From traditional to transitional texts: Montenegrin oral tradition and Vuk Karadžić’s Narodne srpske pjesme

This thesis analyses the influence of literate culture on the corpus of Montenegrin oral epic songs published in Vuk Karadžić’s edition of Narodne srpske pjesme from 1823 to 1833. The Introduction places the research in the scholarly context of the Parry-Lord theory of oral composition, later analyses of transitional texts that contain both oral traditional and literary characteristics, and recent interest in the entire process of transcription, edition and publication of songs belonging to the oral tradition. This is followed by an outline of facts relevant to the social and political history of Montenegro, its epic tradition and earliest textual representation. The first chapter discusses in detail the concepts of oral traditional, transitional and nontraditional texts and offers a synthetic theoretical framework for the analysis of transitional South Slavonic oral songs, based on their phraseology, style, outlook and contextual evidences about their documentation and singers. In the second chapter, this is followed by a textual analysis of five genuine oral traditional Montenegrin songs from Karadžić’s collection and a discussion of their style, themes and overall perspective. In the third chapter, two songs about contemporary Montenegrin battles from the collection are analysed and identified as proper transitional texts; they contain a number of literary elements and were influenced by the Montenegrin ruler Bishop Petar I, but also retain to some extent the characteristics of traditional oral songs. The final chapter identifies nontraditional elements in the four songs that Karadžić wrote down from a literate Montenegrin singer Đuro Milutinović Crnogorac. It is argued that these songs combine a traditional style and outlook with elements distinct from local oral tradition, which the singer had adopted during his education and under the influence of Bishop Petar. The main conclusion of the thesis is that the earliest publication of Montenegrin oral tradition already contained a number of features of literary origin; two out of eleven songs are proper transitional texts, and four others display the influence of literate culture. These texts and features did not originate in the local oral tradition; rather, they were introduced by a literate singer close to the political leadership and then incorporated in the collection of oral traditional songs during the process of its literary documentation and representation. By revealing the complex socio-political framework giving rise to the early-nineteenth century collections of South Slavonic oral songs, this thesis makes a contribution to current research in the textualisation of the oral tradition, and provides a consistent model for the analysis of transitional texts in oral studies

Railway Road Bridge in Novi Sad – Design and Erection

&lt;p&gt; The bridge is situated on the major international electrified railroad line No 2 (Belgrade-Budapest) and designed for to railway tracks (160 km/h), two road lanes and two footpaths, with the total width of 31,5 m. The bridge structure consists of four structures: two approach composite bridges at the banks and two steel tied network arch bridges over the river. The spans are 27,0 +177,0 + 3,0 + 219,0 + 48,0 m, totally 474,0 m in length. The heights of arches are 34,0 m and 42,0 m respectively. The arches and ties, as well as the girders of the approach spans, are steel box girders. The decks of the arch bridges are the composite reinforced concrete slabs with thickness of 300 mm. The launching itself is very complex and unique, in both analysis and construction. The arch bridges are fully assembled on the banks and launched by platforms and skids over the bank and by barges over the river, to the final position on piers.&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p

Uticaj fosfornih đubriva na prinos i sadržaj kadmijuma u krompiru

This study evaluated the effect of different types and rates of phosphorus fertilizers on yield and cadmium content of potato on a slightly alkaline alluvium soil. Results show that the highest yield was obtained under treatment with monoammonium phosphate (manufactured in Russia) and the lowest under Bulgarian TSP treatment. The highest total cadmium was found in potato tubers treated with Bulgarian diammonium phosphate, in contrast to the lowest measured values under Russian DAP treatment.U radu je ispitivan uticaj različitih vrsta i doza fosfornog đubriva na prinos i sadržaj kadmijuma u krompiru, na zemljištu tipa aluvijum, slabo alkalne reakcije. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je primenom monoamonijum-fosfata (poreklom iz Rusije) ostvaren najveći prinos, dok je najmanji prinos postignut sa primenom bugarstkog TSP. Najveći sadržaj ukupnog kadmijuma u krtolama krompira utvrđen je primenom bugarskog diamonijum-fosfata, a najmanji primenom ruskog DAP-a

Collaboration between research and teaching communities : implications for teacher education, practice, and policy making

In this paper, we aim to present the process of realization of a partnership between two professional communities in different countries devoted to supporting academic institutions in strengthening relationships between teacher education, educational research, and practice. Based on the current situation in the involved partners (academic institutions training pre-service and in-service teachers, school psychologists as well as researchers in psychology and education), we were facing the need to re-think how educational research, teacher education, and practice could be connected in a more useful and valuable way. In response to this, we tried to foster practiceled research activities in the partner institutions. Since the practice-led research approach is the hallmark of high-performing education systems, teachers, practitioners, and teacher educators need to research their practice, and young researchers should be prepared to foster carrying out practice-led research activities. Such an approach requires having capacities, motivation, confidence, and opportunities to do so. Consequently, the focus on practice-led research orientations needs to be modeled and sustained during the initial teacher education, but also in the context of training young researchers in educational sciences.peer-reviewe

Development of iminosugar-based glycosidase inhibitors as drug candidates for SARS-CoV-2 virus via molecular modelling and in vitro studies

We developed new iminosugar-based glycosidase inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Known drugs (miglustat, migalastat, miglitol, and swainsonine) were chosen as lead compounds to develop three classes of glycosidase inhibitors (α-glucosidase, α-galactosidase, and mannosidase). Molecular modelling of the lead compounds, synthesis of the compounds with the highest docking scores, enzyme inhibition tests, and in vitro antiviral assays afforded rationally designed inhibitors. Two highly active α-glucosidase inhibitors were discovered, where one of them is the most potent iminosugar-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent to date (EC90 = 1.94 µM in A549-ACE2 cells against Omicron BA.1 strain). However, galactosidase inhibitors did not exhibit antiviral activity, whereas mannosidase inhibitors were both active and cytotoxic. As our iminosugar-based drug candidates act by a host-directed mechanism, they should be more resilient to drug resistance. Moreover, this strategy could be extended to identify potential drug candidates for other viral infections

Dynamic and Assembly Characteristics of Deep-Cavity Basket Acting as a Host for Inclusion Complexation of Mitoxantrone in Biotic and Abiotic Systems

We describe the preparation, dynamic, assembly characteristics of vase-shaped basket 13− along with its ability to form an inclusion complex with anticancer drug mitoxantrone in abiotic and biotic systems. This novel cavitand has a deep nonpolar pocket consisting of three naphthalimide sides fused to a bicyclic platform at the bottom while carrying polar glycines at the top. The results of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 1H NMR Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST), Calorimetry, Hybrid Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics (REMD), and Microcrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED) measurements are in line with 1 forming dimer [12]6−, to be in equilibrium with monomers 1(R)3− (relaxed) and 1(S)3− (squeezed). Through simultaneous line-shape analysis of 1H NMR data, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters characterizing these equilibria were quantified. Basket 1(R)3− includes anticancer drug mitoxantrone (MTO2+) in its pocket to give stable binary complex [MTO⊂1]− (Kd=2.1 μM) that can be precipitated in vitro with UV light or pH as stimuli. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the basket is nontoxic, while at a higher proportion with respect to MTO it reduced its cytotoxicity in vitro. With well-characterized internal dynamics and dimerization, the ability to include mitoxantrone, and biocompatibility, the stage is set to develop sequestering agents from deep-cavity baskets

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity &gt; 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Enmity in the intellectual world: Global perspectives and visions

This paper follows the perception of enmity relations in the recent online contributions of 20 global intellectual ‘superstars’, such as Habermas, Klein, Žižek and others. We observed two, very general distinctions; the first one includes several geopolitical oppositions such as Germany vs. the rest of the EU, Russia vs. the West and national vs. supranational, while the second is between the majority and privileged few/elites. We argue that contemporary intellectuals are still influential public figures, and that their efforts are more directed at empowerment and reform of the societies through the existing system than at promoting and advocating alternatives to the existing neoliberal socio-economical order