11 research outputs found
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The composition of liquid atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization matrices and its effect on ionization in mass spectrometry
New liquid atmospheric pressure (AP) matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) matrices that produce predominantly multiply charged ions have been developed and evaluated with respect to their performance for peptide and protein analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). Both the chromophore and the viscous support liquid in these matrices were optimized for highest MS signal intensity, S/N values and maximum charge state. The best performance in both protein and peptide analysis was achieved employing light diols as matrix support liquids (e.g. ethylene glycol and propylene glycol). Investigating the influence of the chromophore, it was found that 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid resulted in a higher analyte ion signal intensity for the analysis of small peptides; however larger molecules (>17kDa) were undetectable. For larger molecules, a sample preparation based on α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnammic acid as the chromophore was developed and multiply protonated analytes with charge states of more than 50 were detected. Thus, for the first time it was possible to detect with MALDI MS proteins as large as ~80kDa with a high number of charge states, i.e. m/z values below 2000. Systematic investigations of various matrix support liquids have revealed a linear dependency between laser threshold energy and surface tension of the liquid MALDI sample
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Production and analysis of multiply charged negative ions by liquid atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
RATIONALE: Liquid AP-MALDI has been shown to enable the production of ESI-like multiply charged analyte ions with little sample consumption and long-lasting, robust ion yield for sensitive analysis by mass spectrometry. Previous reports have focused on positive ion production. Here, we report an initial optimisation of liquid AP-MALDI for ESI-like negative ion production and its application to the analysis of peptides/proteins, DNA and lipids.
METHODS: The instrumentation employed for this study is identical to that of earlier liquid AP-MALDI MS studies for positive analyte ion production with a simple non-commercial AP ion source that is attached to a Waters Synapt G2-Si mass spectrometer and incorporates a heated ion transfer tube. The preparation of liquid MALDI matrices is similar to positive ion mode analysis but has been adjusted for negative ion mode by changing the chromophore to 3-aminoquinoline and 9-aminoacridine for further improvements.
RESULTS: For DNA, liquid AP-MALDI MS analysis benefited from switching to 9-aminoacridine-based MALDI samples and the negative ion mode, increasing the number of charges by up to a factor of 2 and the analyte ion signal intensities by more than ten-fold compared to the positive ion mode. The limit of detection was recorded at around 10fmol for ATGCAT. For lipids, negative ion mode analysis provided a fully orthogonal set of detected lipids.
CONCLUSIONS: Negative ion mode is a sensitive alternative to positive ion mode in liquid AP-MALDI MS analysis. In particular, the analysis of lipids and DNA benefited from the complementarity of the detected lipid species and the vastly greater DNA ion signal intensities in negative ion mode
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Protein identification using a nanoUHPLC-AP-MALDI MS/MS workflow with CID of multiply charged proteolytic peptides
Liquid AP-MALDI can produce predominantly multiply charged ESI-like ions and stable durable analyte ion yields with samples allowing good shot-to-shot reproducibility and exhibiting self-healing properties during laser irradiation. In this study, LC-MALDI MS/MS workflows that utilize multiply charged ions are reported for the first time and compared with standard LC-ESI MS/MS for bottom-up proteomic analysis. The proposed method is compatible with trifluoroacetic acid as an LC ion pairing reagent and allows multiple MS/MS acquisitions of the LC-separated samples without substantial sample consumption. In addition, the method facilitates the storage of fully spotted MALDI target plates for months without significant sample degradation
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Investigation and optimization of parameters affecting the multiply charged ion yield in AP-MALDI MS
Liquid matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) allows the generation of predominantly multiply
charged ions in atmospheric pressure (AP) MALDI ion sources for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis.
The charge state distribution of the generated ions and the efficiency of the ion source in generating such
ions crucially depend on the desolvation regime of the MALDI plume after desorption in the AP-tovacuum
inlet. Both high temperature and a flow regime with increased residence time of the desorbed
plume in the desolvation region promote the generation of multiply charged ions. Without such measures
the application of an electric ion extraction field significantly increases the ion signal intensity of
singly charged species while the detection of multiply charged species is less dependent on the extraction
field. In general, optimization of high temperature application facilitates the predominant formation and
detection of multiply charged compared to singly charged ion species. In this study an experimental setup
and optimization strategy is described for liquid AP-MALDI MS which improves the ionization effi-
ciency of selected ion species up to 14 times. In combination with ion mobility separation, the method
allows the detection of multiply charged peptide and protein ions for analyte solution concentrations
as low as 2 fmol/lL (0.5 lL, i.e. 1 fmol, deposited on the target) with very low sample consumption in
the low nL-range
Dataset supporting a project of developing and optimising sample preparation in liquid AP-MALDI
Dataset contains a set of data collected during liquid AP-MALDI MS sample preparation studies. Dataset contains 9 sets of mass spectrometry data acquired on an in-house developed AP-MALDI ion source attached to a commercial Synapt G2-Si mass spectrometer. Other data include 3 surface tension measurements acquired on a Kruess K-12 tensiometer, and 3 processed laser energy threshold measurements datasets
Dataset supporting a project of developing a nanoHPLC-MALDI MS/MS workflow employing CID of multiply charged proteolytic peptides for bottom-up proteomics
Dataset contains two sets of LC-MALDI MS/MS runs performed on an in-house developed AP-MALDI source attached to a commercial mass spectrometer, as well as a complementary LC-ESI MS/MS dataset. Other data include experiments on AP-MALDI MS signal duration and MS/MS experiments
Dataset supporting research into the production and analysis of multiply charged negative ions by atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry
The dataset contains mass spectrometry data which was used as the basis for a published article focusing on the development of our in-house AP-MALDI ion source for negative ion production and analysis. The data is in the proprietary Waters .raw format, but can be converted to be viewed in free and open source software