28 research outputs found
Dimethyl sulfoxide: a central player since the dawn of cryobiology, is efficacy balanced by toxicity?
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is the cryoprotectant of choice for most animal cell systems since the early history of cryopreservation. It has been used for decades in many thousands of cell transplants. These treatments would not have taken place without suitable sources of DMSO that enabled stable and safe storage of bone marrow and blood cells until needed for transfusion. Nevertheless, its effects on cell biology and apparent toxicity in patients have been an ongoing topic of debate, driving the search for less cytotoxic cryoprotectants. This review seeks to place the toxicity of DMSO in context of its effectiveness. It will also consider means of reducing its toxic effects, the alternatives to its use and their readiness for active use in clinical settings
Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology
We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi. The database includes multiple events per species, such as the onset days of leaf unfolding and leaf fall for plants, and the days for first spring and last autumn occurrences for birds. The data were acquired using standardized methods by permanent staff of national parks and nature reserves (87% of the data) and members of a phenological observation network (13% of the data). The database is valuable for exploring how species respond in their phenology to climate change. Large-scale analyses of spatial variation in phenological response can help to better predict the consequences of species and community responses to climate change.Peer reviewe
Country-of-origin image effects on satisfaction and purchase intention in the industrial market for seafood products : a study of Norwegian, Chilean and Canadian salmon buyers
Despite the growing importance of country-of-origin (COO) effects in industrial markets,
most prior research has been concentrated on these effects only in consumer environments.
In addition, existing studies on country-of-origin image (COI) have mainly targeted the
relationship between COI and perceived product quality for durable goods. This study
examines the influence of country-of-origin image effects of three different countries on
perceived quality, buyer satisfaction and purchase intention among industrial buyers of
seafood products in the USA. Perceived supplier reliability, a new construct in COO
research, is presented and linked with COI and buyer satisfaction in the conceptual model
developed by the researcher. This research uses a mixed methods approach, utilizing both
surveys and in-depth interviews, to gather relevant B2B data for identifying the main
influencing factors of COI. Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) and multiple regression
analyses are employed in order to test the relationships proposed in the model. The
analyses show that COI impacts overall buyer satisfaction and purchase intentions
indirectly and that its influence is mediated by perceived product quality and perceived
supplier reliability. Consistent with previous studies, perceived product quality is strongly
influenced by the favorability of COI. COI is also found to strongly influence perceived
supplier reliability, although certain differences are visible between the various countries.
Following the interviews, several new relationships, such as the one between COO,
sustainability and CSR are also found
ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ R-Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ- Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
A nonlinear system of first order ordinary differential equations is considered. The system is unresolved
with respect to the derivative of the unknown function and it is identically degenerate in the domain. An
arbitrarily high unresolvability index is admited. Analysis is carried out under assumptions that ensure
the existence of a global structural form that separates "algebraic" and "differential" subsystems. Local
R-observability conditions are obtained by linear approximation of the systemΠ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½-
Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°-
ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½-
Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ "Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ" ΠΈ "Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ" ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ R-Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΅
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Linear controllable system of first order ordinary differential equations is considered. The system is
unresolved with respect to the derivative of the unknown function and it is identically degenerate in the
domain. An arbitrarily high unresolvability index is admitted. Differential controllability of the system
is investigated under assumptions that ensure the existence of a global structural form that separates
"algebraic" and "differential" subsystemsΠ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅-
ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅-
ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ
Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ "Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ" ΠΈ "Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ" ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ
ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ R-Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ- Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
A nonlinear system of first order ordinary differential equations is considered. The system is unresolved
with respect to the derivative of the unknown function and it is identically degenerate in the domain. An
arbitrarily high unresolvability index is admited. Analysis is carried out under assumptions that ensure
the existence of a global structural form that separates "algebraic" and "differential" subsystems. Local
R-observability conditions are obtained by linear approximation of the systemΠ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½-
Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°-
ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½-
Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ "Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ" ΠΈ "Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ" ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ R-Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΅
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Linear controllable system of first order ordinary differential equations is considered. The system is
unresolved with respect to the derivative of the unknown function and it is identically degenerate in the
domain. An arbitrarily high unresolvability index is admitted. Differential controllability of the system
is investigated under assumptions that ensure the existence of a global structural form that separates
"algebraic" and "differential" subsystemsΠ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅-
ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅-
ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ
Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ "Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ" ΠΈ "Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ" ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ
Improved Conditions for the Synthesis and Transformations of Aminomethyl Selenophenothiophenes
A simple strategy for preparing aminomethyl selenopheno[3,2-b]-and selenopheno[2,3-b]thiophenes via the treatment of ethynylthiophenes with SeBr<inf>4</inf> prepared in situ has been developed. Conjugated systems containing a selenophenothiophene moiety were constructed. Molecular structure of representative derivatives has been confirmed by X-ray