PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION AND INTER-RELATIONSHIPS OF THE AGRONOMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF AMARANTH SEEDS

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different doses of phosphorus in the growth and development of plants and in the physiological quality of the seeds produced, as well as to identify the interrelationships between the morphological and physiological attributes. The experiment was carried out in the agricultural crop 2016/2017 in Federal University of Pelotas. The experimental design was a randomized block in which the treatments were arranged in five replications. The analysis of variance revealed a significance of 5% probability through the characters, plant height, dry mass of the plant shoot, seed yield, germination and accelerated aging these results demonstrate that these attributes are influenced by the P2O5 doses, in contrast, the chlorophyll index. The Amaranthuscruentus species expresses variability to the morphological attributes, yield components and seed quality produced in relation to the use of phosphate fertilization. Doses comprising 100 to 200 kg ha-1 of P2O5 tend to potentiate plant height, dry biomass accumulation, yield, germination and vigor of the seeds produced. Plants with greater stature and accumulation of biomass increase the proportion of photosynthetic pigments, being these determinants for the production and quality of seeds produced of amaranth in the extreme south of Brazil

Efeito da irrigação por aspersão no rendimento e potencial fisiológico das sementes de soja

The sprinkler irrigation reduces the negative effects of water deficit and increases the yield and performance of soybean seeds on field. Thus, the objective of work was to evaluate the effect of sprinkler irrigation on yield and physiological potential of soybean seeds produced in lowland soils. The treatments consisted of 8 soybean cultivars and two water regimes: with and without sprinkler irrigation. This work was developed using soybean seeds of the cultivars BMX Força RR, BRS Tertúlia RR, CD 249 RR STS, BMX Potência RR and BRS 246 RR, BRS Charrua RR, BRS Taura RR, and CD 231 RR. The variables analyzed were the seeds yield, germination, first count of germination, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, field emergence, and seed weight. The sprinkler irrigation on soybean crop in lowland soil increase in seed yield of all cultivars studied, the increase varied from 32% to 139%. The sprinkler irrigation has improved seed performance of cultivars BMX Força RR, BRS Tertúlia RR, CD 249 RR STS, BMX Potência RR, and BRS Taura.A irrigação por aspersão pode minimizar os efeitos negativos da deficiência hídrica e aumentar o rendimento e desempenho de sementes de soja no campo. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da irrigação por aspersão no rendimento e potencial fisiológico das sementes de soja produzidas em solos de várzea. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por oito cultivares de soja e dois regimes hídricos: com e sem irrigação por aspersão. Foram utilizadas cultivares de soja BMX Força RR, BRS Tertúlia RR, CD 249 RR STS, BMX Potência RR, do grupo de maturação (GM) 6 e BRS 246 RR, BRS Charrua RR, BRS Taura RR, e CD 231 RR, do grupo de maturação (GM) 7. As variáveis analisadas foram o rendimento de sementes, germinação, primeira contagem da germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica, emergência em campo e peso de mil sementes. A irrigação por aspersão na cultura da soja em solo de várzea proporciona acréscimos no rendimento de todas as cultivares em estudo, variando os acréscimos entre 32% a 139% e proporciona acréscimo no potencial fisiológico de sementes das cultivares BMX Força RR, BRS Tertúlia RR, CD 249 RR STS, BMX Potência RR, e BRS Taura RR

Spatial variability of chemical and agronomic attributes of soil in wheat seed production field

The need to rationalize the use of fertilizers and other chemicals, and financial resources has generated, increasingly, research in order to describe the spatial variability of soil properties in crops. This study aimed to study the spatial organization of soil properties in a wheat seed production field in an area of 11 ha in Lavras do Sul, RS, Brazil. Collecting soil four subsamples for chemical analysis and 10 for compression using a 100m X 100m grid by sampling was performed. Descriptive analysis and geostatistical was performed to characterize the samples and identify the spatial dependence of the studied attributes. From the results obtained maps were drawn by "Agricultural System CR-Campeiro 7" software. The greater variability checked by coefficient of variation was observed for the phosphorus content, the other had medium and low variability. All attributes have moderate spatial dependence and range equal to or above the maximum search radius.The need to rationalize the use of fertilizers and other chemicals, and financial resources has generated, increasingly, research in order to describe the spatial variability of soil properties in crops. This study aimed to study the spatial organization of soil properties in a wheat seed production field in an area of 11 ha. We collected four soil subsamples for chemical analysis and 10 samples for soil compression, using a 100 x 100 m grid. Descriptive and geostatistical analysis were performed to characterize the samples and identify the spatial dependence of the studied attributes. From the results obtained maps were drawn by “Agricultural System CR-Campeiro 7” software. The spatial organization of the evaluated attributes was heterogeneous. The chemical and physical attributes of the soil presented low or moderate spatial variability and moderate spatial dependence. The use of thematic map techniques can be used to optimize areas of wheat seed production

Electrical conductivity and accelerated aging in amaranth (Amaranthus crueentus L.) seeds

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine adequate conditions of water volume, seed quantity and immersion period to perform the electrical conductivity test, and to analyze the parameters of the accelerated aging test and its correlation with the the physiological potential of amaranth seeds. Five lots of amaranth seeds (Amaranthus cruentus), cultivar BRS Alegria, were used. The initial evaluation of the quality of these lots comprehended the following tests: water content, germination, first germination count, accelerated aging (traditional method, and modified versions, using unsaturated and saturated saline solution for the periods of 24, 48 and 72 h), electrical conductivity in different periods (2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h), different quantities of water (25, 50 and 75 mL), different seed quantities (100 and 150), and field emergence. It could be concluded that the accelerated aging test at 41 °C, for 72 h, using unsaturated NaCl solution was efficient in the classification of amaranth seed lots in levels of vigor. The electrical conductivity test performed for 8 hours with 25 mL of water and 100 seeds was efficient in the classification of amaranth seeds as to their physiological potential

Electrical conductivity and accelerated aging in amaranth (Amaranthus crueentus L.) seeds

<div><p>Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine adequate conditions of water volume, seed quantity and immersion period to perform the electrical conductivity test, and to analyze the parameters of the accelerated aging test and its correlation with the the physiological potential of amaranth seeds. Five lots of amaranth seeds (Amaranthus cruentus), cultivar BRS Alegria, were used. The initial evaluation of the quality of these lots comprehended the following tests: water content, germination, first germination count, accelerated aging (traditional method, and modified versions, using unsaturated and saturated saline solution for the periods of 24, 48 and 72 h), electrical conductivity in different periods (2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h), different quantities of water (25, 50 and 75 mL), different seed quantities (100 and 150), and field emergence. It could be concluded that the accelerated aging test at 41 °C, for 72 h, using unsaturated NaCl solution was efficient in the classification of amaranth seed lots in levels of vigor. The electrical conductivity test performed for 8 hours with 25 mL of water and 100 seeds was efficient in the classification of amaranth seeds as to their physiological potential.</p></div