5 research outputs found
Union européenne: passé et présent. Une analyse comparative entre la déclaration Schuman et les dix priorités de Juncker
Le prĂ©sent article vise Ă analyser deux discours de deux personnalitĂ©s remarquables qui ont Ă©tĂ© impliquĂ©es dans ce quâon appelle lâUnion europĂ©enne. Plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment,
nous ferons une comparaison entre la DĂ©claration de Schuman du 9 mai 1950 et les Dix prioritĂ©s de Juncker pour lâEurope, de 2014. En utilisant des mĂ©thodes qualitatives, dĂ©crites dans lâanalyse de texte, notre objectif est de rĂ©pondre Ă quelques
questions pertinentes : les concepts dâintĂ©gration sont-ils toujours prĂ©sents et peuvent-ils ĂȘtre mis Ă contribution pour lâavenir de lâEurope ? LâEurope de Schuman conserve-t-elle aprĂšs plus de 60 ans la mĂȘme vision ? Peut-on dĂ©tecter des Ă©lĂ©ments
de continuitĂ© ? Quels sont les Ă©lĂ©ments de discontinuitĂ© ? Avons-nous abdiquĂ© du projet initial ? Quels sont les Ă©lĂ©ments cruciaux dont la construction europĂ©enne a besoin pour fonctionner ? Combien le rĂȘve a-t-il changĂ© ? Afin de rĂ©pondre aux
questions mentionnées, nous faisons appel aux sources primaires, leurs discours en question, en évitant toute position partisane
Deliberative Democracy in the EU. Countering Populism with Participation and Debate. CEPS Paperback
Elections are the preferred way to freely transfer power from one
term to the next and from one political party or coalition to another.
They are an essential element of democracy. But if the process of
power transfer is corrupted, democracy risks collapse. Reliance on
voters, civil society organisations and neutral observers to fully
exercise their freedoms as laid down in international human rights
conventions is an integral part of holding democratic elections.
Without free, fair and regular elections, liberal democracy is
inconceivable.
Elections are no guarantee that democracy will take root and
hold, however. If the history of political participation in Europe over
the past 800 years is anything to go by, successful attempts at gaining
voice have been patchy, while leadersâ attempts to silence these
voices and consolidate their own power have been almost constant
(Blockmans, 2020).
Recent developments in certain EU member states have again
shown us that democratically elected leaders will try and use
majoritarian rule to curb freedoms, overstep the constitutional limits
of their powers, protect the interests of their cronies and recycle
themselves through seemingly free and fair elections. In their recent
book How Democracies Die, two Harvard professors of politics write:
âSince the end of the Cold War, most democratic breakdowns have
been caused not by generals and soldiers but by elected governments
themselvesâ (Levitsky and Ziblatt, 2018)
26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 3 - Meeting Abstracts - Antwerp, Belgium. 15â20 July 2017
This work was produced as part of the activities of FAPESP Research,\ud
Disseminations and Innovation Center for Neuromathematics (grant\ud
2013/07699-0, S. Paulo Research Foundation). NLK is supported by a\ud
FAPESP postdoctoral fellowship (grant 2016/03855-5). ACR is partially\ud
supported by a CNPq fellowship (grant 306251/2014-0)
Liposomes with Caffeic Acid: Morphological and Structural Characterisation, Their Properties and Stability in Time
Medical and pharmaceutical research has shown that liposomes are very efficient in transporting drugs to targets. In this study, we prepared six liposome formulas, three in which we entrapped caffeic acid (CA), and three with only phospholipids and without CA. Determination of entrapment efficiency (EE) showed that regardless of the phospholipids used, the percentage of CA entrapment was up to 76%. The characterization of the liposomes was performed using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), zeta potential and polydispersity and showed that about 75â99% of the liposomes had dimensions between 40 ± 0.55â500 ± 1.45 nm. The size and zeta potential of liposomes were influenced by the type of phospholipid used to obtain them. CA release from liposomes was performed using a six-cell Franz diffusion system, and it was observed that the release of entrapped CA occurs gradually, the highest amount occurring in the first eight hours (over 80%), after which the release is much reduced. Additionally, the time stability of the obtained liposomes was analysed using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Therefore, liposomes offer great potential in CA entrapment
Research and Science Today No. 1(17)/2019
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