394 research outputs found

    Manifestation der eosinophilen Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis im Kopf-Hals-Bereich

    Get PDF
    In die retrospektive Studie wurden Patienten eingeschlossen, die im Zeitraum von 1990 bis 2010 sowohl im Klinikum Bad Bramstedt, als auch in der Klinik fĂŒr Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Christian-Albrechts-UniversitĂ€t zu Kiel, betreut wurden. Kriterien zur HNO-Beteiligung wurden den fĂŒnf ĂŒbergeordneten Bereichen Anamnese, HNO-Ă€rztliche Spiegeluntersuchung, spezielle audiologische Diagnostik, spezielle rhinologische Diagnostik und Radiologie zugeordnet und kumulativ dokumentiert. Die EGPA Patienten wurden standardisiert basierend auf dem validierten Ear Nose and Throat Activity Score (ENTAS) oder dessen VorlĂ€uferversion untersucht. Aus audiologischer Sicht standen Tympano- und Tonaudiogramme zur VerfĂŒgung, aus rhinologischer Sicht konnten Rhinomanometrien und SniffinÂŽSticks- Tests ausgewertet werden. Radiologische Untersuchungen (MRT-Aufnahmen) des Kopfes waren zur Beurteilung der zentralen Beteiligung angefertigt worden. Insgesamt 95 Patienten konnten in die Studie eingeschlossen werden. Bei ungefĂ€hr 80% dieser Patienten wurde eine HNO-Beteiligung dokumentiert. Die Annahme einer hĂ€ufigen rhinologischen Beteiligung bei Patienten mit EGPA wurde bestĂ€tigt. Des Weiteren liefern die Daten bemerkenswerte Hinweise fĂŒr eine otologische Beteiligung. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der rhinologischen und der otologischen Manifestation konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Dies deutet auf einen unabhĂ€ngigen autoimmun-entzĂŒndlichen Prozess dieser Beteiligungen hin. Die hier gezeigten Daten der grĂ¶ĂŸten monozentrischen Studie bestĂ€tigen die Hypothese einer hĂ€ufigen HNO- Beteiligung bei EGPA Patienten. Die rhinologische und otologische Manifestation ist hĂ€ufig. Um eine Beteiligung des HNO-Trakts zu erkennen und mögliche Komplikationen sowie permanenten Schaden zu verhindern, sollte die HNO-Beteiligung frĂŒhzeitig und in regelmĂ€ĂŸigen Verlaufskontrollen erkannt und interdisziplinĂ€r behandelt werden

    Widely Tunable High-Power Tapered Diode Laser at 1060 nm

    Get PDF

    The startle reflex in echolocating odontocetes : basic physiology and practical implications

    Get PDF
    This study was funded by Marine Scotland (Scottish Government). Open Access funding provided by The University of St Andrews.The acoustic startle reflex is an oligo-synaptic reflex arc elicited by rapid-onset sounds. Odontocetes evolved a range of specific auditory adaptations to aquatic hearing and echolocation, e.g. the ability to downregulate their auditory sensitivity when emitting clicks. However, it remains unclear whether these adaptations also led to changes of the startle reflex. We investigated reactions to startling sounds in two bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and one false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens). Animals were exposed to 50 ms, 1/3 octave band noise pulses of varying levels at frequencies of 1, 10, 25 and 32 kHz while positioned in a hoop station. Startle responses were quantified by measuring rapid muscle contractions using a three-dimensional accelerometer attached to the dolphin. Startle magnitude increased exponentially with increasing received levels. Startle thresholds were frequency dependent and ranged from 131 dB at 32 kHz to 153 dB at 1 kHz (re. 1 ”Pa). Startle thresholds only exceeded masked auditory AEP thresholds of the animals by 47 dB but were ∌82 dB above published behavioural audiograms for these species. We also tested the effect of stimulus rise time on startle magnitude using a broadband noise pulse. Startle responses decreased with increasing rise times from 2 to 100 ms. Models suggested that rise times of 141–220 ms were necessary to completely mitigate startle responses. Our data showed that the startle reflex is conserved in odontocetes and follows similar principles as in terrestrial mammals. These principles should be considered when assessing and mitigating the effects of anthropogenic noise on marine mammals.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

    The Transient High Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS)

    Get PDF
    The Transient High Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS) is a mission concept under development by a large international collaboration aimed at exploiting gamma-ray bursts for investigating the early Universe. The main scientific objectives of THESEUS include: investigating the star formation rate and metallicity evolution of the ISM and IGM up to redshift 9-10, detecting the first generation (pop III) of stars, studying the sources and physics of re-ionization, detecting the faint end of galaxies luminosity function. These goals will be achieved through a unique combination of instruments allowing GRB detection and arcmin localization over a broad FOV (more than 1sr) and an energy band extending from several MeVs down to 0.3 keV with unprecedented sensitivity, as well as on-board prompt (few minutes) follow-up with a 0.6m class IR telescope with both imaging and spectroscopic capabilities. Such instrumentation will also allow THESEUS to unveil and study the population of soft and sub-energetic GRBs, and, more in general, to perform monitoring and survey of the X-ray sky with unprecedented sensitivity

    HARPO: a TPC as a gamma-ray telescope and polarimeter

    Full text link
    A gas Time Projection Chamber can be used for gamma-ray astronomy with excellent angular-precision and sensitivity to faint sources, and for polarimetry, through the measurement of photon conversion to e+e−e^+e^- pairs. We present the expected performance in simulations and the recent development of a demonstrator for tests in a polarized photon beam.Comment: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, Ultraviolet to gamma ray, Montr\'eal, Canada 2014. v2: note added in proof. Copyright 2014 SPIE. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibite
    • 

    corecore