1,657 research outputs found
The Misreporting Trade-off Between List Experiments and Direct Questions in Practice: Partition Validation Evidence from Two Countries
To reduce strategic misreporting on sensitive topics, survey researchers increasingly use list experiments rather than direct questions. However, the complexity of list experiments may increase non-strategic misreporting. We provide the first empirical assessment of this trade-off between strategic and non-strategic misreporting. We field list experiments on election turnout in two different countries, collecting measures of respondents' true turnout. We detail and apply a partition validation method which uses true scores to distinguish true and false positives and negatives for list experiments, thus allowing detection of non-strategic reporting errors. For both list experiments, partition validation reveals non-strategic misreporting that is: undetected by standard diagnostics or validation; greater than assumed in extant simulation studies; and severe enough that direct turnout questions subject to strategic misreporting exhibit lower overall reporting error. We discuss how our results can inform the choice between list experiment and direct question for other topics and survey contexts
The Elephant Trunk Nebula and the Trumpler 37 cluster: Contribution of triggered star formation to the total population of an HII region
Rich young stellar clusters produce HII regions whose expansion into the
nearby molecular cloud is thought to trigger the formation of new stars.
However, the importance of this mode of star formation is uncertain. This
investigation seeks to quantify triggered star formation (TSF) in IC 1396A
(a.k.a., the Elephant Trunk Nebula), a bright rimmed cloud (BRC) on the
periphery of the nearby giant HII region IC 1396 produced by the Trumpler 37
cluster. X-ray selection of young stars from Chandra X-ray Observatory data is
combined with existing optical and infrared surveys to give a more complete
census of the TSF population. Over 250 young stars in and around IC 1396A are
identified; this doubles the previously known population. A spatio-temporal
gradient of stars from the IC 1396A cloud toward the primary ionizing star HD
206267 is found. We argue that the TSF mechanism in IC 1396A is the
radiation-driven implosion process persisting over several million years.
Analysis of the X-ray luminosity and initial mass functions indicates that >140
stars down to 0.1 Msun were formed by TSF. Considering other BRCs in the IC
1396 HII region, we estimate the TSF contribution for the entire HII region
exceeds 14-25% today, and may be higher over the lifetime of the HII region.
Such triggering on the periphery of HII regions may be a significant mode of
star formation in the Galaxy.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 28 pages, 18 figure
Bipolar Conducting Polymer Crawlers Based on Triple Symmetry Breaking
International audienc
On the virtualization and dynamic orchestration of satellite communication services
Key features of satellite communications such as wide-scale coverage, broadcast/multicast support and high availability, together with significant amounts of new satellite capacity coming online, anticipate new opportunities for satellite communications services as an integral part within upcoming 5G systems. To materialize these opportunities, satellite communications services have to be provisioned and operated in a more flexible, agile and cost-effective manner than done today.
In this context, this paper describes a solution for the virtualization and dynamic orchestration of satellite communication services that builds on the introduction of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technologies within the satellite ground
segment systems. Along with the description of the main system
architecture traits, the flowchart of a general procedure for the
dynamic instantiation of virtualized satellite networks on top of a
SDN/NFV-enabled satellite ground segment system is provided.
The paper also presents experimental results for the dynamic customization of satellite network services through the implementation of a set of virtualized satellite network functions that can be orchestrated over general purpose open virtual platforms.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
The Massive Star-forming Regions Omnibus X-ray Catalog
We present the Massive Star-forming Regions (MSFRs) Omnibus X-ray Catalog
(MOXC), a compendium of X-ray point sources from {\em Chandra}/ACIS
observations of a selection of MSFRs across the Galaxy, plus 30 Doradus in the
Large Magellanic Cloud. MOXC consists of 20,623 X-ray point sources from 12
MSFRs with distances ranging from 1.7 kpc to 50 kpc. Additionally, we show the
morphology of the unresolved X-ray emission that remains after the catalogued
X-ray point sources are excised from the ACIS data, in the context of \Spitzer\
and {\em WISE} observations that trace the bubbles, ionization fronts, and
photon-dominated regions that characterize MSFRs. In previous work, we have
found that this unresolved X-ray emission is dominated by hot plasma from
massive star wind shocks. This diffuse X-ray emission is found in every MOXC
MSFR, clearly demonstrating that massive star feedback (and the
several-million-degree plasmas that it generates) is an integral component of
MSFR physics.Comment: Accepted to ApJS, March 3, 2014. 51 pages, 25 figure
PET-MR imaging using a tri-modality PET/CT-MR system with a dedicated shuttle in clinical routine
Tri-modality PET/CT-MRI includes the transfer of the patient on a dedicated shuttle from one system into the other. Advantages of this system include a true CT-based attenuation correction, reliable PET-quantification and higher flexibility in patient throughput on both systems. Comparative studies of PET/MRI versus PET/CT are readily accomplished without repeated PET with a different PET scanner at a different time point. Additionally, there is a higher imaging flexibility based on the availability of three imaging modalities, which can be combined for the characterization of the disease. The downside is a somewhat higher radiation dose of up to 3mSv with a low dose CT based on the CT-component, longer acquisition times and potential misalignment between the imaging components. Overall, the tri-modality PET/CT-MR system offers comparative studies using the three different imaging modalities in the same patient virtually at the same time, and may help to develop reliable attenuation algorithms at the same tim
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