Tegn, tillit og troverdighet: om rettssikkerhet for døve og hørselshemmede

Studien omhandler sentrale aspekter ved rettssituasjonen for døve og hørselshemmede innen dagens strafferettspleie. Fokuset er rettet mot omfang av kontakten med strafferettsapparatet, organisering og praktisering av tolking ved politiavhør og i retten, bruken av lyd- og bildeopptak ved politiavhør, og generelle rettssikkerhetshensyn. Studien bygger på intervjuer med et utvalg rutinerte tegnspråktolker og et utvalg erfarne aktører i ulike deler av strafferettspleien, samt en gjennomgang av et antall straffesaker i de senere år hvor døve/hørselshemmede har vært involvert

Challenges in global Indigenous-Disability comparative research, or, why nation-state political histories matter

Source at https://dgsjournal.org/current-issue/.Globally, Indigenous people, also known as First Peoples, have the poorest health outcomes of all population groups, resulting in significantly higher rates of chronic disease, ill-health, and disability. Recent research strongly suggests that Australian First Peoples and the Sami peoples of the Nordic region are positioned at opposite ends of the disability–health spectrum. Australia’s First Peoples, now experience the highest rates of disability in the nation’s recorded history, despite the significant government investment over recent decades in national Indigenous policy. Yet, Nordic Indigenous populations appear to have similar health outcomes and living conditions as the rest of the population in the region. In this paper, we compare some of the global assumptions of the two leading countries of the United Nations Human Development Index– Norway (ranked first) and Australia (ranked second)– and examine the ways in which such rankings act to hide the disparities of life trajectories and outcomes for Indigenous persons living with disability compared to the rest of the population in each country. The findings of the comparative analysis illustrate core areas for consideration when undertaking in-depth comparative research with First Nation’s peoples. This includes issues surrounding the differentiated political significance of national population data systems for local Indigenous peoples in their struggles for recognition, and the nuanced processes of population data categorisation that are developed as a result of First Nation’s localised struggles for recognition, respect and rights under processes of European colonisation

Challenges in global indigenous-disability comparative research, or, why nation-state political histories matter

Globally, Indigenous people, also known as First Peoples, have the poorest health outcomes of all population groups, resulting in significantly higher rates of chronic disease, ill-health, and disability. Recent research strongly suggests that Australian First Peoples and the Sami peoples of the Nordic region are positioned at opposite ends of the disability–health spectrum. Australia’s First Peoples, now experience the highest rates of disability in the nation’s recorded history, despite the significant government investment over recent decades in national Indigenous policy. Yet, Nordic Indigenous populations appear to have similar health outcomes and living conditions as the rest of the population in the region. In this paper, we compare some of the global assumptions of the two leading countries of the United Nations Human Development Index– Norway (ranked first) and Australia (ranked second)– and examine the ways in which such rankings act to hide the disparities of life trajectories and outcomes for Indigenous persons living with disability compared to the rest of the population in each country. The findings of the comparative analysis illustrate core areas for consideration when undertaking in-depth comparative research with First Nation’s peoples. This includes issues surrounding the differentiated political significance of national population data systems for local Indigenous peoples in their struggles for recognition, and the nuanced processes of population data categorisation that are developed as a result of First Nation’s localised struggles for recognition, respect and rights under processes of European colonisation

Likeverdig tilgang til psykiske helsetjenester? : Refleksjoner og erfaringer hos unge mennesker med hørselshemming

Rapporten presenterer et helsetjenesteforskningsprosjekt som tar for seg møtet mellom unge med hørselshemming og psykiske helsetjenester i Norge. Nedsatt hørsel er en mulig risikofaktor for psykiske helseutfordringer, derfor er det viktig å få kunnskap om hvordan helsevesenet bør møte unge med hørselshemming som søker psykisk helsehjelp.Likeverdig tilgang til psykiske helsetjenester? : Refleksjoner og erfaringer hos unge mennesker med hørselshemmingpublishedVersio

Sign language, translation and rule of law – deaf people's experiences from encounters with the Norwegian criminal justice system

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was ratified in Norway, June 2013. Nordic countries are generally associated with the promotion of human rights as well as disability rights. The Rule of Law Index from the World Justice Project ranks the Nordic countries among the top nations when it comes to high standards of justice (both civil and criminal justice) and rule of law. However, there are also well-known examples of grave miscarriages of justice in cases where disabled people have been involved. These cases address issues of access to justice and questions barriers to effective communication in criminal justice. Taking the situation of deaf people in Norway as a case, this study asks what barriers deaf people face when reporting a crime, being accused of a crime or being a witness in court. The methodological approach is semi-structured, open-ended interviews with deaf persons, professional sign language interpreters, judges, prosecutors, police officers and lawyers. All the informants have personal experiences from encounters between deaf people and the criminal justice system. This paper discusses this situation in terms of language and communication problems, access to justice, non-discrimination and equal recognition before the law.Sign language, translation and rule of law – deaf people's experiences from encounters with the Norwegian criminal justice systempublishedVersio

Hørselshemmede barns og unges opplæringsmessige og sosiale vilkår i barnehage og skole : Kunnskapsoversikt over nyere nordisk forskning

​Hva innebærer det å være ung og hørselshemmet i nordiske barnehager eller skoler? Denne forskningsoppsummeringen beskriver et utvalg nyere nordiske forskningsfunn som kaster lys over dette spørsmålet.publishedVersio

Challenges in global Indigenous-Disability comparative research, or, why nation-state political histories matter

publishedVersio

Not available

Um dos principais problemas da Biologia é tentar explicar o processo evolutivo das espécies existentes e de que forma essas espécies se relacionam em termos de ancestrais comuns. A determinação dessas relações evolutivas dá-se o nome de filogenia ou reconstrução de árvores filogenéticas. A reconstrução de árvores filogenéticas têm sido importante para uma variedade de problemas, tais como: taxonomia, virologia, filogenômica, alinhamento múltiplo de sequências, entre outras. Um problema fundamental em filogenia consiste no fato das espécies ancestrais que existiram no passado não poderem ser observadas diretamente. Assim, é necessário buscar mecanismos para, analisando os organismos atuais, recuperar informações a respeito das relações de parentesco com os organismos ancestrais hipotéticos. Neste sentido, as técnicas filogenéticas buscam determinar os ancestrais hipotéticos que melhor representam um processo evolutivo que explique as espécies existentes. Os Algoritmos Evolutivos (AEs) têm mostrado resultados significativos em filogenia. Por outro lado, a reconstrução de árvores filogenéticas é um problema de Projeto de Redes (PR) para o qual novas abordagens evolutivas têm sido desenvolvidas recentemente buscando o aumento de eficiência computacional. Este trabalho investiga a aplicação dessas novas abordagens para filogenia.One of the most important problems in Biology is to comprehend the evolutionary process of existing species and determine how they are related with their cornmon ancestors. The determination of these evolutionary relationships is named phylogeny or phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The reconstruction of phylogenetic trees have shown to be important for a variety of problems, such as: taxonomy, virology, phylogenomic, multiple sequences alignment, among others. One fundamental problern in phylogeny is that ancestral species cannot be directly observed. In order to overcome this problem, search mechanisms have been employed to reconstruct the relationships among these organisms and their hypothetical ancestors. Therefore, the phylogenetic techniques search for hypotetical ancestors that best describe an evolutionary process which must explain the today species. Evolutionary Algorithms have shown relcvant, results in phylogeny. On the other hand, the phylogenetic tree reconstruction is a network design problem for which new evolutionary algorithms with special encoding have been developed in order to improve their efficiency. This work investigates the application of these new approaches to phylogeny