Mathematical investigations in the classroom: A context for the development of professional knowledge of mathematics teachers

This article reports part of a study developed with the purpose of understanding the professional knowledge of teachers involved in the development of investigative tasks in the classroom. The study adopted the interpretative paradigm and elaborated a case study of a first grade teacher. This teacher worked regularly in collaboration with one of the researchers, selecting, planning and developing investigative tasks with her students in classroom, and also reflecting on her teaching practice with the investigations. The analysis of the data allows us to identify several aspects in which the professional knowledge of the teacher was deepened and broadened. It is also possible to identify the main factors contributing to the development of the teacher’s professional knowledge

Um olhar do marketing sobre a sustentabilidade social das Smart Cities

Dissertação de mestrado apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Publicidade e Marketing.Para que as cidades alcancem o patamar de smart city, não chega apenas terem serviços inteligentes, é necessário desenvolver toda uma estratégia diferenciadora em que o cidadão está no centro das decisões, com o objetivo de o tornar mais feliz na sua área de residência e aproximando-o das novas tecnologias. Assim, é necessário que as cidades criem soluções inovadoras para os problemas enfrentados pela sociedade, nomeadamente no eixo social da sustentabilidade. A presente investigação pretende abordar o marketing territorial enquanto ferramenta no planeamento de cidades inteligentes, colocando a seguinte questão de partida: Qual a importância do marketing territorial na criação de smart cities socialmente sustentáveis, em Portugal? Através desta questão, pretende-se perceber de que forma a sustentabilidade social pode influenciar as estratégias de marketing territorial; identificar as smart cities existentes; identificar os indicadores de smart cities; perceber de que forma as smart cities promovem a sustentabilidade social; quais as estratégias de marketing territorial aplicadas em smart cities. Na vertente metodológica, esta investigação segue um posicionamento paradigmático interpretativista, recorrendo ao método exploratório através da análise qualitativa. Como instrumento de recolha de dados foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada e a grelha de análise de conteúdo foi construída por uma combinação entre lógica indutiva e dedutiva. Face à pergunta colocada no início desta investigação, podemos concluir que o marketing territorial se apresenta como uma ferramenta essencial para a criação de smart cities socialmente sustentáveis. Em Portugal e apesar deste estudo não poder ser considerado representativo da amostra do País, conseguimos identificar que as cidades aqui referidas estariam prontas e tinham todo um potencial enorme para se transformarem em smart cities socialmente sustentáveis através de um plano de marketing territorial.ABSTRACT: For cities to reach the level of smart city, it is not enough to have smart services, it is necessary to develop a whole differentiating strategy in which the citizen is at the centre of decisions, with the objective of making them happier in their area of residence and bringing them closer to new technologies. It is necessary to create innovative solutions to the problems faced by society, namely in the social axis of sustainability. The present study intends to approach territorial marketing as a tool in the planning of smart cities, posing the following starting question: What is the importance of territorial marketing in the creation of socially sustainable smart cities in Portugal? Through this question, it is intended to understand how Social Sustainability can influence Territorial Marketing strategies; Identify existing smart cities; Identify smart cities indicators; Understand how smart cities promote social sustainability; What are the territorial marketing strategies applied in smart cities. In terms of methodology, this study follows a paradigmatic interpretive stance, using the exploratory method through qualitative analysis. As a data collection instrument, semi-structured interviews were used, and the content analysis grid was built by a combination of inductive and deductive logic. Given the question posed at the beginning of this Study, we can conclude that territorial marketing is an essential tool for the creation of socially sustainable smart cities. In Portugal, although this study cannot be considered representative of the country's sample, we were able to identify that the cities mentioned here were ready and had enormous potential to become socially sustainable smart cities through a territorial marketing plan.N/

Componentes do preço e formas de comercialização da soja

Como o Brasil ocupa posição de destaque na produção de commodities agrícolas é de suma importância o entendimento de como este mercado comporta-se, desta forma o intuito deste trabalho e esclarecer alguns pontos relacionados à comercialização. O presente trabalho aborda vários aspectos da comercialização de soja, assim como os fatores que influenciam o mercado e os componentes do preço desta commodity. Vários pontos foram analisados para compor esta analise, sendo eles o mercado interno brasileiro, bolsa de valores de Chicago nos USA, Bolsa de Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo no Brasil (BM&F), ação das tradings como ABC, ADM, Bunge e Cargill, e pesquisa com produtores rurais da região de Uberlândia. Após toda analise de como os mercados se comportam, e de como os produtores reagem à estas oscilações, podemos concluir que a mescla das diferentes formas de negociação aumenta a competitividade do produtor. De acordo com o que foi dito tem-se que o presente trabalho é importante para orientação de produtores rurais, e melhor entendimento de comercialização da soja por parte de graduandos e mestres

De professor a formador : fronteiras entre as actividades

Trabalho de projecto de mestrado, Ciências da Educação (Formação de Adultos), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2011O presente trabalho tem como objectivo analisar a minha evolução enquanto profissional da educação, isto é, enquanto professora do ensino básico e secundário e formadora de jovens e adultos pouco escolarizados. Através da reflexão sobre a minha experiência adquirida, primeiro como professora depois como formadora, e da posterior comparação do meu percurso profissional ao de outros colegas com um percurso profissional semelhante ao meu, procuro identificar alguns elementos comuns a diferentes percursos. Para além disso, procuro também sistematizar a informação e os dados recolhidos em entrevistas, para tentar compreender como é que estes profissionais definem cada uma das suas actividades, o que comparam e o que transportam de uma para a outra, fazendo, desta forma, uma análise distanciada sobre as minhas próprias práticas profissionais. Procuro reunir elementos para responder às questões: como “se forma” o professor em formador? Quais as fronteiras entre as duas actividades? Para além dos elementos analisados em torno destas questões, exploro ainda algumas ideias sobre a percepção que estes profissionais têm do sistema educativo e da oferta educativa para jovens e para adultos em Portugal. Ao longo deste trabalho articulam-se os assuntos referidos nesta complexa reflexão profissional com uma reflexão teórica sobre as questões relacionadas com políticas internacionais e nacionais na base da temática da educação e formação de jovens e adultos pouco escolarizados, afunilando-se o olhar sobre este grande tema ao se abordarem questões relacionadas com os modelos educativos, até se chegar às questões ligadas à complexidade das funções do professor e do formador de jovens e de adultos pouco escolarizados. Assim, através do relato e da análise das experiências vividas pelos profissionais da educação e da relação estabelecida com esse quadro e com questões teóricas pertinentes, espero, para além da consolidação do meu aperfeiçoamento profissional, ajudar outros a construir um melhor entendimento desta realidade abordada, facilitando, em última análise, o desempenho da actividade do professor/ formador no século XXI.The aim of this paper is the analyses of my professional evolution as a teacher and as a trainer. Throughout a process of reflection about my professional experience in both jobs and relating it with the experience from other colleagues, I intent to learn more about common elements in these different paths. I also intent to analyze date gathered in interviews in order to understand how these professionals define each job, what they identify as being similar and different about them, and lastly, I’ll use this information to analyze my own professional practice. Therefore I’ll try to answer the following questions: how does a teacher learn to become a trainer? What are the frontiers between these two jobs? Besides I’ll also try to learn more about the ideas that these professionals have on the national system of education (especially middle and high school) and vocational educations for youths and adults with little formal education in Portugal. This complex reflection is linked to a theoretical reflection on matters related to international and national policies directed to youths and adults with little formal education, models of education and the different roles played by teachers and trainers. With all these reflections I hope to grow as a professional as well as to help others understanding and empowering their performances as teachers and trainers in the 21st century

The multi-compartment si(Rd) model with regime switching: An application to covid-19 pandemic

Grant No. 19-01-00451 UID/MAT/00297/2020We study—with existence and unicity results—a variant of the SIR model for an infectious disease incorporating both the possibility of a death outcome—in a short period of time—and a regime switch that can account for the mitigation measures used to control the spreading of the infections, such as a total lockdown. This model is parametrised by three parameters: the basic reproduction number, the mortality rate of the infected, and the duration of the disease. We discuss a particular example of application to Portuguese COVID-19 data in two short periods just after the start of the epidemic in 4 March 2020, with the first two cases dated that day. We propose a simple and effective method for the estimation of the main parameters of the disease, namely, the basic reproduction number and the mortality rate of the infected. We correct these estimated values to take into account the asymptomatic non-diagnosed members of the population. We compare the outcome of the model in the cases of the existence, or not, of a regime switch, and under three different scenarios, with a remarkable agreement between model and data deaths in the case of our basis scenario. In a final short remark, we deal with the existence of symmetries for the proposed model.publishersversionpublishe

Mortality from cervical cancer in Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2000-2010

Objective: To describe the death rate from cervical cancer in Santa Catarina State in the 2000-2010 period. Method: Descriptive population-based and data obtained from the SIM / DATASUS. Results: The total number of deaths from cervical cancer in Santa Catarina, in the period studied, was 1382, corresponding to a mortality rate ranging from 3.6 (2006) and 4.9 (year 2000) per 100,000 women. It was found that the lowest mortality rate referred to the age group of 20-29 years old and the highest after 40 years. Conclusions: The data pointed to a decrease of deaths in women from cervical cancer, during the study period, and showed that higher the age the higher the death rate

Aflatoxin M1 in Europe between 1990-2018

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a carcinogen metabolite that can be present in milk from lactating animals that consume aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated feed. AFM1, in addition to being hepatotoxic and causing carcinogenic effects, is relatively stable during milk pasteurization, storage and processing of various dairy products, which makes it a potential food contaminant. Consumption of dairy products has expanded rapidly over the past decade and, given the toxicity of this compound, its presence in milk and milk products poses a high risk to the health of the consumer. The occurrence of AFM1 in milk has been reported in many studies and considering the impact of AFM1 on human health and the economy, it is extremely important to study and understand the occurrence of this toxin in different countries of Europe over the years (from 1990-2018). The objective of this work was to study the trend of the occurrence of AFM1 in dairy products, including milk, cheese, butter and yogurt. To achieve this objective, an extensive literature search was made, in the databases Science Direct, Web of Sciences, Scopus and B-on, on quantitative AFM1 data, to evaluate the possible correlation between AFM1 concentration and sampling year, different types of milk products, applied heat treatment, and animal species' influences. For the study of heat treatment and animal species, only milk samples were considered. Data from 106 papers (representing 65,901 samples) were extracted and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0 statistical software. Data collected did not present homogeneity of variance nor followed a normal distribution. The discussion is based Welch and Brown-Forsythe's methods, followed by post hoc Games-Howell to evaluate differences betweens groups. Regarding the AFM1 distribution over the years, three decades were analyzed, 1990s (1990-1999), 2000s (2000-2009), and 2010s (2010-2018), and no significant differences were observed between the two last decades. On the other hand, it was observed a significant difference between the two last decades and the 1990´s decade, presenting the last decades the highest AFM1 levels. In what regards dairy products, milk and yogurt were statistically similar and were the groups with the lowest levels of AFM1. Contrarily, butter and cheese samples were statistically different, with butter samples presenting the highest AFM1 concentration, probably due to a mass concentration effect. Concerning animal species, significant differences were noticed between all species analyzed. Namely, cow milk samples were the samples presenting the highest AFM1 levels, while buffalo milk samples had the lowest AFM1 levels. Regarding heat treatment, no significant differences were observed between raw, pasteurized and UHT milk samples. This study revealed that the levels of AFM1 in the last two decades are higher than the 1990´s decade, and the concentration in butter and cheese samples is higher than in milk samples. Therefore, considering the importance of dairy products, special measures should be taken to protect feed from contamination with AFB1, since the final levels of AFM1 will depend on the initial levels at the primary production.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2019 unit. PR is grateful to FCT and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2019)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Gut-pancreas-liver axis as a target for treatment of nafld/nash

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common form of chronic liver disease worldwide. Due to its association with obesity and diabetes and the fall in hepatitis C virus morbidity, cirrhosis in NAFLD is becoming the most frequent indication to liver transplantation, but the pathogenetic mechanisms are still not completely understood. The so-called gut-liver axis has gained enormous interest when data showed that its alteration can lead to NAFLD development and might favor the occurrence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover, several therapeutic approaches targeting the gut-pancreas-liver axis, e.g., incretins, showed promising results in NASH treatment. In this review, we describe the role of incretin hormones in NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis and treatment and how metagenomic/metabolomic alterations in the gut microbiota can lead to NASH in the presence of gut barrier modifications favoring the passage of bacteria or bacterial products in the portal circulation, i.e., bacterial translocation.publishersversionpublishe

Clinical Education - a fundamental curricular unit for all health practitioners

Clinical education is recognized as being crucial for the training of health professionals. This subject is debated amongst teachers, students and professionals. Besides the clinical and research skills, we look for other competencies such as oratory, creative thinking or leadership. We present the results of a study with 4th graders. It’s a exploratory study; the main purpose was to evaluate the outcomes of a unit of clinical education prepared according a new set of competencies and methodologies. The competencies were seen as valuable. Organization, leading or supporting a colleague, rethinking a program to serve client and family are equally important.A educação clínica é reconhecida como uma unidade crucial na formação dos profissionais de saúde. Este assunto tem sido debatido por professores, alunos e profissionais. Além das competências clínicas e de investigação, procuram-se agora outras: a oratória, pensamento critico e criativo ou a liderança. Apresentamos os resultados de um estudo com alunos finalistas. É um estudo cujo objectivo principal pretendia avaliar os resultados da unidade duma educação clínica preparada segundo um conjunto determinado de competências e metodologias. As competências e metodologias foram consideradas válidas. Organização, liderança, o repensar um programa para servir utente e família foram vistas como igualmente importantes