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Promoting positive communication environments: a service evaluation.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an evaluation of a programme of training and support provided to staff, which aimed to encourage supported communication environments for people with learning disabilities.
Design/methodology/approach
Training, monitoring and support for communication, specifically augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies, was provided by speech and language therapy staff to two residential services over 46 weeks. Staff and service user communications were observed pre- and post-intervention.
Findings
In one provision there was an increase in service user initiations and the use of some AAC strategies by support staff. In the other provision there was no change in service user initiations and a decrease in the range of AAC strategies used. It appears that some forms for AAC remain challenging for staff to implement.
Originality/value
This evaluation explores ways of using specialist support services to improve communication environments for people with learning difficulties. Possible reasons for differences in the outcome of the intervention are discussed. Future research into the types of communication interactions experienced by people with learning disabilities across the range of communication styles may be useful so that support staff can be better helped to provide sustained and enriched communication environments
PO and PN in the wind of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tau
Phosphorus-bearing compounds have only been studied in the circumstellar
environments (CSEs) of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star IRC +10216 and
the protoplanetary nebula CRL 2688, both C-rich objects, and the O-rich red
supergiant VY CMa. The current chemical models cannot reproduce the high
abundances of PO and PN derived from observations of VY CMa. No observations
have been reported of phosphorus in the CSEs of O-rich AGB stars. We aim to set
observational constraints on the phosphorous chemistry in the CSEs of O-rich
AGB stars, by focussing on the Mira-type variable star IK Tau. Using the IRAM
30m telescope and the Submillimeter Array (SMA), we observed four rotational
transitions of PN (J=2-1,3-2,6-5,7-6) and four of PO
(J=5/2-3/2,7/2-5/2,13/2-11/2,15/2-13/2). The IRAM 30m observations were
dedicated line observations, while the SMA data come from an unbiased spectral
survey in the frequency range 279-355 GHz.
We present the first detections of PN and PO in an O-rich AGB star and
estimate abundances X(PN/H2) of about 3x10^-7 and X(PO/H2) in the range
0.5-6.0x10^-7. This is several orders of magnitude higher than what is found
for the C-rich AGB star IRC +10216. The diameter (<=0.7") of the PN and PO
emission distributions measured in the interferometric data corresponds to a
maximum radial extent of about 40 stellar radii. The abundances and the spatial
occurrence of the molecules are in very good agreement with the results
reported for VY CMa. We did not detect PS or PH3 in the survey. We suggest that
PN and PO are the main carriers of phosphorus in the gas phase, with abundances
possibly up to several 10^-7. The current chemical models cannot account for
this, underlining the strong need for updated chemical models that include
phosphorous compounds.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 10 pages, 8
figure
Mode of Coordination of Isonitroso Group of 4-Iminopentane-2,3-dione-3-oxime in Cu(II) Complexes
507-50
Unified Power Flow Controller to Control Reactive Power
The developing countries use thyritor, GTO, IGBT, MOSFET, and many other electronic device. These are use for switching devices because its initial cost is low. The switching device are mechanical and then operating signal are sent to circuit where final control action take place, these are the slow process. Another problem are also associated with mechanical switch that it cannot control frequently[2]. To reduced this problem use in FACTS technology. It is developed in 1990. It can also use series and shunt condition. It is power electronic based and static device such as Thyristors, Gate turn offs(GTO), Insulated gate bipolar transistors(IGBT), Insulated Gate Commutated thyristors (IGCT),they can be controlled very fast as well as different control algorithms adapted to various situations[5]. The FACTS technology is use for controlling the both types of powers and enhancing the USAble capacity of present transmission systems[6]. It has increase line capacity .The ability of FACTS controllers to adjust the power system electrical parameters including series and shunt impedances, current, voltage, phase angle, and the damping oscillations etc. The FACTS devices has various power electronics devices [1]
Power Flow analysis by Unified Power Flow Controller
It is very important to control the power flow along the transmission line. Thus to control and improve the performance of ac power systems, we need the various different types compensators Now-a-days the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) is very popular and essential device in power systems. After introducing the FACTS technology, power flow along the transmission lines becomes more flexible and controllable. Several FACTS-devices have been introduced for various applications in power system. Among a variety of FACTS controllers, Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is the most powerful and versatile device
Eikenella Corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus co-infection causing skull base osteomyelitis and internal carotid artery lesion
© 2020 The Author(s) A 35-year-old male presented with headaches and fevers. MRI of his head showed skull-based infection of the clivus extended to the right internal carotid artery. Blood and sinus cultures were positive for Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus. He had intravenous antibiotics and sinus washout. The patient had full neurological recovery following this
Experimental observation of extreme multistability in an electronic system of two coupled R\"{o}ssler oscillators
We report the first experimental observation of extreme multistability in a
controlled laboratory investigation. Extreme multistability arises when
infinitely many attractors coexist for the same set of system parameters. The
behavior was predicted earlier on theoretical grounds, supported by numerical
studies of models of two coupled identical or nearly identical systems. We
construct and couple two analog circuits based on a modified coupled
R\"{o}ssler system and demonstrate the occurrence of extreme multistability
through a controlled switching to different attractor states purely through a
change in initial conditions for a fixed set of system parameters. Numerical
studies of the coupled model equations are in agreement with our experimental
findings.Comment: to be published in Phys. Rev.
A duality relation for fluid spacetime
We consider the electromagnetic resolution of gravitational field. We show
that under the duality transformation, in which active and passive electric
parts of the Riemann curvature are interchanged, a fluid spacetime in comoving
coordinates remains invariant in its character with density and pressure
transforming, while energy flux and anisotropic pressure remaining unaltered.
Further if fluid admits a barotropic equation of state,
where , which will transform to . Clearly the stiff fluid and dust are dual to each-other
while , will go to flat spacetime. However the n and the deSitter ) universes ar e self-dual.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX version, Accepted in Classical Quantum Gravity as a
Lette
Dust-forming molecules in VY Canis Majoris (and Betelgeuse)
The formation of inorganic dust in circumstellar environments of evolved
stars is poorly understood. Spectra of molecules thought to be most important
for the nucleation, i.e. AlO, TiO, and TiO2, have been recently detected in the
red supergiant VY CMa. These molecules are effectively formed in VY CMa and the
observations suggest that non-equilibrium chemistry must be involved in their
formation and nucleation into dust. In addition to exploring the recent
observations of VY CMa, we briefly discuss the possibility of detecting these
molecules in the dust-poor circumstellar environment of Betelgeuse.Comment: contribution to Betelgeuse Workshop 2012: "The physics of Red
Supergiants: recent advances and open questions", 26-29 Nov 2012 Paris
(France
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