A study on renal stone about factors influencing its formation clinical scenario and urinary findings among adults aged 21-60 years in Saurashtra region

Background: Saurashtra is claimed to be ‘stone belt’, even though there is paucity of epidemiological work on this issue; keeping in mind about this problem that ails most parts of the Saurashtra region, which is correctable and preventable, this study was undertaken.Methods: Radiologically diagnosed 100 patients with renal stone were enrolled and interviewed through a proforma approved by institutional ethical committee to study risk factors, clinical scenario, and urinary findings. Urine samples were collected from all the participants of the study and analyzed for the presence of crystals, red blood cells, pus cells as well as urine pH. Data was analyzed with help of EpiInfo™ 7 (CDC Atlanta).Results: Prevalence of renal stone was higher in males (72%); common in age group of 21-35 years. Common findings were recurrent flank pain (81%), gross hematuria (59 %) and renal colic (51%). Familial history (p<0.004), improper water drinking habit (p<0.002), lack of diet modification (p<0.001) according to stone type and stone analysis were found probable causes for the recurrence of stone. Calcium oxalate (75%) stone being the commonest followed by calcium phosphate (15%) and uric acid (7%).Conclusions: Results from this study can be applied in the clinical setting with the goal of reducing the likelihood of stone formation. Preventive measures such as change in diet, drinking behavior when properly addressed can ameliorate the situation in many patients with kidney stone. There is a great scope and role in finding crystals in urine with patients of kidney stone such as checking their compliance, guiding dietary therapy when stone analysis in not available, setting up an screening criteria and diagnosis of renal stone in remote settings where radio-logical investigations are not available

Epidemiological characteristics of renal stone patients age (21-60) and barriers in their dietary modification in Saurashtra Region

Background: Dietary factors remain an entity attributed to a kidney stone and thus renal stone becomes more of a 'lifestyle' disease relying more on prevention for its amelioration than advanced and specific treatment modalities. Although there are various studies conducted in past to show importance of dietary modification in patient with kidney stone , no single study was conducted to identify perceived barriers in dietary modification by patient. Methods: Through this population based cross-sectional study, a total of 50 patients with a radiologically diagnosed ‘case’ of renal stone were enrolled in the study and interviewed through proforma approved by institutional ethical committee to study patients characteristics and perceived barriers in dietary modification. Data were analyzed with help of Epi Info™ 7 (CDC Atlanta).Results: Kidney stone prevalence is higher in men (66%) in compare to females and common with age group 31-40 years. Hindu caste (82%), low socioeconomic status (76%), and education less than 8th (42%) and not aware of need (62%) were common characteristics among them. Not clearly informed about benefits of Diet modification (54%) and Don't Remember (42%) constituted common barriers.Conclusions: Along with educating them regarding kidney stone disease it is important to identify all barriers at individualize level because motivating patients with kidney stones to maintain behavior for recommended diet, first requires an understanding of the factors influencing this behavior and approach should be tailored for individual patient.

Heart Beat Monitoring And Wireless Data Logging Using Arm Cortex A8

Increasing importance in monitoring and logging the real time patient’s related data has led to the development of a new wireless data acquisition system. The basic concept presented in this paper is that we have made one type of wireless data logger[1] system using arm platform which is logging the real time heartbeat[2] data in one text file it is give the heartbeat rate with respect to time. Here we use UDOO[8] development board, UDOO is a single-board computer development platform that merges a dual or quad core ARM Free scale Cortex-A9 i.MX.6 CPU and an Arduino[4] compatible board embedded with a dedicated ARM Atmel SAM3X8E CPU. Physical data is converted in to the electrical form using Arduino UNO R3 and after processing these data it will be transmitted by the RFM. Same way at receiver side one RFM device is required to receive the data which was transmitted by the transmitter. Once the data is received, these data will be given to UDOO board. In UDOO board the data is processed and the data will be monitored on LCD or DVI Monitor

A Collaborative Approach of Frequent Item Set Mining

Summary Data mining defines hidden pattern in data sets and association between the patterns. In data mining, association rule mining is key techniques for discovering useful patterns from large collection of data. Frequent iemset mining is a step of association rule mining. Frequent itemset mining is used to gather itemsets after discovering association rules. In this paper, we have explained fundamentals of frequent itemset mining. We have defined present&apos;s techniques for frequent item set mining. From the large variety of capable algorithms that have been established we will compare the most important ones. We will organize the algorithms and investigate their run time performance

First reported case of concurrent sonidegib and radiotherapy for recurrent, advanced basal cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC ) is the most common human malignancy. Systemic therapy with a sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway inhibitor plays an important role in the treatment of advanced BCC . Literature on concurrent use of radiation therapy (RT) with SHH inhibitors has been minimal and has solely been focused on vismodegib. We present a case report of a patient with recurrent basal cell carcinoma involving the high-risk area of the face, who was denied surgery due to comorbidities and difficulty in obtaining complete tumor removal without cosmetic or functional impairment. The patient received combined treatment of fractionated radiation with concurrent sonidegib and had complete clinical response with no significant toxicities. This is the first reported case on the use of concurrent RT with sonidegib for management of recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Compact Wideband Four Element Optically Transparent MIMO Antenna for mm-Wave 5G Applications

A four-element compact wide-band optically transparent MIMO antenna with a full ground plane is proposed. The four elements transparent MIMO system has a compact size of 24x20 mm(2) with the undivided ground plane as most of the real-time systems demand a common reference. The complete antenna system achieves around 85% transparency due to a combination of AgHT-8 and Plexiglas which forms the transparent conductive patch/ground and substrate, respectively. The antenna geometry leads dual-band operation ranging from 24.10 - 27.18 GHz (Impedance bandwidth D 12%) and 33 - 44.13 GHz (Impedance bandwidth D 28.86%) targeting the mm-wave 5G applications. The 4-element antenna system achieves isolation between inter-elements &gt; 16 dB and maximum gain value of greater than 3 dBi with more than 75% efficiency. The proposed transparent MIMO antenna is evaluated in terms of diversity gain (DG), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and mean effective gain (MEG) where decent MIMO performance with isolation more than &gt;16 dB between the adjacent and other elements is achieved. Transparent MIMO antenna achieves directional patterns for the operating band with the value of DG &gt; 9, ECC &lt; 0.1, TARC value less than and the ratio of MEG within the agreed limit of +/- 3 dB conforming acceptable MIMO/diversity performance

Aperture-Fed Quad-Port Dual-Band Dielectric Resonator-MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G and WLAN Application

A four-port dielectric resonator-based connected ground multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is designed. The presented antenna was excited through the aperture feeding technique. The dual bands are achieved by optimally feeding the rectangular dielectric resonator through engineered triangular slots. The antenna has operating modes of TE111X and TE111Y at 4.5 GHz and 5 GHz, respectively. It presents a 2 : 1 VSWR bandwidth of 2.64% (4.48 GHz-4.60 GHz) and 1.2% (4.96 GHz-5.04 GHz) in the lower and upper bands, respectively. The edge-to-edge distance between array elements is around 7.5 mm. The single antenna dimension is 30 mm x 30 mm, whereas the four-port antenna dimension is 60 mm x 60 mm. The optimum isolation was achieved by carefully placing the antenna elements on the substrate through multiple iterations. The antenna provides port isolation better than 20 dB at both resonances with full ground profile. The advantage of the antenna is that it provides fair antenna and MIMO parameters without additional isolation techniques. The antenna has efficiency in order of 88.02% and 86.31%. The peak gain is 7.67 dBi and 8.32 dBi at 4.5 GHz and 5 GHz, respectively. The optimum envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is 0.037, channel capacity coss (CCL) is 0.2 bits/sec/Hz, diversity gain (DG) is 9.99 dB, and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) is -18.87. The antenna elements are orthogonally placed with adequate separation to achieve polarization diversity and spatial diversity. The antenna provides the utilization in Sub-6 GHz 5G and WLAN communication applications

Imaging of bronchial pathology in antibody deficiency: Data from the European Chest CT Group

Studies of chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with primary antibody deficiency syndromes (ADS) suggest a broad range of bronchial pathology. However, there are as yet no multicentre studies to assess the variety of bronchial pathology in this patient group. One of the underlying reasons is the lack of a consensus methodology, a prerequisite to jointly document chest CT findings. We aimed to establish an international platform for the evaluation of bronchial pathology as assessed by chest CT and to describe the range of bronchial pathologies in patients with antibody deficiency. Ffteen immunodeficiency centres from 9 countries evaluated chest CT scans of patients with ADS using a predefined list of potential findings including an extent score for bronchiectasis. Data of 282 patients with ADS were collected. Patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) comprised the largest subgroup (232 patients, 82.3%). Eighty percent of CVID patients had radiological evidence of bronchial pathology including bronchiectasis in 61%, bronchial wall thickening in 44% and mucus plugging in 29%. Bronchiectasis was detected in 44% of CVID patients aged less than 20 years. Cough was a better predictor for bronchiectasis than spirometry values. Delay of diagnosis as well as duration of disease correlated positively with presence of bronchiectasis. The use of consensus diagnostic criteria and a pre-defined list of bronchial pathologies allows for comparison of chest CT data in multicentre studies. Our data suggest a high prevalence of bronchial pathology in CVID due to late diagnosis or duration of disease

ncRNA Targeting CSF-1 and CSF1R Expression in Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cells

Various sense ncRNA transcripts targeting nucleolin and vigilin, and shRNA transcripts targeting CSF-1 and c-fms mRNAs were introduced into Hey ovarian cancer and BT20 breast cancer cell lines to measure their influence on CSF1R and CSF1 protein expression. In BT20 cells transcripts c-fms-C-rich 104-S, c-fms-(CS-rCS), and c-fms-Py-S were found to downregulate CSF1R expression. In BT20 cells transcripts CSF-1-Exon-10-356-S and CSF-1 (CS-rCS) were found to have a downregulatory effect on CSF1 expression while transcript CSF-1-5'UTR-420-S was found to upregulate CSF1 expression. In Hey cells transcript CSF-1-3'UTR-AS-Pyrimidine was found to downregulate CSF1 expression while transcript CSF-1mRNA-Variant-4-5'UTR was found to have upregulate CSF1 expression. Also in Hey cells, both transcripts c-fms C-rich-104-S and c-fms-Py-S were found to upregulate CSF1R expression. These results indicate that ncRNAs are able to have a regulatory effect on CSF1 and CSF1R expression but also suggest that the mechanism of regulation is complex. Furthermore, the complex mechanism makes it difficult to predict if the transcript will have its intended effect. We concluded that differences in baseline RNA binding protein concentrations and other regulatory mechanisms, such as microRNAs, account for the conflicting results between the BT20 and Hey cell lines when comparing the same inserted transcript