Locating, Analyzing and Making Available a Century of 4-H Research Studies, 1911-2011

For years, 4-H has emphasized the value of being a research-based youth organization in its long term association with the land-grant university system.  But, it was the general consensus among state and national leaders that the program had no research base. The main objectives of this study were to: locate and document research studies conducted (between 1911-2010) in order to support or dispel notions about the lack of 4-H research and its focus on cows and cooking, to make information about the research studies available to the larger community of youth program practitioners and researchers and provide a general review of research topics by decade. Three thousand five hundred and fifty six studies were found over a thirteen year period and only one percent of these related to “cows or cooking.” To make the data available to current and future youth professionals and researchers, the information about each study was transferred to an Internet web-site. Finally, a full century of research topics were summarized

Thirty years of preserving, discovering, and accessing U.S. agricultural information: Past progress and current challenges

This paper describes past preservation efforts with agricultural literature in the United States, as well as current projects, challenges, and trends. Starting in the early 1990s, preservation of U.S. historical agricultural publications experienced a period of coordinated scholarly evaluation and funding. In 1993 the combined efforts of the United States Agricultural Information Network and librarians at Cornell University's Albert R. Mann Library produced the National Preservation Program for Agricultural Literature. It was an ambitious effort to save the nation's historical print-agricultural literature from deterioration. This effort ranged from nationally significant scholarly works, such as the Core Historical Literature of Agriculture, to significant state and local literature. A multiphase project on state and local literature was funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH). Later, in the wake of the nation's financial crisis of 2008, NEH-sponsored funding ended and staffing levels in many libraries declined as the large-scale digitization of library collections was being undertaken by Microsoft and Google. With the advent of HathiTrust Digital Library and other collaborative efforts, the challenges and opportunities for preserving and accessing the nation's agricultural literature have evolved and changed dramatically. Today, new partnerships and initiatives around the country, such as the Center for Research Libraries–sponsored Project Ceres, are continuing and refocusing earlier efforts

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Targeting the oral microbiome Part 2: Current knowledge on malignant and potentially malignant oral disorders.

Objective: The World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII chose the oral microbiome as a focus area. Part 1 presents the methodological state of the science for oral microbiome studies. Part 2 was guided by the question: What is currently known about the microbiome associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa?. Materials and Methods: A scoping review methodology was followed to identify and analyse relevant studies on the composition and potential functions of the oral microbiota using high-throughput sequencing techniques. The authors performed searches in PubMed and EMBASE. After removal of duplicates, a total of 239 potentially studies were identified. Results: Twenty-three studies on oral squamous cell carcinoma, two on oral leukoplakia and four on oral lichen planus were included with substantial differences in diagnostic criteria, sample type, region sequenced and sequencing method utilised. The majority of studies focused on bacterial identification and recorded statistically significant differences in the oral microbiota associated with health and disease. However, even when comparing studies of similar methodology, the microbial differences between health and disease varied considerably. No consensus on the composition of the microbiomes associated with these conditions on genus and species level could be obtained. Six studies on oral squamous cell carcinoma had included in silico predicted microbial functions (genes and/or pathways) and found some similarities between the studies. Conclusions: Attempts to reveal the microbiome associated with oral mucosal diseases are still in its infancy, and the studies demonstrate significant clinical and methodological heterogeneity across disease categories. The immense richness and diversity of the microbiota clearly illustrate that there is a need for additional methodologically comparable studies utilising deep sequencing approaches in significant cohorts of subjects together with functional analyses. Our hope is that following the recipe as outlined in our preceding companion paper, that is Part 1, will enhance achieving this in the future and elucidate the role of the oral microbiome in oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa

USAIN Oral History Interview with Amy Paster

Interview of Amy Paster by Leslie Delserone on 11 December 2019. Video recording.The U.S. Agricultural Information Network, or USAIN, Oral History Special Project, launched during USAIN’s 30th year to document USAIN’s history as experienced through its members and close affiliates. The goal is to document personal memories, experiences, and perspectives of the impact of this professional organization. Interview of Amy Paster by Leslie Delserone on 11 December 2019. Video recording.1_kpv25vm

Assessing Reference: Using the Wisconsin-Ohio Reference Evaluation Program in an Academic Science Library

The Pennsylvania State University Life Sciences Library conducted the Wisconsin-Ohio Reference Evaluation Program survey in October 2005. The results of the survey indicated that the desk personnel do an average job in fulfilling the library user's expectations. Known-item questions were handled well but non-known questions need additional training to ensure patrons are not receiving too much information. This project raised a number of questions concerning user satisfaction and library type. It is hoped that this article can serve as the baseline for future research in the evaluation of science reference question transactions and patron satisfaction

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Targeting the oral microbiome Part 2 : Current knowledge on malignant and potentially malignant oral disorders

Objective: The World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII chose the oral microbiome as a focus area. Part 1 presents the methodological state of the science for oral microbiome studies. Part 2 was guided by the question: What is currently known about the microbiome associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa?. Materials and Methods: A scoping review methodology was followed to identify and analyse relevant studies on the composition and potential functions of the oral microbiota using high-throughput sequencing techniques. The authors performed searches in PubMed and EMBASE. After removal of duplicates, a total of 239 potentially studies were identified. Results: Twenty-three studies on oral squamous cell carcinoma, two on oral leukoplakia and four on oral lichen planus were included with substantial differences in diagnostic criteria, sample type, region sequenced and sequencing method utilised. The majority of studies focused on bacterial identification and recorded statistically significant differences in the oral microbiota associated with health and disease. However, even when comparing studies of similar methodology, the microbial differences between health and disease varied considerably. No consensus on the composition of the microbiomes associated with these conditions on genus and species level could be obtained. Six studies on oral squamous cell carcinoma had included in silico predicted microbial functions (genes and/or pathways) and found some similarities between the studies. Conclusions: Attempts to reveal the microbiome associated with oral mucosal diseases are still in its infancy, and the studies demonstrate significant clinical and methodological heterogeneity across disease categories. The immense richness and diversity of the microbiota clearly illustrate that there is a need for additional methodologically comparable studies utilising deep sequencing approaches in significant cohorts of subjects together with functional analyses. Our hope is that following the recipe as outlined in our preceding companion paper, that is Part 1, will enhance achieving this in the future and elucidate the role of the oral microbiome in oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa