Places in the Architecture of Machado and Silvetti

The strategies of placemaking developed during the late seventies and implemented in the early eighties have proven insufficient to grapple with many of the irregularities of the contemporary metropolis. So while contextualism, collage, and other formalist design tools have been viable means for architects to reintegrate the fabric of pedestrian cities, such a fabric simply never existed in many American cities, particularly at their periphery. Ed. note: The featured project is by Machado and Silvetti Associates

Human Streptococcus agalactiae Isolate in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Streptococcus agalactiae, the Lancefield group B streptococcus (GBS) long recognized as a mammalian pathogen, is an emerging concern with regard to fish. We show that a GBS serotype Ia multilocus sequence type ST-7 isolate from a clinical case of human neonatal meningitis caused disease and death in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Establishing bacterial infectivity models in striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage) with Edwardsiella ictaluri

A bacterial infectivity challenge model of Edwardsiella ictaluri in striped catfish was developed. All experiments were conducted using a bacterial isolate of E. ictaluri that had been recovered during a natural outbreak of bacillary necrosis of Pangasianodon (BNP) in farmed striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus in Vietnam. Time of immersion in 107 CFU.ml−1 had a significant effect on mortality. The immersion bacterial dose of 107 CFU/ml for 30 s resulted in a cumulative percentage mortality of 63%. Three to four days post‐bacterial challenge, fish showed gross clinical signs of natural BNP and E. ictaluri was recovered and identified from these fish. Moreover, a cohabitation challenge was evaluated as an alternative challenge method, although the mortalities among the infected fish were lower at around 15%–40%. This study confirmed the horizontal transmission of E. ictaluri in striped catfish and elucidated that cohabitation challenge could be used in reproducing the disease under controlled conditions

Mastering the Hard Stuff: The History of College Concrete-Canoe Races and the Growth of Engineering Competition Culture

This article details the history of college engineering competitions, originating with student concrete-canoe racing in the 1970s, through today’s multi-million-dollar international multiplicity of challenges. Despite initial differences between engineering educators and industry supporters over the ultimate purpose of undergraduate competitions, these events thrived because they evolved to suit many needs of students, professors, schools, corporations, professional associations, and the engineering profession itself. The twenty-first-century proliferation of university-level competitions in turn encouraged a trickling-down of technical contests to elementary-age children and high schools, fostering the institutionalization of what might be called a competition culture in engineering

Plasma matrix metalloproteinases in neonates having surgery for congenital heart disease

During cardiopulmonary-bypass matrix-metalloproteinases released may contribute to ventricular dysfunction. This study was to determine plasma matrix-metalloproteinases in neonates after cardiopulmonary-bypass and their relation to post-operative course. A prospective observational study included 18 neonates having cardiac surgery. Plasma matrix-metalloproteinases-2 and 9 activities were measured by gelatin-zymography pre-operatively, on starting cardiopulmonarybypass, 7–8 min after aortic cross-clamp release, and 1h, 4h, 24h, and 3d after cardiopulmonary-bypass. Plasma concentrations of their tissue inhibitors 1 and 2 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cardiac function was assessed by serial echocardiography. Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon tests were used to assess temporal changes, and linear correlation with simultaneous clinical and cardiac function parameters were assessed using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. Plasma matrix-metalloproteinases activities and their tissue inhibitor concentrations decreased during cardiopulmonary-bypass. Matrix-metalloproteinase-2 plasma activity increased progressively starting 1h after cardiopulmonarybypass and returned to pre-operative levels at 24h. Matrix-metalloproteinase-9 plasma activity increased significantly after release of aortic cross-clamp, peaked 7–8min later, and returned to baseline at 24h. Plasma tissueinhibitor 1 and 2 concentrations increased 1h after cardiopulmonary-bypass. Cardiac function improved from 4h to 3d after surgery (p<0.05). There was no evidence of significant correlations between matrix-metalloproteinases or their inhibitors and cardiac function, inotrope scores, organ dysfunction scores, ventilation days, or hospital days. The temporal profile of plasma matrix-metalloproteinases and their inhibitors after cardiopulmonary-bypass in neonates are similar to adults. In neonates, further study should determine whether circulating matrix-metalloproteinases are useful biomarkers of disease activity locally within the myocardium, and hence of clinical outcomes

Four new species of the genus Gnypeta Thomson, 1858 from the Oriental Region (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)

Volume: 109Start Page: 705End Page: 71

Brutal Realities

This presentation examines the changing tide around the reception of Brutalism in the United States during the last decade, while questioning how that change will impact our treatment of concrete buildings in the future. As concrete modernism comes into more positive focus today, will attitudes toward the future of these buildings in the architecture and preservation communities readjust? Should such structures be preserved or conserved, adapted or transformed? And how important is it to be responsive to original intentions and elements of significance? A conservation management plan for Boston City Hall is presented as a case study in which careful management of change is rooted in an understanding of the structure’s intentions, history, and significance

An outbreak of furunculosis at a fish farm : the diagnosis, control, and prevention of systemic Aeromonas salmonicida infection

Senior seminar (D.V.M.) -- Cornell University, 1999. Includes bibliographical references (leaf [7]).The following is a case of fish disease that occurred mid-September 1998 in Canada. The site manager of an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fish farm called a fish veterinarian to report his concerns. These concerns included gradually increasing mortalities in three of his eight seawater fish pens over the past two weeks. Normally, he expected to have an average of 10 mortalities per day per pen, but the number had increased to an average of 40. He said that the affected fish were lethargic, anorexic, and had a dark body color. The site manager was also worried, because a fish farm one mile away was reportedly having disease problems. Because this histoiy was vague and not indicative of any specific disease, a visit to the farm was scheduled. The fish farm was located on a southern bay of Newfoundland. This is a center for salmonid aquaculture, because it has proper water temperatures and good tidal movement to flush away organic matter produced by the fish. The farm itself had eight polar circle pens with nets extending to 20 feet in depth. Each pen included 10-15 thousand fish, which had been hatched in a single freshwater hatchery in the spring on 1997. They were transferred to this saltwater site in the spring of 1998 for growout to a weight of 5-8 pounds. This population had not suffered any serious outbreaks of disease in that time and had not been exposed to antibiotic treatment

Architecture in detail : Materials

Singapore190 p.; illus.; 28 cm