A novel mechanical analogy based battery model for SoC estimation using a multi-cell EKF

The future evolution of technological systems dedicated to improve energy efficiency will strongly depend on effective and reliable Energy Storage Systems, as key components for Smart Grids, microgrids and electric mobility. Besides possible improvements in chemical materials and cells design, the Battery Management System is the most important electronic device that improves the reliability of a battery pack. In fact, a precise State of Charge (SoC) estimation allows the energy flows controller to exploit better the full capacity of each cell. In this paper, we propose an alternative definition for the SoC, explaining the rationales by a mechanical analogy. We introduce a novel cell model, conceived as a series of three electric dipoles, together with a procedure for parameters estimation relying only on voltage measures and a given current profile. The three dipoles represent the quasi-stationary, the dynamics and the istantaneous components of voltage measures. An Extended Kalman Filer (EKF) is adopted as a nonlinear state estimator. Moreover, we propose a multi-cell EKF system based on a round-robin approach to allow the same processing block to keep track of many cells at the same time. Performance tests with a prototype battery pack composed by 18 A123 cells connected in series show encouraging results.Comment: 8 page, 12 figures, 1 tabl

Continuous non-destructive monitoring of cell health using impedance based interdigitated electrode structured sensors

This article examines some preliminary tests which were performed in order to evaluate the best electrode configuration (width and spacing) for cell culture analyses. Biochips packaged with indium tin oxide (ITO) interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) were used to perform impedance measurements on A549 cells cultured on the surface of the biochip. Several tests were carried out using a 10 mM solution of Sodium Chloride (NaCl), cell medium and the cell culture itself to characterize some of the configurations already fabricated in the facilities at Tyndall National Institute

Análisis de la enseñanza de la geometría en una escuela secundaria argentina

Se presenta una síntesis de los resultados de la investigación que se llevó a cabo durante el año 2008 en una escuela secundaria situada en el sur de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. El equipo estuvo conformado por docentes, estudiantes y graduados recientes del Profesorado en Matemática, que se cursa en el mismo establecimiento en el turno vespertino. Se hallaron evidencias que permitieron confrontar los hallazgos con las hipótesis, así como dilucidar emergentes que podrían constituirse en futuras posibilidades de trabajo conjunto

The DREAM Act and DACA: A History of Immigrant Children

This thesis writes the history of the Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM ACT) and the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). Chapter One gives a background history on immigration reforms in the 20th century. Chapter Two focuses on the history of the Development, Relief and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM Act). Chapter Three is the immigrant children story. This chapter is an oral history. My main argument is immigrants have always been and still are, easy targets. Politicians create immigrants as scapegoats in order to avoid the social, political, cultural, and economic issues that are affecting people on both sides of the border. They divert attention in order not to deal with the real problems. The DREAM Act 2007 debate clearly shows the arguments of those who are in favor and those who are opposed. Those who are opposed make the argument that undocumented children do not deserve a path to citizenship because they are dangerous, criminals, and are taking Americans’ jobs. What many senators forget is that children immigrating to the U.S. is not new. This has happened for many decades and there is no law in the U.S that protects them or helps them gain citizenship. Senators that are in favor of the DREAM Act argue that these are children that immigrated, and they did not make the choice to come to this country and should not be punished. However, this debate it clearly shows the political usage of immigrant children. How is it that they are going to help the United States? How is the United States going to benefit from having them in the country

Um estudo sobre a digitação a partir da peça Caleta el Membrillo para violão de Guillermo Rifo

O presente trabalho trata da digitação ao violão como um processo com diferentes instâncias, as quais contribuem para a tomada de decisões interpretativas e sua fundamentação. A digitação grafada existe desde os primórdios da história do violão, mas, comparada com a técnica instrumental, sua abordagem analítica resulta escassa. A partir da revisão de literatura sobre o tema, construí um referencial teórico e prático que serviu para digitar a obra “Caleta el Membrillo” do compositor chileno Guillermo Rifo (2012) de forma sistemática, a qual se apresentava sem digitações grafadas. Após analisar diversos trechos musicais e propor diferentes soluções digitais para cada um, dentro dos marcos preestabelecidos, grafei a partitura final com as minhas escolhas.This work deals with guitar fingerings as a process with different phases which help prepare for and establish interpretative decisions. Printed fingerings exist since the beginning of the history of the guitar. However, when compared to instrumental technique, this analytical approach remains scarce. After presenting a review of current literature on the subject, I built a theoretical and practical framework that served to provide fingering choices for the work “Caleta el Membrillo” by Guillermo Rifo (2012) in a systematic way. This piece had no printed fingerings. After analyzing several musical passages and offering different fingering solutions for them, within preestablished limits, I propose and present a final version with my fingering choices

Um estudo sobre a digitação a partir da peça Caleta el Membrillo para violão de Guillermo Rifo

O presente trabalho trata da digitação ao violão como um processo com diferentes instâncias, as quais contribuem para a tomada de decisões interpretativas e sua fundamentação. A digitação grafada existe desde os primórdios da história do violão, mas, comparada com a técnica instrumental, sua abordagem analítica resulta escassa. A partir da revisão de literatura sobre o tema, construí um referencial teórico e prático que serviu para digitar a obra “Caleta el Membrillo” do compositor chileno Guillermo Rifo (2012) de forma sistemática, a qual se apresentava sem digitações grafadas. Após analisar diversos trechos musicais e propor diferentes soluções digitais para cada um, dentro dos marcos preestabelecidos, grafei a partitura final com as minhas escolhas.This work deals with guitar fingerings as a process with different phases which help prepare for and establish interpretative decisions. Printed fingerings exist since the beginning of the history of the guitar. However, when compared to instrumental technique, this analytical approach remains scarce. After presenting a review of current literature on the subject, I built a theoretical and practical framework that served to provide fingering choices for the work “Caleta el Membrillo” by Guillermo Rifo (2012) in a systematic way. This piece had no printed fingerings. After analyzing several musical passages and offering different fingering solutions for them, within preestablished limits, I propose and present a final version with my fingering choices