Effect of long-term exposure to mobile phone radiation on alpha-Int1 gene sequence of Candida albicans

AbstractOver the last decade, communication industries have witnessed a tremendous expansion, while, the biological effects of electromagnetic waves have not been fully elucidated. Current study aimed at evaluating the mutagenic effect of long-term exposure to 900-MHz radiation on alpha-Int1 gene sequences of Candida albicans. A standard 900MHz radiation generator was used for radiation. 10ml volumes from a stock suspension of C. albicans were transferred into 10 polystyrene tubes. Five tubes were exposed at 4°C to a fixed magnitude of radiation with different time periods of 10, 70, 210, 350 and 490h. The other 5 tubes were kept far enough from radiation. The samples underwent genomic DNA extraction. PCR amplification of alpha-Int1 gene sequence was done using one set of primers. PCR products were resolved using agarose gel electrophoresis and the nucleotide sequences were determined. All samples showed a clear electrophoretic band around 441bp and further sequencing revealed the amplified DNA segments are related to alpha-Int1 gene of the yeast. No mutations in the gene were seen in radiation exposed samples. Long-term exposure of the yeast to mobile phone radiation under the above mentioned conditions had no mutagenic effect on alpha-Int1 gene sequence

The Protective Effect of Curcumin on the Proliferation and Colonization of Spermatogonial ‎Stem Cells ‎in Gamma-Irradiated Rats

Background & Objective: One of the side effects of radiotherapy can be damage to spermatogonial stem cells that ‎may lead to spermatogenesis disorders and sterility. Protective effects of curcumin on normal cells ‎against radiotherapy side effects have already been shown. In the current study, the protective effects of curcumin ‎on the spermatogonial stem cells against gamma radiation were ‎evaluated.‎ Materials & Methods: This study was done on 50 adult rats in 10 experimental groups. Four groups were ‎injected 0, 25, 50, or 100mg/kg of curcumin in 1ml olive oil for 15 days intraperitoneally, then exposed to radiation ‎at 2 Gy on the next day. Also, four groups were treated like above but without radiation; and two groups as control with and without radiation.  The day after radiation, all of the rats were euthanatized, their testes were removed, and they underwent enzymatic digestion to co-culture spermatogonial stem cells. After 12 days, the colonization of spermatogonial stem cells was assessed. ‎ Results: There was a significant decrease in the colonization of spermatogonial stem cell proliferation ‎in groups that had taken radiation but not curcumin. There was a significant increase ‎ in the colonization of spermatogonial stem cells in the group which had taken radiation whit maximum curcumin compared with the other irradiated groups and ‎was similar to non-irradiated control animals. Colonization of spermatogonial stem cells in non-irradiated animals treated with curcumin had increased compared with control groups.‎ Conclusion: Injection of curcumin can protect spermatogonial stem cells against ‎radiation. Thus, curcumin may prevent sterility in men who undergo radiotherapy.

The Frequency of Abortion Caused by Chlamydia abortus in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep and Goats in Iran

Background:      Chlamydia abortus, is one of the most important causes of abortion in small ruminants. Evaluating the frequency of chlamydial infection in abortion of animals is beneficial in epidemiological surveys. The purpose of the present study is to determine the frequency of abortion caused by Chlamydia abortus using PCR method. Methods:      A total of 200 fetuses were collected from 150 ewes and 50 does. The samples were collected from abomasal contents and lungs of the fetuses and using PMP gene of Chlamydia abortus, PCR was conducted. The infection occurrence with regard to the species of animals, age, gender and type of pregnancy along with age, numbers of pregnancy and numbers of abortion in the aborted animals were statistically analyzed by Chi-squared test, t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient which all were calculated using SPSS version 25. Results:      The bacterium DNA was detected in 47 fetuses. The infection occurrence didn’t have significant statistical relationships with the species, age and gender of the fetuses. Chlamydial infection in the twin fetuses was significantly more than the single ones. The infection had statistical relationship with ages and parturition numbers of the aborted animals but not with the numbers of abortion. Conclusion:      Regarding the high frequency of abortion caused by Chlamydia abortus in this study (23.5%), it is necessary to boost the information about the prevalence of Chlamydia abortus in different regions of our country

Citrinin detection by intensified fluorescence signal of a FRET-based immunosensor using magnetic/silica core–shell

The specific immune-reaction between the anti-citrinin antibody immobilized on the surface of magnetic/silica core–shell (MSCS) and the citrinin–Rho123–BSA conjugate brings the Rho123 fluorophore as an acceptor and the QDs as a donor in close spatial proximity and causes FRET for occurring upon photo-excitation of the QDs. The novelties of this study include: (1) immobilization of the MSCS; (2) large amount of the immobilized QDs, and (3) immobilization of a large amount of Rho123 on the BSA macromolecule. Cd/Te QDs were synthesized by the simultaneous reduction of cadmium chloride and tellurium in the presence of sodium borohydride. Magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized using FeSO4 and FeCl3. The prepared magnetic nanoparticles shelled by silica using tetraethoxysilane in the presence of ammonia. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was used for investigating shape and monodispersity of the nanoparticles. EDC/NHS was used as a cross linking agent for immobilization of the QDs, conjugation of citrinin to amino groups of BSA, labeling of BSA with Rho123 and also for immobilization of the amino-functionalized MSCS on the immobilized QDs. Immobilization of the anti-citrinin antibody on the surface of the amino-functionalized MSCS was performed by Schiff-base mechanism. By using these three effective strategies, sensitivity of the designed nanobiosensor was incredibly enhanced as a very low limit of detection (up to 0.1 pM). The feasibility of this technique was tested by the detection of citrinin in the spiked human serum. Results showed that there was a linear correlation between the decreased fluorescence intensity of the Rho123 and increased fluorescence intensity of the QDs with increasing concentration of citrinin in the spiked samples in the range of 1–6 pM. According to obtained results, we conclude that this highly sensitive detection scheme is a easy, quick and impressive method that can be used in optical-based nanosensors

An Apta-Biosensor for Colon Cancer Diagnostics

This paper reports the design and implementation of an aptasensor using a modified KCHA10a aptamer. This aptasensor consists of a functionalized electrodes using various materials including 11-mercaptoandecanoic acid (11-MUA) and modified KCHA10a aptamer. The HCT 116, HT 29 and HEp-2 cell lines are used in this study to demonstrate the functionality of aptasensor for colon cancer detection purposes. Flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and electrochemical cyclic voltammetry are used to verify the binding between the target cells and aptamer. The limit of detection (LOD) of this aptasensor is equal to seven cancer cells. Based on the experimental results, the proposed sensor can be employed for point-of-care cancer disease diagnostics

Follicle stimulating hormone increases spermatogonial stem cell colonization during in vitro co - culture

The complex process of spermatogenesis is regulated by various factors. Studies onspermatogonial stem cells(SCCs)have provided very important tool to improve herd geneticand different field. 0.2 to 0.3 percent of total cells of seminiferous tubules is consist ofspermatogonial stem cells. To investigate and biomanipulation of these cells, proliferationand viability rate of cells should be increasedin vitro, at first. Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) has been suggested to play a determinant role in the survival of germ cells in additionto increasing spermatogonial proliferation. In this study, thein vitroeffects ofFSHonspermatogonial cell colony formation were investigated. Sertoli and spermatogonial cellswere isolated from 3-5 months old calves. The identity of theSertoli cells and spermatogonialstem cells were confirmed through immunocytochemistry and colony morphology,respectively. Co-cultured Sertoli and spermatogonial cells were treatedwithFSHin differentdose of10, 20 and 40 IU mL-1FSH, before colony assay.Results indicated that,FSHincreasedin vitrocolonization of spermatogonial cells in comparison with control group. In conclusion,usingFSHprovided proper bovine spermatogonial stem cell culture medium forin vitrostudy of these cells