Data Catalog Series for Space Science and Applications Flight Missions

The main purpose of the data catalog series is to provide descriptive references to data generated by space science flight missions. The data sets described include all of the actual holdings of the Space Science Data Center (NSSDC), all data sets for which direct contact information is available, and some data collections held and serviced by foreign investigators, NASA and other U.S. government agencies. This volume contains narrative descriptions of data sets from geostationary and high altitude scientific spacecraft and investigations. The following spacecraft series are included: Mariner, Pioneer, Pioneer Venus, Venera, Viking, Voyager, and Helios. Separate indexes to the planetary and interplanetary missions are also provided

Study on the changes in the levels of membrane-bound ATPases activity and some mineral status in λ cyhalothrin-induced hepatotoxicity in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis Mossambicus)

An attempt has been made to determine the deleterious effects of λ cyhalothrin- induced in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) with respect to changes in the activities of membrane-bound ATPases (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> ATPase) and mineral status (sodium, potassium and calcium) in the liver. Significant (p<0.05) decline in the activities of membrane-bound ATPases and mineral status was observed in λ cyhalothrin-intoxicated fishes as compared to controls. A concomitant (P<0.05) elevation in the level of lipid peroxidation in liver was also observed. The results of the present investigation have indicated that the toxic effect of λ cyhalothrin-induced in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) might be ascribable to its membrane destabilizing property or peroxidative action. Histopathological studies also proved its toxic potential in terms of the damage induced at organ level.Key words: Histopathology, liver, λ cyhalothrin, membrane-bound ATPases, mineral status, Oreochromis Mossambicus

Studies on the hepatic antioxidant defense system in λ cyhalothrin-induced oxidative stress in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)

The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of λ cyhalothrin-induced oxidative stress in fresh water tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) with respect to changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation [LPO], reduced glutathione [GSH], glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase [GPX] and glutathione-S-transferase [GST]) and antiperoxidative enzymes (catalase [CAT] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]). Significant (P<0.05) elevation in the level of lipid peroxidation was observed in λ cyhalothrin-intoxicated fishes as compared to controls. A concomitant (P<0.05) decline in hepatic antioxidant status was also observed. The results of the present investigation have indicated that the tissue antioxidant defense system is operating at a lower rate despite increased λ cyhalothrin-induced oxidative stress.Key words: Antioxidant status, λ cyhalothrin, lipid peroxidation, Oreochromis mossambicus, oxidative stress, synthetic pyrethroid

Post-vaccination allergy eleven years after BCG vaccination

The risk of being infected with tubercle bacilli is greatest at the age of 10 to 19 years. If BCG vaccination is given in the preschool or during the first school years, the postvaccination allergy should be maintained at a fairly high level for a period of up to 10 to 15 years. Is it possible that BCG-induced allergy can last that long? In Danish children BCG allergy has been maintained at a high level for 5 years (WHO Tub. Res. Office 1956). The two BCG assessment teams which carried out retests in India in 1954 and 1955 respectively found also BCG induced allergy at a moderate level in children vaccinated 4 years earlier (WHO Tub. Res. Office, 1955 and 1957). At Madanapalle, presence of BCG allergy could be demonstrated after an interval of 4 years (Frimodt-Moller, 1960). Kul Bushan (1960) examined between August 1955 and October 1958 the post-vaccination allergy in school children in 129 different localities throughout India. The interval between vaccination and retests ranged from 1J months to 3J years, the average being 13 months. The mean size of indurations during the first 6 months was 13.0mm., during the second half year 11.5mm., during the third half year 11.2 mm., during the fourth half year 12.8 mm., and after 2-3 J years 12.1 mm. Our experience with BCG vaccination at Madanapalle dates back to 1948 when a high proportion of the town population was tuberculin tested and nearly all tuberculin negative persons vaccinated (Frimodt-Moller, 1949). In 1950 the village population of 37,000 within 10 miles of Madanapalle was submitted to a community-wide survey by tuberculin tests and X-ray. The first place to be surveyed was Vayalpad, a small town of 5,500 inhabitants. During the summer of 1950 all persons reacting with less than 6 mm., to 1 and 10 TU were offered BCG vaccination. In 1961, i.e., 11 years later, a series of tuberculin tests was carried out in the Board High School at Vayalpad. Fifty-five per cent of the school children were found to have been vaccinated earlier, and many of these as far back as 1950. The present report describes the results of these retests

Optimum solids concentration in an agitated vessel

Particle suspension in high-concentration slurries has been studied using radial-, mixed-, and axial-flow impellers. Impeller power measurements in this study were linked to the mass of solids suspended in the agitation system rather than the suspension volume. This approach was based on the consideration that the rate of dissolution or reaction depends to a large extent on the exposed surface area or mass of solids and might not be affected by the suspension volume, once off-bottom suspension is achieved. It was found that the specific power, based on the mass of solids, can be minimized by operating the system at relatively higher solids concentrations in the range of 0.20-0.35 (v/v) for the solids, impeller types, and geometrical conditions used in this work. Overall, improved energy efficiency can be achieved by using higher-power-number impellers under unbaffled conditions over a range of solids concentrations. A case example is illustrated to demonstrate the benefits of adopting some of the optimization methods highlighted in this article

QCD Strings as Constrained Grassmannian Sigma Model:

We present calculations for the effective action of string world sheet in R3 and R4 utilizing its correspondence with the constrained Grassmannian sigma model. Minimal surfaces describe the dynamics of open strings while harmonic surfaces describe that of closed strings. The one-loop effective action for these are calculated with instanton and anti-instanton background, reprsenting N-string interactions at the tree level. The effective action is found to be the partition function of a classical modified Coulomb gas in the confining phase, with a dynamically generated mass gap.Comment: 22 pages, Preprint: SFU HEP-116-9

Unitary derived functor modules with small spectrum

This article does not have an abstract

PSoC Based Instrumentation for H2 Sensor in the Context of Fast Breeder Reactors

To monitor very low levels of hydrogen in cover gas plenum of fast breeder reactors, thin film sensors based on tin oxide doped with palladium are developed in IGCAR. The sensor patterns are integrated on a miniature alumina substrate and necessary electrical leads are incorporated in it. The conductivity of the sensor varies with H2 concentration. The useful range of the sensor is 5 ppm to 80 ppm and the base line resistance of the sensor is around 2.5MΩ. This paper gives an outline of the PSoC based electronics developed to measure the H2 concentration and associated signal processing. Low component count and feasibility of locating the sensor conditioning components remotely are emphasized in the design. The laboratory studies on the linearity performance of the various blocks of the system are discussed

The rapid evolution of the exciting star of the Stingray Nebula

SAO244567, the exciting star of the Stingray nebula, is rapidly evolving. Previous analyses suggested that it has heated up from an effective temperature of about 21kK in 1971 to over 50kK in the 1990s. Canonical post-asymptotic giant branch evolution suggests a relatively high mass while previous analyses indicate a low-mass star. Fitting line profiles from static and expanding non-LTE model atmospheres to the observed UV and optical spectra, taken during 1988-2013, allowed us to study the temporal change of effective temperature, surface gravity, mass-loss rate, and terminal wind velocity. In addition, we determined the chemical composition of the atmosphere. We find that the central star has steadily increased its effective temperature from 38kK in 1988 to a peak value of 60kK in 2002. During the same time, the star was contracting, as concluded from an increase in surface gravity from log g = 4.8 to 6.0 and a drop in luminosity. Simultaneously, the mass-loss rate declined from log (dM/dt/Msun/yr)=-9.0 to -11.6 and the terminal wind velocity increased from 1800km/s to 2800km/s. Since around 2002, the star stopped heating and has cooled down again to 55kK by 2006. It has a largely solar surface composition with the exception of slightly subsolar carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur. By comparison with stellar-evolution calculations, we confirm that SAO244567 must be a low-mass star (M < 0.55 Msun). However, the slow evolution of the respective stellar evolutionary models is in strong contrast to the observed fast evolution and the young planetary nebula with a kinematical age of only about 1000 years. We speculate that the star could be a late He-shell flash object. Alternatively, it could be the outcome of close-binary evolution. Then SAO244567 would be a low-mass (0.354 Msun) helium prewhite dwarf after the common-envelope phase, during which the planetary nebula was ejected.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&

Scattering of polarized laser light by an atomic gas in free space: a QSDE approach

We propose a model, based on a quantum stochastic differential equation (QSDE), to describe the scattering of polarized laser light by an atomic gas. The gauge terms in the QSDE account for the direct scattering of the laser light into different field channels. Once the model has been set, we can rigorously derive quantum filtering equations for balanced polarimetry and homodyne detection experiments, study the statistics of output processes and investigate a strong driving, weak coupling limit.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure