Male sterility induced by the chemical hybridizing agent clofencet on wheat, Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum var. durum

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the male sterilizing activity induced by the chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) clofencet, on four wheat varieties: two Triticum aestivum cultivars, 'Pia' and 'Claudia', and two Triticum turgidum var. durum cultivars, 'Capri' and 'Ambra'. The CHA was sprayed at two stages of the Feekes scale, 7.5 and 8.5, using four rates of active ingredients (0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 kgּ ha-1) in a split block design with fi ve replicates. The effi ciency of the treatments was determined by measuring developed seeds and calculating male sterility (MS). Results showed that MS increased with increasing dosage and was more pronounced at the latest stage of development. The MS average for the highest dosage was 47.3% in the first stage of application and reached 84% at the second stage of application. Cultivars responded differently to the CHA, but no differences clearly attributable to species could be detected. T. aestivum cultivar ‘Pia’ reached 96% MS, a value that justifi es the use of clofencet as a CHA for hybrid wheat production. The insufficient levels of MS detected in the other cultivars were due to causes not determined in this study

Thoracic aorta cardiac-cycle related dynamic changes assessed with a 256-slice CT scanner

Objective: The aim of our study was to demonstrate whether the dynamic changes previously documented at the ascending and abdominal aorta are replicated at the thoracic aorta. Methods and results: A consecutive series of thirty patients referred to our institution to undergo CT angiography of the thoracic aorta (CTA) constituted the study population. Patients with diffuse aortic atherosclerosis were excluded from the analysis. All studies were acquired with a 256-MDCT scanner and ECG-gating was performed in all cases. Two orthogonal imaging planes (maximal and minimal diameters) were obtained at three different levels of the descending thoracic aorta, using the distance from the left subclavian artery as proximal landmark: 10, 40, and 80 mm distance. The mean age was 58.9±15.7 years and 16 (53%) patients were male. Descending aorta measurements at 10, 40, and 80 mm distance from the left subclavian artery were all significantly larger within the systolic window (P<0.01 for all comparisons). Measurements of the maximal diameter were systematically larger than the minimal diameters among all aortic positions including ungated, systolic, and diastolic measurements (P<0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions: The main finding of our pilot investigation was that the thoracic descending aorta undergoes significant conformational changes during the cardiac cycle, irrespective from the distance from the left subclavian artery.Fil: Carrascosa, Patricia. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Capuñay, Carlos. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Deviggiano, Alejandro. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Granillo, Gaston Alfredo. Diagnóstico Maipú; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sagarduy, María Inés. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Cortines, Patricio. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Carrascosa, Jorge. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Parodi, Juan C.. Sanatorio Trinidad; Argentin

HYBRID VIGOR AND GENE ACTION IN A SIX-PARENT DIALLEL CROSS OF WINTER WHEAT, TRITICUM AESTIVUM L., FOR YIELD, QUALITY, COLEOPTILE ELONGATION, COLD RESISTANCE AND EMERGENCE UNDER STRESS

Abstract not availabl

Male sterility induced by the chemical hybridizing agent clofencet on wheat, Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum var. durum

P.C. Parodi, and M.A. Gaju. 2009. Male sterility induced by the chemical hybridizing agent clofencet on wheat, Triticum aestivum and T turgidum var. durum. Cien.Inv.Agr. 36(2):267-276. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the male sterilizing activity induced by the chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) clofencet, oil four Wheat varieties: two Triticum aestivum cultivars, 'Pia' and 'Claudia', and two Triticum turgidum var. durum cultivars, 'Capri' and 'Ambra'. The CHA was sprayed at two stages of the Feekes scale. 7.5 and 8.5, using, four rates of active ingredients (0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 kg ha(-1)) in a split block design with five replicates. The efficiency of the treatments was determined by measuring developed seeds and calculating male sterility (MS). Results showed that MS increased with increasing dosage and was more pronounced at the latest stage of development. The MS average for the highest dosage was 47.3% in the first stage of application and reached 84% at the second stage of application. Cultivars responded differently to the CHA, but no differences clearly attributable to species could be detected. T aestivum cultivar 'Pia' reached 96% MS. a value that justifies the use of clofencet as a CHA for hybrid wheat production. The insufficient levels of MS detected in the other cultivars were due to causes not determined ill this study

Male sterility induced by the chemical hybridizing agent clofencet on wheat, Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum var. durum

The objective of this experiment was to evalúate the male sterilizing activity induced by the chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) clofencet, on four wheat varieties: two Triticum aestivum cultivars, 'Pia' and 'Claudia', and two Triticum turgidum var. durum cultivars, 'Capri' and Ambra'. The CHA was sprayed at two stages of the Feekes scale, 7.5 and 8.5, using four rates of active ingredients (0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 kg-ha4) in a split block design with five replicates. The efficiency of the treatments was determined by measuring developed seeds and calculating male sterility (MS). Results showed that MS increased with increasing dosage and was more pronounced at the latest stage of development. The MS average for the highest dosage was 47.3% in the first stage of application and reached 84% at the second stage of application. Cultivars responded differently to the CHA, but no differences clearly attributable to species could be detected. T. aestivum cultivar 'Pia' reached 96% MS, a value that justifies the use of clofencet as a CHA for hybrid wheat production. The insufficient levels of MS detected in the other cultivars were due to causes not determined in this study.Se realizó una evaluación del agente hibridizante químico clofencet (Genesis, Monsanto, EUA) en cuatro cultivares de trigo, dos harineros (Triticum aestivum) cvs. Pía y Claudia y dos trigos candeales (T. turgidum var. durum) cvs. Capri y Ambra. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques divididos con cinco repeticiones aplicando 0 3,5; 5,0 y 6,5 kg-ha4 de clofencet, cuando las plantas alcanzaron los estadios 7,5 y 8,5 grados en la Escala de Feekes. Se midió la formación de grano para cada tratamiento como sistema de evaluación de macho esterilidad (ME). Los resultados indicaron que los niveles de ME alcanzados aumentaron con la dosis y con el estado más tardío de desarrollo (segunda fecha de aplicación) vegetativo del trigo. El promedio ME alcanzado con la dosis más alta fue de un 47,3% en la primera fecha de aplicación y llegó a un 84% en la segunda fecha. Estos resultados, a pesar de mostrar un efecto importante del compuesto, no son suficientes para el propósito de obtener semilla híbrida, ya que el nivel de autopolinización fue alto. Únicamente el cultivar Pía alcanzó un 96% de ME, facultando el uso del gametocida Genesis® para la producción de trigo híbrido. El insuficiente nivel alcanzado se pudo deber entre otros factores a las condiciones de aplicación (dosis, fecha, uso de humectantes, surfactantes, volumen de agua), la susceptibilidad de los cultivares, las condiciones ambientales y del cultivo (temperatura, humedad, estrés, tipo de suelo, homogeneidad)

Effects of IFN-γ coding plasmid supplementation in the immune response and protection elicited by Trypanosoma cruzi attenuated parasites

Abstract Background Previous studies showed that a naturally attenuated strain from Trypanosoma cruzi triggers an immune response mainly related to a Th2-type profile. Albeit this, a strong protection against virulent challenge was obtained after priming mice with this attenuated strain. However, this protection is not enough to completely clear parasites from the host. In T. cruzi infection, early Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is critical to lead type 1 responses able to control intracellular parasites. Therefore we evaluated whether the co-administration of a plasmid encoding murine IFN-γ could modify the immune response induced by infection with attenuated parasites and improve protection against further infections. Methods C57BL/6J mice were infected intraperitoneally with three doses of live attenuated parasites in combination with plasmid pVXVR-mIFN-γ. Before each infection dose, sera samples were collected for parasite specific antibodies determination and cytokine quantification. To evaluate the recall response to T. cruzi, mice were challenged with virulent parasites 30 days after the last dose and parasite load in peripheral blood and heart was evaluated. Results As determined by ELISA, significantly increase in T. cruzi specific antibodies response was detected in the group in which pVXVR-mIFN-γ was incorporated, with a higher predominance of IgG2a subtype in comparison to the group of mice only inoculated with attenuated parasites. At our limit of detection, serum levels of IFN-γ were not detected, however a slight decrease in IL-10 concentrations was observed in groups in which pVXVR-mIFN-γ was supplemented. To analyze if the administration of pVXVR-mIFN-γ has any beneficial effect in protection against subsequent infections, all experimental groups were submitted to a lethal challenge with virulent bloodstream trypomastigotes. Similar levels of challenge parasites were detected in peripheral blood and heart of mice primed with attenuated parasites alone or combined with plasmid DNA. Expansion of IgG antibodies was not significant in TCC+ pVXVR-mIFN-γ; however, the overall tendency to sustain a Th2 profile was maintained. Conclusions Overall, these results suggest that administration of plasmid pVXVR-mIFN-γ could have beneficial effects on host specific antibody production in response to T. cruzi attenuated infection; however, this outcome is not reflected in an improved protection against further virulent infections