Germination of pine seed in weightlessness (investigation in Kosmos 782)

An investigation was made of the orientation of aboveground and underground organs of pine plants grown from seed in weightlessness. Orientation was found to be caused by the position of the seeds relative to the substrate surface. Normal growth was manifest only for the plants grown from seed oriented with embryo toward the substrate. Differences were noted between experiment and control as to the quantitative content of nucleoli in the meristematic cells of the rootlets and the shape of cells in the cotyledonous leaflets. No complete agreement was found between data obtained in weightlessness and when gravity was compensated (clinostat treatment with horizontal rotation)

Pine seed germination under weightlessness (a study of the Kosmos 782 satellite)

Orientation of the above and underground organs of pine plants, grown from seeds under weightlessness, was found to be determined by seed position on the substrate. Normal plant growth was observed only if the seed embryos were oriented toward the substrate. Some differences were noted between the experimental and control plants concerning the amount of nucleoli in the root meristematic cells and the cell shape in cotyledonous leaves. No complete similarity was found in experimental results obtained with plants under weightlessness and under compensated gravity. The seeds were obtained from Pinus silvestris, considered to be particularly suitable for this experiment

Performance of the MPD Experiment for the Anisotropic Flow Measurements

The main goal of the future MPD experiment at collider NICA( JINR,Dubna) is to explore the QCD phase diagram in the region corresponding to the highest baryon chemical potential. Properties of such dense matter can be studied using the azimuthal anisotropy of the produced particles. Performance of the detector response based on simulations with realistic reconstruction procedure is presented for centrality determination, reaction plane estimation, directed and elliptic flow coefficients

Web environment for publication spatial objects thematic maps

The problem of building a public web-environment for the placement and display of spatial objects on thematic maps. Built ontological scheme of the environment and security model. The choice of development tools and use Yandex.Maps service justified. A prototype of the self-regulatory system creates thematic maps. For owners of the objects (organizations or individuals) are created a means of building thematic maps and publishing them industrial, social or personal facility. Interested Internet users does search objects on the characteristics and does get location on a scalable electronic map.Рассматривается задача построения общедоступной веб-среды для размещения и отображения пространственных объектов на тематических картах. Построена онтологическая схема среды и модель защиты данных. Обоснован выбор средств разработки и использование сервиса Яндекс.Карты. Разработан прототип общедоступной саморегулируемой системы. Для владельцев объектов (организаций или физических лиц) предоставлены средства создания тематических карт и публикации на них производственных, социальных или личных объектов. Заинтересованным пользователям Интернет предоставлен поиск объектов по характеристикам и отображение их местонахождения на масштабируемой электронной карте

О поворотах цифровых изображений

The images built on the basis of rectangular and hexagonal lattices are discussed in the article. For images on a rectangular lattice a formula is proposed, which gives approximate values of the components of a characteristic set of coefficients when turning at an arbitrary angle by the method of the nearest neighbor. The characteristic sets are presented in the form of diagrams, an experimental evaluation of errors is made. It was confirmed a good agreement with the predicted value component of characteristic sets and those which were obtained experimentally. For images built on the basis of a hexagonal lattice was offered a similar formula for the approximation of the components of the characteristic set for rotating at any angle, when this was applied to the modification of the nearest neighbor method for the preservation of coherence, as it was discovered its violation in some cases on a hexagonal lattice. On the basis of four-pixel fragments are built diagrams, which show a good agreement of predicted values and the obtained ones in the experiment. It was defined a system of three-pixel hexagonal fragments to which the theorem is proved on the Eulerian characteristic and were offered analytical expressions, which allow to avoid experimental detection of the characteristic sets of coefficients for all possible reference angles. Their use requires to produce only one such experiment.Рассматриваются изображения, построенные на основе прямоугольной и гексагональной решеток. Для изображений на прямоугольной решетке предложена формула, дающая приближенные значения компонент характеристического набора коэффициентов при повороте на произвольный угол по методу ближайшего соседа. Характеристические наборы представлены в виде дигарамм, произведена экспериментальная оценка погрешностей. Подтверждено хорошее соответствие предсказанных значений компонент характеристических наборов и полученных экспериментально. Для изображений, построенных на основе гексагональной решетки, предложена аналогичная формула для приближения компонент характеристического набора для поворота на произвольный угол, при этом была применена модификация метода ближайшего соседа для сохранения связности, так как обнаружилось ее нарушение в некоторых случаях на гексагональной решетке. На основе четырехпиксельных фрагментов строятся диаграммы, которые демонстрируют хорошее согласование предсказанных значений и полученных в эксперименте. Определена система трехпиксельных гексагональных фрагментов, для которой доказана теорема об эйлеровой характеристике и предложены аналитические выражения, которые позволяют избежать экспериментального нахождения характеристических наборов коэффициентов для всех возможных опорных углов. Их использование требует производить только один такой эксперимент

Thermoelectric performance of weakly coupled granular materials

We study thermoelectric properties of inhomogeneous nanogranular materials for weak tunneling conductance between the grains, g_t < 1. We calculate the thermopower and figure of merit taking into account the shift of the chemical potential and the asymmetry of the density of states in the vicinity of the Fermi surface. We show that the weak coupling between the grains leads to a high thermopower and low thermal conductivity resulting in relatively high values of the figure of merit on the order of one. We estimate the temperature at which the figure of merit has its maximum value for two- and three-dimensional samples. Our results are applicable for many emerging materials, including artificially self-assembled nanoparticle arrays.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Materials of the final reports on the joint Soviet-American experiment on the Kosmos-936 biosatellite

Biological experiments onboard the Kosmos-936 investigated the effect of weightlessness on the basic components of cells, the genetic structure and energy apparatus. Genetic studies were made on the Drosophila melanogaster. Experiments were made on higher vegetation and fungi as well. The results indicate that weightlessness cannot be the principal barrier for normal development. An experiment with ectopic osteogenesis in weightlessness was carried out. Measurements were made of cosmic radiation inside and outside the biosatellite

Deformations of Existing Buildings, Caused by Construction Activities

Construction of a new building (NB) affects existing adjacent old buildings (OB) during pit excavation, piling, footing and NB erection. Two relevant history cases are described. In the first one, the graphs of OB settlements versus distance from the pit are given for the period of pit excavation and the total settlements for the period of NB erection. The second case gives the family of OB settlement time-related graphs versus distance from the pit, in which these settlements were caused by piling operations