Design and Performance Analysis of Peltier & Piezoelectric Human Energy Harvesting Hybrid Model for WBAN Application

Wireless body area network (WBAN) has evolved from Wireless personal area network (WPAN), a prominent area of research with vast applications in last decade. In WBAN, various wirelessly interconnected body node (BN) are implanted in or around the human body. Also due to advancement in technology a miniature low power device/BN is developed. The main challenge in WBAN body node is to maintain finite size of battery as well as to increase its capacity. Hence this issue can be resolved by using energy harvesting. Generally researchers have used piezoelectric, electromagnetic or solar harvester only. But, in this research energy harvesting using the hybrid optimization of Piezoelectric and Peltier sensors by controlling on-off timing of body nodes is introduced. A hybrid optimized algorithm is developed using MATLAB 2015b platform and extensive simulation is performed considering four different human gestures (relaxing, walking, running and fast running) which in turn improves overall Quality of Service (QoS) including average (packet loss, end to end delay, throughput) and overall detection efficiency

Enhance Data Security Protection for Data Sharing in Cloud Storage System

Cloud computing technology can be used in all types of organizations. There are many benefits to use cloud storage. The most notable is data accessibility. Data stored in the cloud can be accessed at any time any place. Another advantage of cloud storage is data sharing between users. By sharing storage and networks with many users it is also possible for unauthorized users to access our data. To provide confidentiality of shared sensitive data, the cryptographic techniques are applied. So protect the data from unauthorized users, the cryptographic key is main challenge. In this method a data protection for cloud storage 1) The key is protected by two factors: Secret key is stored in the computer and personal security device 2) The key can be revoked efficiently by implementing proxy re-encryption and key separation techniques. 3) The data is protected in a fine grained way by adopting the attribute based encryption technique. So our proposed method provides confidentiality on data

Maximizing Savonius Turbine Performance using Kriging Surrogate Model and Grey Wolf-Driven Cylindrical Deflector Optimization

With the growing demand for power and the pressing need to shift towards renewable energy sources, wind power stands as a vital component of the energy transition. To optimize energy production, researchers have focused on design optimization of Savonius-type vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). The current study utilizes Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) simulations using the sliding mesh technique to obtain flow field data and power coefficients. A Kriging Surrogate model was trained on the numerical data of randomly initialized data points to construct a response surface model. Then Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm was utilized to achieve global maxima on this surface, using the turbine's power coefficient as the objective function. A comparative analysis was carried out between simulation and experimental data from prior studies to validate the accuracy of the numerical model. The optimized turbine-deflector configuration showed a maximum improvement of 34.24% in power coefficient. Additionally, the GWO algorithm's effectiveness was compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and was found to be better in most cases, converging towards the global maxima faster. This study explores a relatively unexplored realm of metaheuristic optimization of wind turbines by using deflectors, for efficient energy harvesting, presenting promising prospects for enhancing renewable power generation.Comment: Accepted at 10th International and 50th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (FMFP-2023): 6 pages, 12 figure

Effects of roasting on barley β-glucan, thermal, textural and pasting properties

6 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables.-- Available online 14 October 2010.Different hulled barley cultivars were subjected to roasting in hot sand (280 °C) and the effects on β-glucan extractability, physico-chemical, thermal and pasting properties were studied. The grain puffed upon roasting and grain hardness and colour difference ΔE were significantly lowered. The roasted barley flour had significantly higher water absorption and water solubility index. The cultivars DWR-28, RD-2503 and PL-172 had the highest total β-glucan content (up to 5.47%). Roasting brought about a decrease in the soluble β-glucan content in all the cultivars and this decrease ranged from 4.9 to 25.3%. The β-glucan extractability was not affected by the roasting process but roasting lowered the ratio of soluble to insoluble β-glucan content by 8.1–41.9%. Roasting significantly affected the pasting and thermal properties of the flours, together with an increase in the cooked starch content that ranged from 28.8 to 43.1%.Peer reviewe

Filamentous Soil Fungi from Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen, and Screening for Extracellular Enzymes

Soil filamentous fungi from Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen, were studied. A total of 30 fungal isolates were identified by morpho-taxonomy, and the identity of some morpho-taxonomically complex isolates was authenticated by ITS1-5.8S and ITS2 rDNA domain sequence similarity. The isolates belonged to 19 species under 14 genera (Acremonium, Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Corynespora, Emericella, Geomyces, Mortierella, Mucor, Myrothecium, Penicillium, Phialophora, Preussia, Xylaria). To the best of our knowledge, Acremonium roseolum, Aspergillus aculeatus, Emericella nidulans, and Preussia sp. are the first northernmost records from Arctic soils. The viable fungal count in different soil samples varied from 0.5 • 104 to 2.0 • 105 g-1. Species richness in different soil samples was also calculated. Mortierella was one of the most dominant genera in Arctic soils. A temperature tolerance study was carried out for all the isolates, and representative species were screened for their extracellular enzyme activity (amylase, cellulase, phosphatase, and pectinase) at 4˚C and 20˚C. Among the 30 isolates, seven showed cellulolytic activity, two were phosphate solubilizers, three had amylolytic activity, and only one showed pectinolytic activity on solid media. CMCase (β1, 4-endoglucanase) activity was quantified in seven isolates that exhibited positive activity during preliminary screening. The records of enzyme activity for amylases, pectinases, and cellulases are the first from the fungi of Spitsbergen. The present study indicates the dominance in Ny-Ålesund of cellulolytic strains, which may serve as potent decomposers in Arctic tundra. These isolates may be used to facilitate the mineralization of cellulolytic wastes generated by human activities in colder hilly areas across the world, including the Himalayas in India.Nous avons étudié des champignons telluriques filamenteux de Ny-Ålesund, Spitzberg. Grâce à la morpho-taxonomie, nous avons identifié 30 isolats fongiques, et l’identité de certains complexes d’isolats morpho-taxonomiques a été authentifiée au moyen des similarités des séquences de domaines ITS1-5.8S et ITS2 DNAr. Les isolats relevaient de 19 espèces faisant partie de 14 genres (Acremonium, Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Corynespora, Emericella, Geomyces, Mortierella, Mucor, Myrothecium, Penicillium, Phialophora, Preussia, Xylaria). Au meilleur de nos connais­sances, Acremonium roseolum, Aspergillus aculeatus, Emericella nidulans et Preussia sp. constituent les premiers enregis­trements aussi nordiques des sols arctiques. Le dénombrement viable de champignons dans différents échantillons de sol variait de 0,5 • 104 à 2,0 • 105 g-1. Nous avons également calculé la diversité des espèces prélevées dans différents échantillons de sol. Le genre Mortierella était l’un des plus dominants des sols arctiques. Nous avons étudié la tolérance à la température de tous les isolats, et des espèces représentatives ont été examinées du point de vue de l’activité enzymatique extracellulaire (amylase, cellulase, phosphatase et pectinase) à 4 ˚C et 20 ˚C. Parmi les 30 isolats, sept présentaient de l’activité cellulolytique, deux étaient des solubilisants du phosphate, trois présentaient de l’activité amylolytique et seulement un présentait de l’activité pectolytique dans le cas des solides. L’activité CMCase (β1, 4-endoglucanase) a été quantifiée dans sept isolats qui affichaient une activité positive au cours de l’examen préliminaire. Il s’agissait de la première fois que de l’activité enzymatique pour les amylases, pectinases et cellulases a été détectée dans les champignons de Spitzberg. Cette étude indique la dominance de souches cellulolytiques à Ny-Ålesund, souches qui peuvent servir de décomposeurs puissants dans la toundra arctique. Ces isolats peuvent servir à faciliter la minéralisation des déchets cellulolytiques émanant des activités humaines dans les régions montagneuses plus froides du monde entier, y compris l’Himalaya, en Inde

Search Me Knot, Render Me Knot: Embedding Search and Differentiable Rendering of Knots in 3D

We introduce the problem of knot-based inverse perceptual art. Given multiple target images and their corresponding viewing configurations, the objective is to find a 3D knot-based tubular structure whose appearance resembles the target images when viewed from the specified viewing configurations. To solve this problem, we first design a differentiable rendering algorithm for rendering tubular knots embedded in 3D for arbitrary perspective camera configurations. Utilizing this differentiable rendering algorithm, we search over the space of knot configurations to find the ideal knot embedding. We represent the knot embeddings via homeomorphisms of the desired template knot, where the homeomorphisms are parametrized by the weights of an invertible neural network. Our approach is fully differentiable, making it possible to find the ideal 3D tubular structure for the desired perceptual art using gradient-based optimization. We propose several loss functions that impose additional physical constraints, ensuring that the tube is free of self-intersection, lies within a predefined region in space, satisfies the physical bending limits of the tube material and the material cost is within a specified budget. We demonstrate through results that our knot representation is highly expressive and gives impressive results even for challenging target images in both single view as well as multiple view constraints. Through extensive ablation study we show that each of the proposed loss function is effective in ensuring physical realizability. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose a fully differentiable optimization framework for knot-based inverse perceptual art. Both the code and data will be made publicly available.Comment: Work in progres

Fungal alkaline proteases and their potential applications in different industries

The consumption of various enzymes in industrial applications around the world has increased immensely. Nowadays, industries are more focused on incorporating microbial enzymes in multiple processes to avoid the hazardous effects of chemicals. Among these commercially exploited enzymes, proteases are the most abundantly used enzymes in different industries. Numerous bacterial alkaline proteases have been studied widely and are commercially available; however, fungi exhibit a broader variety of proteases than bacteria. Additionally, since fungi are often recognized as generally regarded as safe (GRAS), using them as enzyme producers is safer than using bacteria. Fungal alkaline proteases are appealing models for industrial use because of their distinct spectrum of action and enormous diversity in terms of being active under alkaline range of pH. Unlike bacteria, fungi are less studied for alkaline protease production. Moreover, group of fungi growing at alkaline pH has remained unexplored for their capability for the production of commercially valuable products that are stable at alkaline pH. The current review focuses on the detailed classification of proteases, the production of alkaline proteases from different fungi by fermentation (submerged and solid–state), and their potential applications in detergent, leather, food, pharmaceutical industries along with their important role in silk degumming, waste management and silver recovery processes. Furthermore, the promising role of alkali–tolerant and alkaliphilic fungi in enzyme production has been discussed briefly. This will highlight the need for more research on fungi growing at alkaline pH and their biotechnological potential

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES Factors affecting alfa Amylase Production on Submerged Fermentation by Bacillus sp

Abstract The production of extracellular amylase by Bacillus spp was optimized in a submerged fermentation. The production of the enzyme was maximum at 10 h after inoculation. The effect of incubation period, pH of the medium and incubation temperature was optimized. The maximum productions of enzyme were obtained at 35°C and pH 7