130 research outputs found
La planification dâune situation dâapprentissage axĂ©e sur la connaissance de soi des Ă©tudiantes et des Ă©tudiants dans les cours dâĂ©ducation physique au collĂ©gial : lâintĂ©gration des principes directeurs de lâintervention Ă©ducative par la nature et lâaventure
Le prĂ©sent essai sâintĂ©resse Ă la planification dâune situation dâapprentissage axĂ©e sur
la promotion de la santĂ© mentale des Ă©tudiantes et Ă©tudiants dans les cours dâĂ©ducation
physique au collégial. Le passage à la vie adulte ainsi que la transition secondaire-collégial
constituent une période critique pour la santé mentale des étudiantes et étudiants. Ceux-ci
rencontrent des défis importants pouvant générer du stress et nécessiter des modifications
majeures dans plusieurs domaines de leur vie. Alors que la mise en oeuvre de programmes
de prévention et de promotion devrait constituer une priorité pour répondre aux besoins
des adultes Ă©mergents, il appert que la population Ă©tudiante nâa pas toujours accĂšs au
soutien psychologique nĂ©cessaire ni Ă des programmes qui pourraient lui ĂȘtre bĂ©nĂ©fiques.
Ces programmes pourraient, notamment, renforcer ses facteurs de protection en santé
mentale comme la connaissance de soi lui permettant de progresser en Ă©tant conscient de
ses capacités et ses limites et ainsi, mieux faire face aux différentes situations de la vie.
Câest pourquoi lâidĂ©e de planifier une situation dâapprentissage axĂ©e sur la promotion de
la santĂ© mentale dans les cours dâĂ©ducation physique au collĂ©gial fut retenue en raison de
leurs visées liées au développement personnel et à leur accessibilité à la majorité de la
communautĂ© Ă©tudiante. Mais de quelle maniĂšre la situation dâapprentissage peut-elle ĂȘtre
planifiée pour favoriser la santé mentale chez les étudiantes et les étudiants au Cégep de
lâOutaouais ? » Afin de rĂ©pondre Ă cette question, notre projet de recherche vise lâatteinte
des deux objectifs spécifiques suivants :
1. Planifier une situation dâapprentissage qui favorise le dĂ©veloppement de la
connaissance de soi.
2. Actualiser certains principes directeurs de lâintervention Ă©ducative par la nature et
lâaventure au sein des activitĂ©s visant la connaissance de soi.
Afin dâatteindre ces objectifs, la recension dâĂ©crits est dirigĂ©e vers trois concepts : la
planification dâune situation dâapprentissage, la connaissance de soi ainsi que
lâintervention Ă©ducative par la nature et lâaventure (IENA). Nos recherches portant sur la
dĂ©marche de planification nous a permis dâidentifier et de dĂ©tailler deux grandes Ă©tapes dans notre processus soient la macroplanification et la microplanification. Afin que nos
choix pédagogiques favorisent le développement de la connaissance de soi, les écrits
consultĂ©s ont servi Ă dĂ©finir cet objet dâapprentissage, Ă identifier ses composantes ainsi
que des moyens favorables de les développer. Pour optimiser les stratégies proposées pour
ce type dâapprentissage, notre Ă©tude sâest Ă©galement intĂ©ressĂ©e Ă lâintervention Ă©ducative
par la nature et lâaventure (IENA). Ce travail a aidĂ© Ă identifier et dĂ©crire certains principes
directeurs Ă intĂ©grer au sein de la sĂ©quence dâapprentissage en raison de leur influence Ă
amener les participantes et participants Ă ĂȘtre plus conscients de leurs forces et de leurs
limites pour se fixer des objectifs réalistes.
Cette recherche de nature qualitative porte sur la planification dâune situation
dâapprentissage. Cette dĂ©marche de planification sâinspire du devis mĂ©thodologique de
PaillĂ© (2007) qui porte, notamment, sur la conception dâactivitĂ©s dâapprentissage.
Cependant, la démarche est originale en raison des besoins spécifiques liés au contexte
dâintervention Ă©ducative par la nature et lâaventure.
Cette recherche tente dâoffrir aux enseignantes et aux enseignants en Ă©ducation
physique des pistes utiles pour promouvoir la santé mentale au sein de leurs cours
Le dĂ©veloppement dâhabiletĂ©s personnelles et sociales Ă travers un programme de thĂ©rapie par le plein air pour jeunes contrevenants ; effets sur le niveau dâantisocialitĂ© et lâinsertion socio-professionnelle
La thĂ©rapie par le plein air reprĂ©sente une alternative aux programmes dâintervention conventionnels pour jeunes antisociaux. Elle donne Ă ses participants lâoccasion de modifier leurs pensĂ©es et leurs comportements dans un contexte dâexpĂ©dition, Ă travers la participation Ă diverses activitĂ©s de plein air. Ce faisant, ils dĂ©veloppent leur rĂ©pertoire dâhabiletĂ©s personnelles et sociales, ce qui pourrait faciliter le dĂ©sistement dâune conduite antisociale. Un devis expĂ©rimental prospectif, avec prĂ©-test et post-tests Ă trois et six mois, a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© afin dâĂ©valuer lâeffet de la durĂ©e dâune intervention de thĂ©rapie par le plein air sur le niveau dâantisocialitĂ© et lâinsertion socio-professionnelle de jeunes contrevenants. De plus, lâeffet potentiellement mĂ©diateur des progrĂšs rĂ©alisĂ©s au chapitre des habiletĂ©s interpersonnelles et de la motivation dâaccomplissement a Ă©tĂ© examinĂ©. Un Ă©chantillon de 220 jeunes contrevenants a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©, divisĂ© alĂ©atoirement selon deux conditions expĂ©rimentales, soit un programme de 8 Ă 10 jours et un programme de 17 Ă 20 jours. Il apparaĂźt que la durĂ©e nâa pas dâeffet direct significatif sur le niveau dâantisocialitĂ© et lâinsertion socio-professionnelle des participants. En revanche, la durĂ©e du programme a un effet positif indirect sur le niveau dâantisocialitĂ© subsĂ©quent des participants, Ă travers lâamĂ©lioration des habiletĂ©s interpersonnelles et la motivation dâaccomplissement des sujets. Aucune des variables mises en jeu nâa eu un impact significatif sur les progrĂšs observĂ©s au niveau de lâinsertion socio-professionnelle des sujets. La thĂ©rapie par le plein air semble favoriser le dĂ©sistement dâune conduite antisociale en encourageant le dĂ©veloppement de certaines habiletĂ©s personnelles qui font habituellement dĂ©faut chez les jeunes antisociaux.Wilderness therapy is an alternative to more traditional interventions for antisocial youth. This expedition-based intervention requires participation in various outdoor activities, through which participants have the opportunity to modify thought patterns and behaviors. In doing so, they broaden their existing, and often poor, repertoire of personal and social skills, heightening the possibilities of desistence from an antisocial path. An experimental and prospective design, with pre-test and post-tests at three and six months, was used to evaluate the influence of the length of the program on the antisociality and socio-professional status of young offenders. The potential impact as mediators of interpersonal skills and accomplishment motivation was also observed. A sample of 220 young offenders was used, which was divided at random into two conditions; a program lasting between 8 to 10 days or one lasting between 17 and 20 days. Length of program had no direct and significant influence on the antisociality levels or the socio-professional status of the participants. However, length had a positive indirect effect on lowering the level of antisociality of the subjects, through the development of their interpersonal skills and accomplishment motivation. None of the variables had a significant impact on the socio-professional status progress noted for most subjects. Wilderness therapy appears to support young offenders in desisting from an antisocial pathway by facilitating the development of personal and social skills
Effet dâun suivi infirmier tĂ©lĂ©phonique effectuĂ© auprĂšs de parents, sur la gestion de la douleur et la prĂ©vention de complications postopĂ©ratoires dâenfants ayant subi une amygdalectomie
Introduction : Il a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© que les enfants opĂ©rĂ©s pour une amygdalectomie Ă©prouvaient des niveaux de douleur modĂ©rĂ©e Ă sĂ©vĂšre, et ce pendant plusieurs jours suite Ă
la chirurgie. Suite au retour Ă domicile, plusieurs parents ont tendance Ă administrer lâanalgĂ©sie de façon non-optimale Ă leur enfant et ce pour diverses raisons, ce qui contribue au maintien de niveaux de douleur Ă©levĂ©s et Ă lâincidence de complications postopĂ©ratoires.
But : Cette Ă©tude avait pour but dâĂ©valuer lâeffet d'un suivi infirmier tĂ©lĂ©phonique, effectuĂ© auprĂšs de parents d'enfants opĂ©rĂ©s pour une amygdalectomie, sur la gestion de la douleur et la prĂ©vention de complications postopĂ©ratoires.
Méthode : Cette étude clinique randomisée a comparé un groupe expérimental (suivi infirmier téléphonique) à un groupe contrÎle (traitement standard) (n = 52). Le suivi
infirmier tĂ©lĂ©phonique fut effectuĂ© au 1er, 3e, 5e et 10e jour postopĂ©ratoire et permettait dâĂ©valuer lâĂ©volution du client et dâoffrir un enseignement personnalisĂ© selon un cadre prĂ©dĂ©fini. Les critĂšres dâĂ©valuation furent lâintensitĂ© de la douleur, la quantitĂ© dâanalgĂ©sie administrĂ©e Ă lâenfant, les complications postopĂ©ratoires et le recours Ă des services de santĂ© non-planifiĂ©s.
RĂ©sultats : Les enfants du groupe expĂ©rimental ont prĂ©sentĂ© une intensitĂ© de douleur plus faible au 3e jour postopĂ©ratoire, le matin (P= 0.041) et le soir (P= 0.010). Les enfants de ce groupe ont reçu davantage de doses dâanalgĂ©siques au 1er jour postopĂ©ratoire (P= 0.007) et au 5e jour postopĂ©ratoire (P= 0.043). Ils ont eu moins de vomissements au congĂ© de lâhĂŽpital (P= 0.040) et au 3e jour postopĂ©ratoire (P= 0.042), moins de somnolence au 1er jour postopĂ©ratoire (P= 0.041), une meilleure hydratation au 1er (P= 0.014) et 3e jour postopĂ©ratoire (P= 0.019), mais ont souffert davantage de constipation au 3e jour postopĂ©ratoire (P< 0.001). Aucune diffĂ©rence significative nâa Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e quant au recours Ă des services de santĂ©.
Conclusion : Le suivi infirmier tĂ©lĂ©phonique, effectuĂ© auprĂšs de parents d'enfants opĂ©rĂ©s pour une amygdalectomie, a certains effets bĂ©nĂ©fiques sur la gestion de la douleur et la prĂ©vention de complications postopĂ©ratoires, mais nâa pas eu dâeffet significatif sur le recours Ă des services de santĂ©.Background: After tonsillectomy, children experience moderate to severe pain for several days. Following discharge from the hospital, many parents give insufficient analgesia to their child, based on numerous misguided beliefs. This contributes to more pain and an increase of postoperative complications.
Aim: Evaluation of the efficacy of a nurse telephone follow-up with parents of children
who underwent tonsillectomy, on pain intensity, occurrence of postoperative complications and frequency of resort to other health services.
Methods: This randomised clinical trial compared an intervention group (nurse telephone follow-up) with a control group (standard care, without follow-up) (n=52). Nurse telephone follow-up was made on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 10th postoperative day and included advice and explanation regarding problems experienced by parents, using an algorithm of interventions. Outcomes evaluated were pain intensity, frequency of analgesics administered to the child, occurrence of postoperative complications and resort to health services. Data was collected at hospital discharge, and on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 10th postoperative days (POD).
Results: Children in the experimental group had lower pain intensity scores after
medication than the control group in the morning (P= 0.041) and evening (P= 0.010) of
POD 3. Children in the nurse follow-up group received more doses of analgesics on POD
1 (P= 0.007) and POD 5 (P= 0.043). Significant differences were observed, in favour of the nurse follow-up group, regarding vomiting at POD 0 (P= 0.040) and POD 3 (P= 0.042), dizziness at POD 1(P= 0.041), and fluid intake at POD 1(P= 0.014) and POD 3 (P= 0.019) - although, constipation was more frequent in the nurse follow-up group at POD 3 (P< 0.001). There was no significant difference, between both groups, regarding resort to other health services.
Conclusion: Nurse telephone follow-up with parents of children who underwent tonsillectomy was beneficial for some aspects of pain management and occurrence of some postoperative complications, but did not decrease resort to other health services
The supply chain response to environmental pressures
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program; and, Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-135).Understanding and shaping the relationship between supply chain management and the natural environment is critical not only to human health and the environment, but to the future success of business. While the cumulative environmental impacts of industrial production are best addressed at the supply chain level, little research has connected the overall context of supply chain management, including the characteristics of environmental pressures and market drivers, to a general approach for developing operational supply chain processes that may deliver environmental and economic performance improvements. Findings from a series of semi-structured interviews indicate that there are four sources of environmental pressure currently affecting supply chain management in unique ways. These include regulations, customer demands, resources, and ethical responsibility. Corporations that are better able to identify and understand these impacts will be better positioned to address them strategically. A framework of supply chain environmental excellence is presented to illustrate how corporations may integrate environmental operating models, operational objectives, and new supply chain processes into a comprehensive corporate strategy.(cont.) A case study of the emergence of reverse supply chains within the electronics industry illustrates why supply chain processes should be developed in a context defined by environmental pressures and market drivers. As the electronics industry is faced with environmental pressure from evolving regulatory directives, liability concerns, and social responsibility demands, leading companies are researching and piloting reverse processes to varying extents. Findings from a second series of industry interviews reveal a number of regulatory, behavioral, and economic trends and challenges that collectively shape both strategic considerations for individual corporations and the overall supply chain capabilities of the industry.by Julie Rebecca Paquette.S.M
Impact of Orlistat-Induced Weight Loss on Diastolic Function and Heart Rate Variability in Severely Obese Subjects with Diabetes
Objective. Determine the impact of Orlistat-induced weight loss on metabolic profile and cardiovascular function in severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. Twenty-nine patients were randomized either to a nonplacebo control group or to a treatment group with Orlistat thrice a day. Metabolic profile, anthropometric parameters, heart rate variability indices, and echocardiographic variables were measured before and after a 12-week treatment period. Results. Treatment with Orlistat induced a modest but significant weight loss compared to controls (3.7 ± 3.0 versus 0.5 ± 2.2âkg, resp.; P = .003). There was significant decrease in fasting glycemia (7.9 ± 3.0 versus 6.7 ± 2.2âmmol/L; P = .03) and significant improvements in left ventricular diastolic function (P = .03) and in the sympathovagal balance (LF/HF ratio) (P = .04) in the Orlistat group. Conclusion. These results suggest that a modest weight loss improves fasting glycemia, left ventricular diastolic function, and sympathovagal balance in severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes
Assessing nutritional value of ready-to-eat breakfast cereals in the province of Quebec (Canada) : a study from the Food Quality Observatory
Objective: The Food Quality Observatory was created in the province of Quebec (Canada) in 2016. In this study, the Observatory aimed to generate a methodology to (1) test the use of sales data combined with nutrient values to characterise the nutritional composition of ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereals offered and purchased in the province of Quebec (Canada) and (2) verify the extent to which a front-of-pack label based on the percentage of daily value (DV) for total sugar, as a strategy to improve the food supply, would be distributed in this food category.
Design: Nutritional information were obtained by purchasing each RTE breakfast cereal available in the Greater Montreal area. Cereals were then classified according to their processing type.
Setting: The nutritional values of 331 RTE breakfast cereals available in Quebec were merged with sales data covering the period between May 2016 and May 2017. A total of 306 products were successfully cross-referenced.
Results: Granola and sweetened cereals were the most available (36·6 % and 19·6 %, respectively) and purchased (19·8 % and 40·9 % of sales, respectively). When compared with other types of cereals, granola cereals had a higher energy, fat, saturated fat, protein content and a lower Na content. A larger proportion of chocolate (65 %) and sweetened cereals (49 %) were above 15 % of the DV for sugar.
Conclusions: This study showed that the methodology developed generates important data to monitor nutritional quality of the food supply and ultimately contribute to improve the nutritional quality of processed foods
Metabolic and cardiovascular improvements after biliopancreatic diversion in a severely obese patient
BACKGROUND: Severe obesity is associated with important morbidity and increased mortality. The successes of lifestyle modifications and drug therapy have been partial and mostly unsustained in reducing obesity and its comorbidities. Bariatric surgery, particularly biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch reduces efficiently excess body weight and improves metabolic and cardiovascular functions. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old man with severe clinical obesity underwent a biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch after unsuccessful treatment with weight loss pharmacotherapy. He had diabetes, hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome and was on three medications for hypertension and two hypoglycemic agents in addition to > 200 insulin units daily. Eleven months after the surgery, he had lost 40% of his body weight. The lipid profile showed great improvement and the hypertension and diabetes were more easily controlled with no more insulin needed. The pseudonormalized pattern of left ventricular diastolic function improved and ventricular walls showed decreased thickness. CONCLUSION: Biliopancreatic diversion may bring metabolic and cardiovascular benefits in severely obese patients from a cardiovascular perspective
Effect of an outdoor developmental adventure program on the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents journeying with cancer
Building on each otherâs work - Impact and inspiration of permafrost research from 1998 to 2017
Research on permafrost has intensified in recent years, due to enhanced warming in the Arctic and in alpine
regions, and the direct feedbacks between thawing permafrost and climate. To explore how scientists build
on existing knowledge on permafrost and identify which studies inspire more research, we analyzed scientific
articles published over two decades, before (1998-2007) and after (2008-2017) the 4th International Polar Year
(2007/2008). We compared this bibliometric data to results from an online survey in which respondents were
asked to list the most influential and inspiring publications on permafrost in their view.
While publications per year have more than doubled for multidisciplinary geosciences from 1998 to 2017,
permafrost publications have increased more than six-fold for the same period, according to bibliometric data
from Web of Science. Permafrost publications have increased the most in journals focusing on biogeosciences
(e.g. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences) but also in the broader geoscience and science journals
(e.g. Geophysical Research Letters, Nature), reflecting a shift towards more carbon-cycle focused research in later years. From the survey, many listed books as the most influential publications and comments also revealed that conferences, photographs, movies and (non-science) books inspire permafrost researchers. Keeping track on how knowledge is collectively built within a scientific discipline and community, can help us to identify how to design impactful studies and how to coordinate research efforts in a time when high quality and impact research is badly needed
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