Dissociation Equilibria of Spherical and Disk-Shaped Ions in Sulfur Dioxide Solution

Thesis (Ph.D)--Boston UniversityConductivity data have been obtained for solutions in liquid sulfur dioxide for ionophores composed of either spherically symmetrical or planar ions. Established methods have been employed to secure thermodynamic equilibrium constants (Kesp.) and limiting equivalent conductances from the data. By arbitrarily adopting the crystallographic radius of the potassium ion as both its radius of closest approach in ion pairs and its hydrodynamic radius in liquid sulfur dioxide solution and assuming that the radius of an ion is independent of its counter ion, three "radii" can be assigned to each ion: (1) R(cryst.), the crystallographic ionic radius of elemental ions and, for other ions, the radius calculated from bond distances and angles and van der Waals radii; for planar ions this is taken as the longest radius about the center of gravity. (2) R(SO2), the Bjerrum radius, calculated from Kexp. by means of Bjerrum's equation. (3) R(Stokes), the hydrodynamic radius calculated from the limiting equivalent conductances by means of Stokes' equation. Values of the three radii are assembled in Table I. Agreement among the various radii of the anions is remarkable. In every case excellent agreement is found among R(Stokes), R(cryst.), and R(SO2), except for BF4- and CLO4-. For each of the latter two ions R(SO2) is virtually identical with the van der Waals radius of oxygen (1.4A) and fluorine (1.35A) respectively. For most of the cations, R(SO2) is in excellent agreement with R(cryst.). However, R(Stoked) for each of these cations is much smaller than R(SO2) or R(cryst.). It has therefore been established that for liquid sulfur dioxide surprisingly good agreement is observed between Bjerrum distances of closest approach (a) calculated from Kexp. and sums of ionic radii for both spherical and disk shaped ions. Further, the mobility of the anions measured is accurately predicted by Stokes Law assuming crystallographic or van der Waals radii. Solutions of potassium bromide have been measured at five temperatures providing, together with earlier work, data at seven temperatures in the range of +0.12 degrees Celcius to -24.99 degrees Celcius. Delta Hexp. is found to be constant over this temperature range, with a value of -4.77 Kcal/mole. [TRUNCATED

Energy-Aware Wireless Relay Selection in Load-Coupled OFDMA Cellular Networks

We investigate transmission energy minimization via optimizing wireless relay selection in orthogonal-frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks. We take into account the impact of the load of cells on transmission energy. We prove the NP-hardness of the energy-aware wireless relay selection problem. To tackle the computational complexity, a partial optimality condition is derived for providing insights in respect of designing an effective and efficient algorithm. Numerical results show that the resulting algorithm achieves high energy performance.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Thrillology: Affective Intensities and the Everyday-Spectacular in American Literature and Culture

“Thrillology: Affective Intensities and the Everyday-Spectacular in American Literature and Culture” presents thrill as a powerful thematic component centered on immediate affective gratification informing character development and narrative. This perspective rethinks theme as always having an affective dimension that accompanies its conceptual articulations, with the former, in many cases, being the more important element. Thrilled psycho-emotional states emerge, in their own right, as legitimizations of individuality and cultural autonomy from the perspective of the passional subject. Engaging with a broad spectrum of literary and cultural sources spanning the last hundred years, this project investigates various ways in which the self-fulfilling affective intensity of thrill imparts a compelling spectacularization to everyday experience. Case studies featuring Naturalist novels by Norris, Sinclair, and Dreiser expose the pursuit of material success as an intoxicating affect that drives central figures, regardless of the attainment, and inevitable loss, of wealth. In contrast, Ishmael Reed’s MumboJumbo presents a very different frisson of social rebellion that is determined to find fulfillment within its defiance and re-appropriation of cultural identity, no matter the stacked-odds confronting protagonists. And, book-ending nearly a century of fictional engagements with the pervasiveness of fame, fortune, and celebrity in mainstream consciousness, Nathanael West’s Day of the Locust and Bret Easton Ellis’ Glamorama portray the pursuit of thrill as an end itself, regardless of any realization of stardom. Finally, these thrillological considerations extend into contemporary American social texts, here embodied by the recurring spectacle of the Super Bowl broadcast and the extravaganza of Apple.com’s 2010 web-based introduction of the iPad. Through its examination of thrill as a positive affective power and the capacity of such excitation to translate into modes of expression and identification, Thrillology adds new perspectives to the body of contemporary affect theoretical literary analysis that has been prominently concerned with the examination of negative affective dimensions. This project brings a variety of theoretical fields into conversation in order to achieve a versatile conception of thrill’s affect, combining literary and cultural modes of analysis that co-involve affect theory, performance studies, theorization of spectacle and The Everyday, and effects of mass-media and consumerism

Macroeconomic impacts of demographic change in Scotland : a computable general equilibrium analysis

This paper combines a multi-period economic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling framework with a demographic model to analyse the macroeconomic impact of the projected demographic trends in Scotland. Demographic trends are defined by the existing fertility-mortality rates and the level of annual net-migration. We employ a combination of a demographic and a CGE simulation to track the impact of changes in demographic structure upon macroeconomic variables under different scenarios for annual migration. We find that positive net migration can cancel the expected negative impact upon the labour market of other demographic changes. (Pressure on wages, falling employment). However, the required size of the annual net-migration is far higher than the current trends. The policy implication suggested by the results is that active policies are needed to attract migrants. We nevertheless report results when varying fertility and mortality assumptions. The impact of varying those assumptions is rather small

Brief Note Acute Malaria: Effects of Plasmodium Berghei on the Metabolic Rate of Mice

Author Institution: Department of Zoology, The Ohio State Universit

Macroeconomic Impact of Ageing Population in Scotland. A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis.

This paper combines a multi-period economic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling framework with a demographic model to analyse the macroeconomic impact of the projected demographic trends in Scotland. Demographic trends are defined by the existing fertility-mortality rates and the level of annual net-migration. We employ a combination of a demographic and a CGE simulation to track the impact of changes in demographic structure upon macroeconomic variables under different scenarios for annual migration. We find that positive net migration can cancel the expected negative impact upon the labour market of other demographic changes. (Pressure on wages, falling employment). However, the required size of the annual net-migration is far higher than the current trends. The policy implication suggested by the results is that active policies are needed to attract migrants. We nevertheless report results when varying fertility and mortality assumptions. The impact of varying those assumptions is rather small.