Le regole del doppiaggio ideale

Il 97 per cento dei prodotti audiovisivi è di nazionalità straniera, il doppiaggio è una voce importante della post-produzione; quindi, inevitabilmente, il costo del minore introito pubblicitario peserà sensibilmente sul doppiaggio, proprio in un momento in cui sarebbe necessario impegnarsi per la rinascita di un settore essenziale a una corretta e quanto più possibile pluralistica circolazione culturale. Il fenomeno di decomposizione sta già avanzando, infatti il costo di un'ora doppiata è sceso dai 15 milioni del 1989 ai 6-8 di oggi, con punte, si dice, ancora più basse. Tutto questo è insopportabile per i professionisti che operano in questo ambito, ma è altrettanto insopportabile per chi – doppiatore o traduttore – cerca di avvicinarsi a questi mestieri, e che avrebbe invece il diritto di essere ben formato per poter accedere a professioni che avrebbero bisogno di nuove forze, se non altro per una questione di ricambio generazionale. Lo scadimento del settore non è semplicemente un problema "sindacale", di categoria, ma ha gravissime ripercussioni sia sul livello artistico delle opere in circolazione – è un problema, quindi, che tocca gli interessi degli autori originari – sia sull'utenza

The effect of serum withdrawal on the protein profile of quiescent human dermal fibroblasts in primary cell culture

The effect of serum deprivation on proliferating cells is well known, in contrast its role on primary cell cultures, at confluence, has not been deeply investigated. Therefore, in order to explore the response of quiescent cells to serum deprivation, ubiquitous mesenchymal cells, as normal human dermal fibroblasts, were grown, for 48 h after confluence, in the presence or absence of 10% FBS. Fibroblast behaviour (i.e. cell morphology, cell viability, ROS production and elastin synthesis) was evaluated morphologically and biochemically. Moreover, the protein profile was investigated by 2-DE and differentially expressed proteins were identified by MS. Serum withdrawal caused cell shrinkage but did not significantly modify the total cell number. ROS production, as evaluated by the dihydroethidium (DH2) probe, was increased after serum deprivation, whereas elastin synthesis, measured by a colorimetric method, was markedly reduced in the absence of serum. By proteome analysis, 41 proteins appeared to significantly change their expression, the great majority of protein changes were related to the cytoskeleton, the stress response and the glycolytic pathway. Data indicate that human dermal fibroblasts in primary cell culture can adapt themselves to environmental changes, without significantly altering cell viability, at least after a few days of treatment, even though serum withdrawal represents a stress condition capable to increase ROS production, to influence cell metabolism and to interfere with cell behaviour, favouring the expression of several age-related features

Matrix Gla Protein involved in elastic fiber calcification in the dermis of pseudoxanthoma elasticum patients.

Mature MGP (Matrix gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein) is known to inhibit soft connective tissues calcification. We investigated its possible involvement in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), a genetic disorder whose clinical manifestations are due to mineralization of elastic fibers. PXE patients have lower serum concentration of total MGP compared to controls (P<0.001). Antibodies specific for the noncarboxylated (Glu-MGP) and for the gamma-carboxylated (Gla-MGP) forms of MGP were assayed on ultrathin sections of dermis from controls and PXE patients. Normal elastic fibers in controls and patients were slightly positive for both forms of MGP, whereas Gla-MGP was more abundant within control's than within patient's elastic fibers (P<0.001). In patients' calcified elastic fibers, Glu-MGP intensively colocalized with mineral precipitates, whereas Gla-MGP precisely localized at the mineralization front. Data suggest that MGP is present within elastic fibers and is associated with calcification of dermal elastic fibers in PXE. To investigate whether local cells produce MGP, dermal fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and MGP was assayed at mRNA and protein levels. In spite of very similar MGP mRNA expression, cells from PXE patients produced 30% less of Gla-MGP compared to controls. Data were confirmed by immunocytochemistry on ultrathin sections. Normal fibroblasts in vitro were positive for both forms of MGP. PXE fibroblasts were positive for Glu-MGP and only barely positive for Gla-MGP (P<0.001). In conclusion, MGP is involved in elastic fiber calcification in PXE. The lower ratio of Gla-MGP over Glu-MGP in pathological fibroblasts compared to controls suggests these cells may play an important role in the ectopic calcification in PXE

Quantum finance models for the simulation of the dynamics of stock markets

Proponiamo 2 modelli, basati sul path-integral, per descrivere la dinamica delle azioni nei mercati finanziari.We introduce 2 models for the dynamics of stock prices based on the path-integral formalism.DIPARTIMENTO DI MATEMATICA31SABADINI, IRENE MARIASABADINI, IRENE MARI

Los foros y las redes sociales ayudan a descubrir especies exóticas en Europa y monitorear su propagación: el caso de Exaireta spinigera (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) en la península italiana y Sicilia

The soldier fly Exaireta spinigera (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) is native to Australia and has been introduced in Hawaii, North America and is quickly spreading across Europe. We comment the existing knowledge concerning its presence in Italy and publish the first records from Sicily. The existing knowledge regarding arrival and distribution of this species in Italy is exclusively based on data provided by citizens through biodiversity-focused internet forums and Facebook groups, which have hence proved to be a useful aid to the difficult detection of invasive species.La mosca soldado Exaireta spinigera (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) es originaria de Australia y se introdujo en Hawái, América del Norte y se está extendiendo rápidamente por Europa. Comentamos el conocimiento sobre su presencia en Italia y publicamos los primeros registros de Sicilia. El conocimiento existente sobre la llegada y distribución de esta especie en Italia se fundamenta exclusivamente en datos proporcionados por ciudadanos a través de foros de internet y grupos de Facebook sobre biodiversidad, que así han demostrado ser una ayuda útil para la difícil detección de especies invasoras

A path integral based model for stocks and order dynamics

We introduce a model for the short-term dynamics of financial assets based on an application to finance of quantum gauge theory, developing ideas of Ilinski. We present a numerical algorithm for the computation of the probability distribution of prices and compare the results with APPLE stocks prices and the S&P500 index