3 research outputs found
Influence of climatic variables on crown condition in pine forests of Northern Spain
Producción CientíficaThe aim of this study was to find relationships between crown condition and
some climatic parameters to identify which are those having a main influence on
crown condition, and how this influence is shown in the tree (crown transparency),
and to contribute to the understanding of how these parameters will affect under
future climate change scenarios
A quantification of uncertainties in historical tropical tropospheric temperature trends from radiosondes
The consistency of tropical tropospheric temperature trends with climate model
expectations remains contentious. A key limitation is that the uncertainties in observations
from radiosondes are both substantial and poorly constrained. We present a thorough
uncertainty analysis of radiosonde‐based temperature records. This uses an automated
homogenization procedure and a previously developed set of complex error models where
the answer is known a priori. We perform a number of homogenization experiments in
which error models are used to provide uncertainty estimates of real‐world trends. These
estimates are relatively insensitive to a variety of processing choices. Over 1979–2003, the
satellite‐equivalent tropical lower tropospheric temperature trend has likely (5–95%
confidence range) been between −0.01 K/decade and 0.19 K/decade (0.05–0.23 K/decade
over 1958–2003) with a best estimate of 0.08 K/decade (0.14 K/decade). This range
includes both available satellite data sets and estimates from models (based upon scaling
their tropical amplification behavior by observed surface trends). On an individual
pressure level basis, agreement between models, theory, and observations within the
troposphere is uncertain over 1979 to 2003 and nonexistent above 300 hPa. Analysis of
1958–2003, however, shows consistent model‐data agreement in tropical lapse rate
trends at all levels up to the tropical tropopause, so the disagreement in the more recent
period is not necessarily evidence of a general problem in simulating long‐term global
warming. Other possible reasons for the discrepancy since 1979 are: observational errors
beyond those accounted for here, end‐point effects, inadequate decadal variability in model
lapse rates, or neglected climate forcings