CONCEPTS OF AYURVEDA IN SHRIMAD BHAGVAD GEETA - A REVIEW

Having philosophical background Ayurveda is very close to Shrimad Bhagvad Geeta. Philosophy presents fundamentals of the principles whereas the science presents the applied aspects of these fundamental principles. The ultimate goal of life is to get rid from all the miseries i.e. from the cycle of birth and death. To attain the salvation, the true knowledge of self and the universe is essential. Triguna i.e., Sattva, Raja and Tamo guna plays an important role regarding the true knowledge. Rajas and Tamas are the prime causes of the diseases, where as the Sattva guna leads towards health. Karma (good and bad deeds) is such a factor which leads an individual to happy or unhappy life respectively. Ayurveda explains in a very well manner the Dos and Donts as a preventive measure. Beyond the medical science Ayurveda explains the life style which leads the human being towards the ultimate goal. Shrimad Bhagvad Geeta also narrates the same guideline for the human being to get Param Pada (salvation). In the present era of very fast and stressful life there are so many pathies for the treatment of the diseases. Among these Ayurveda gives a spiritual touch to the treatment and it is the science of using health as the basis of ones journey toward the supreme power (God). Ayurveda as well as Shrimad Bhagvad Geeta both the scriptures explains the basic concepts such as Srushti aavirbhaav (evolution process), Karma, Triguna, Panch Mahabhuta, Atma tatva, Punarjanma (rebirth), Moksha (salvation), etc. for the sake of human being

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Cases

Introduction Drug-induced acute kidney injury (DI-AKI) is a frequent adverse event. The identification of DI-AKI is challenged by competing etiologies, clinical heterogeneity among patients, and a lack of accurate diagnostic tools. Our research aims to describe the clinical characteristics and predictive variables of DI-AKI. Methods We analyzed data from the DIRECT study (NCT02159209), an international, multi-center, observational cohort study of enriched clinically adjudicated DI-AKI cases. Cases met the primary inclusion criteria if the patient was exposed to at least one nephrotoxic drug for a minimum of 24 hours prior to acute kidney injury (AKI) onset. Cases were clinically adjudicated and inter-rater reliability (IRR) was measured using Krippendorff's alpha. Variables associated with DI-AKI were identified using L1 regularized multivariable logistic regression. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC). Results 314 AKI cases met the eligibility criteria for this analysis, and 271 (86%) cases were adjudicated as DI-AKI. The majority of the AKI cases were recruited from the United States (68%). The most frequent causal nephrotoxic drugs were vancomycin (48.7%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (18.2%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (17.8%). The IRR for DI-AKI adjudication was 0.309. The multivariable model identified age, vascular capacity, hyperglycemia, infections, pyuria, serum creatinine trends, and contrast media as significant predictors of DI-AKI with good performance, ROC AUC 0.86. Conclusions The identification of DI-AKI is challenging even with comprehensive adjudication by experienced nephrologists. Our analysis identified key clinical characteristics and outcomes of DI-AKI compared to other AKI etiologies

Thiopurine s-methyl transferase gene polymorphism : Clinical correlations

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Studies on Some Ternary Complexes & Heterobinuclear Complexes of Oxovanadium(IV)

403-40

Cationic Mixed Ligand Complexes of Oxovanadium(IV) Containing a β-Carbonylenolate & a Neutral Heterocyclic Bidentate Nitrogen Base

776-77

A Simple Method for Analysis of Nitrobenzene In Aniline

279-28

Transformed Waldenström Macroglobulinemia Responsive to Tafasitamab Plus Lenalidomide: A Case Report

The histologic transformation (HT) of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) into diffuse large-cell lymphoma is an uncommon but poor-prognostic event for which there is no standard therapy. Knowledge of this entity is mainly derived from largely retrospective studies, which report abysmal average survival rates even with the utilization of first-line chemoimmunotherapy and especially in patients who meet the high-risk criteria based on prognostic indices used for WM. We present the case of a 75-year-old man with high-risk, transformed WM who was ineligible for standard chemoimmunotherapy (due to pancytopenia and multiple comorbidities) and was consequently treated with tafasitabmab, an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody plus lenalidomide. Tafasitamab plus lenalidomide (TAF/LEN) is a recently approved therapy for relapsed or refractory de novo diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL) but has not been previously studied in transformed low-grade lymphomas or WM. We show that TAF/LEN resulted in a complete and durable response of the DLCL by PET/CT and a complete bone marrow response of lymphoplasmacytoid cells, including the normalization of complex cytogenetic abnormalities. The extraordinary response of our patient to TAF/LEN suggests that this combination may be an effective and tolerable therapy for transformed WM as well as relapsed or refractory non-transformed WM. Clinical trials of TAF/LN for the treatment of Waldenström macroglobulinemia are recommended

Efficacy and safety of sparsentan versus irbesartan in patients with IgA nephropathy (PROTECT): 2-year results from a randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 trial

BackgroundSparsentan, a novel, non-immunosuppressive, single-molecule, dual endothelin angiotensin receptor antagonist, significantly reduced proteinuria versus irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, at 36 weeks (primary endpoint) in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy in the phase 3 PROTECT trial's previously reported interim analysis. Here, we report kidney function and outcomes over 110 weeks from the double-blind final analysis.MethodsPROTECT, a double-blind, randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 study, was done across 134 clinical practice sites in 18 countries throughout the Americas, Asia, and Europe. Patients aged 18 years or older with biopsy-proven primary IgA nephropathy and proteinuria of at least 1·0 g per day despite maximised renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 12 weeks were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive sparsentan (target dose 400 mg oral sparsentan once daily) or irbesartan (target dose 300 mg oral irbesartan once daily) based on a permuted-block randomisation method. The primary endpoint was proteinuria change between treatment groups at 36 weeks. Secondary endpoints included rate of change (slope) of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), changes in proteinuria, a composite of kidney failure (confirmed 40% eGFR reduction, end-stage kidney disease, or all-cause mortality), and safety and tolerability up to 110 weeks from randomisation. Secondary efficacy outcomes were assessed in the full analysis set and safety was assessed in the safety set, both of which were defined as all patients who were randomly assigned and received at least one dose of randomly assigned study drug. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03762850.FindingsBetween Dec 20, 2018, and May 26, 2021, 203 patients were randomly assigned to the sparsentan group and 203 to the irbesartan group. One patient from each group did not receive the study drug and was excluded from the efficacy and safety analyses (282 [70%] of 404 included patients were male and 272 [67%] were White) . Patients in the sparsentan group had a slower rate of eGFR decline than those in the irbesartan group. eGFR chronic 2-year slope (weeks 6–110) was −2·7 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year versus −3·8 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (difference 1·1 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year, 95% CI 0·1 to 2·1; p=0·037); total 2-year slope (day 1–week 110) was −2·9 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year versus −3·9 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (difference 1·0 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year, 95% CI −0·03 to 1·94; p=0·058). The significant reduction in proteinuria at 36 weeks with sparsentan was maintained throughout the study period; at 110 weeks, proteinuria, as determined by the change from baseline in urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, was 40% lower in the sparsentan group than in the irbesartan group (−42·8%, 95% CI −49·8 to −35·0, with sparsentan versus −4·4%, −15·8 to 8·7, with irbesartan; geometric least-squares mean ratio 0·60, 95% CI 0·50 to 0·72). The composite kidney failure endpoint was reached by 18 (9%) of 202 patients in the sparsentan group versus 26 (13%) of 202 patients in the irbesartan group (relative risk 0·7, 95% CI 0·4 to 1·2). Treatment-emergent adverse events were well balanced between sparsentan and irbesartan, with no new safety signals.InterpretationOver 110 weeks, treatment with sparsentan versus maximally titrated irbesartan in patients with IgA nephropathy resulted in significant reductions in proteinuria and preservation of kidney function