Sistema de controle de pesca de Mato Grosso do Sul SCPESCA/MS 2 - 1995.

Neste documento encontram-se as informacoes coletadas e organizadas pelo Sistema de Controle da Pesca de Mato Grosso do Sul - SCPESCA/MS, para o ano de 1995. Essas informacoes foram obtidas para todo o pescado (profissional e esportivo) oficialmente vistoriado e desembarcado no Estado. Foi registrado um total de 1.399 toneladas de pescado, onde 31,4% correspondem a pesca profissional e a 68,6% a pesca esportiva. As especies mais capturadas foram: pacu (427t), pintado (280t), piavucu (129t), cachara (108t), jau (55t), barbado (50t) e piranha (48t). A contribuicao dos rios mais piscosos foi: Paraguai 53,1%, Miranda 19,8%, Aquidauana 7,1%, Taquari 5,2% e Cuiaba (localmente conhecido como Sao Lourenco) 3,2%. Um total de 43.921 pescadores esprotivos visitaram o Estado, com maior concentracao nos meses de julho a outubro, provenientes, principalmente, de Sao Paulo (71,1%), Parana (11,0%) e Minas Gerais (7,1%). Em mediana, os pescadores profissionais realizaram viagens de pesca com duracao de 1 a 7 dias, capturando entre 36 e 84kg de pescado por viagem; os pescadores esportivos realizaram viagens de pesca com duracao de 4 a 5 dias, capturando entre 20 a 27kg de pescado por viagem.bitstream/item/37438/1/BP14.pd

Beneficial Effects of HIV Peptidase Inhibitors on Fonsecaea pedrosoi: Promising Compounds to Arrest Key Fungal Biological Processes and Virulence

BACKGROUND: Fonsecaea pedrosoi is the principal etiologic agent of chromoblastomycosis, a fungal disease whose pathogenic events are poorly understood. Current therapy for chromoblastomycosis is suboptimal due to toxicity of the available therapeutic agents and the emergence of drug resistance. Compounding these problems is the fact that endemic countries and regions are economically poor. PURPOSE AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the present work, we have investigated the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) peptidase inhibitors (PIs) on the F. pedrosoi conidial secreted peptidase, growth, ultrastructure and interaction with different mammalian cells. All the PIs impaired the acidic conidial-derived peptidase activity in a dose-dependent fashion, in which nelfinavir produced the best inhibitory effect. F. pedrosoi growth was also significantly reduced upon exposure to PIs, especially nelfinavir and saquinavir. PIs treatment caused profound changes in the conidial ultrastructure as shown by transmission electron microscopy, including invaginations in the cytoplasmic membrane, disorder and detachment of the cell wall, enlargement of fungi cytoplasmic vacuoles, and abnormal cell division. The synergistic action on growth ability between nelfinavir and amphotericin B, when both were used at sub-inhibitory concentrations, was also observed. PIs reduced the adhesion and endocytic indexes during the interaction between conidia and epithelial cells (CHO), fibroblasts or macrophages, in a cell type-dependent manner. Moreover, PIs interfered with the conidia into mycelia transformation when in contact with CHO and with the susceptibility killing by macrophage cells. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Overall, by providing the first evidence that HIV PIs directly affects F. pedrosoi development and virulence, these data add new insights on the wide-spectrum efficacy of HIV PIs, further arguing for the potential chemotherapeutic targets for aspartyl-type peptidase produced by this human pathogen

Decreased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation of Goto-Kakizaki rats: Relationship to mitochondrial antioxidant capacity

The respiratory function and the antioxidant capacity of liver mitochondrial preparations isolated from Goto-Kakizaki non-insulin dependent diabetic rats and from Wistar control rats, with the age of 6 months, were compared. It was found that Goto-Kakizaki mitochondrial preparations presented a higher coupling between oxidative and phosphorylative systems, compared to non-diabetic preparations. Goto-Kakizaki mitochondria presented a lower susceptibility to lipid peroxidation induced by ADP/Fe2+, as evaluated by the formation of thiobarbituric acid substances. The decreased susceptibility to peroxidation in diabetic rats was correlated with an increase in mitochondrial vitamin E ([alpha]-tocopherol) content and GSH/GSSG ratio. Moreover, the glutathione reductase activity was significantly increased, whereas the glutathione peroxidase was decreased. Superoxide dismutase activity was unchanged in diabetic rats. Fatty acid analyses showed that the content in polyunsaturated fatty acids of Goto-Kakizaki mitochondrial membranes was significantly higher compared to controls. These results indicate that the lower susceptibility to lipid peroxidation of mitochondria from diabetic rats was related to their antioxidant defense systems, and may correspond to an adaptative response of the cells against oxidative stress in the early phase of diabetes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T99-3X8G9CD-5/1/b5e217dc4a404181393f80ec4d7df98

Decomposition of the Wave Manifold into Lax Admissible Regions and its Application to the Solution of Riemann Problems

We utilize a three-dimensional manifold to solve Riemann Problems that arise from a system of two conservation laws with quadratic flux functions. Points in this manifold represent potential shock waves, hence its name wave manifold. This manifold is subdivided into regions according to the Lax admissibility inequalities for shocks. Finally, we present solutions for the Riemann Problems for various cases and exhibit continuity relative to $L$ and $R$ data, despite the fact that the system is not strictly hyperbolic. The usage of this manifold regularizes the solutions despite the presence of an elliptic region.Comment: 42 pages, 48 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1908.0187

Promoting Teachers’ Wellbeing Using a Compassionate Mind Training Intervention: Exploring Mechanisms of Change

Objectives The current study aimed to examine the mechanisms of change of a compassionate mind training intervention for teachers (CMT-T). In particular, we examined whether changes in the three flows of compassion, fears of compassion, and emotions at work (safe, drive, and threat) mediated the effects of the CMT-T in burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress, and in overall positive affect. Methods As part of a two-arm randomized controlled trial and a stepped-wedge design, the study included all participants who completed the 8-week CMT-T intervention either at Time 1 or at Time 2 (n = 103). At pre- and post-intervention, participants completed measures of compassion, fears of compassion, emotional climate in the workplace, burnout, psychopathological symptoms, and positive affect. Results Mediation analyses revealed that increases in the flows of compassion and reductions in fears of compassion from others mediated the effects of CMT-T on teachers' depression, anxiety, stress, and burnout levels. In the case of the reduction in stress symptoms from pre- to post-intervention, compassion for self, fears of self-compassion, and fears of receiving compassion from others emerged as significant mediators of this change. The three flows of compassion and fears of compassion (for self and from others) were significant mediators of the impact of CMT-T on changes in teachers’ anxiety levels from baseline to post-intervention. A decrease in fears of compassion from others and an increase in drive emotions mediated changes in depressive symptoms following CMT-T. Concerning burnout, all flows of compassion and fear of compassion from others mediated the changes from baseline to post-intervention. Changes in positive affect following CMT-T were mediated by increases in the flows of compassion, and emotions related to soothing-safeness and drive systems in the workplace. Serial mediational models showed that the effect of CMT-T on teachers’ burnout was partially mediated by reductions in fears of compassion (for self and from others) and stress. Conclusions CMT-T effectively improves teachers’ wellbeing and reduces burnout and psychological distress through the cultivation of their ability to experience, direct, and be open to compassion, and the strengthening of the soothing-safeness and the drive systems in the school context

Antimicrobial activity of a library of thioxanthones and their potential as efflux pump inhibitors

The overexpression of efflux pumps is one of the causes of multidrug resistance, which leads to the inefficacy of drugs. This plays a pivotal role in antimicrobial resistance, and the most notable pumps are the AcrAB-TolC system (AcrB belongs to the resistance-nodulation-division family) and the NorA, from the major facilitator superfamily. In bacteria, these structures can also favor virulence and adaptation mechanisms, such as quorum-sensing and the formation of biofilm. In this study, the design and synthesis of a library of thioxanthones as potential efflux pump inhib-itors are described. The thioxanthone derivatives were investigated for their antibacterial activity and inhibition of efflux pumps, biofilm formation, and quorum-sensing. The compounds were also studied for their potential to interact with P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1), an efflux pump present in mammalian cells, and for their cytotoxicity in both mouse fibroblasts and human Caco-2 cells. The results concerning the real-time ethidium bromide accumulation may suggest a potential bacterial efflux pump inhibition, which has not yet been reported for thioxanthones. Moreover, in vitro studies in human cells demonstrated a lack of cytotoxicity for concentrations up to 20 µM in Caco-2 cells, with some derivatives also showing potential for P-gp modulation.This research was supported by national funds through FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) within the scope of UIDB/04423/2020, UIDP/04423/2020 (Group of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry-CIIMAR), and under the project PTDC/SAU-PUB/28736/2017 (reference POCI-01–0145-FEDER-028736), co-financed by COMPETE 2020, Portugal 2020 and the European Union through the ERDF and by FCT through national funds and structured program of R&D&I ATLANTIDA (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000040), supported by NORTE2020, through ERDF, and CHIRALBIO ACTIVE-PI-3RL-IINFACTS-2019

Low-energy proton increases associated with interplanetary shock waves

Impulsive increases in the low energy proton flux observed by the Explorer 34 satellite, in very close time association with geomagnetic storm sudden commencements are described. It is shown that these events are of short duration (20-30 min) and occur only during the decay phase of a solar cosmic-ray flare event. The differential energy spectrum and the angular distribution of the direction of arrival of the particles are discussed. Two similar increases observed far away from the earth by the Pioneer 7 and 8 deep-space probes are also presented. These impulsive increases are compared with Energetic Storm Particle events and their similarities and differences are discussed. A model is suggested to explain these increases, based on the sweeping and trapping of low energy cosmic rays of solar origin by the advancing shock front responsible for the sudden commencement detected on the Earth

Influence of the Shading on Growth Seedlings of Louro Pirarucu (Licaria canella (Meissn.) Kosterm.)

This paper evaluates the shading effect on seedlings of "Louro Pirarucu" (Licaria canella(Meissn) Kosterm. - Lauraceae). The trial was set up in the nursery at Adolph Ducke forest reserve. The seeds were germinated in wooden boxes with washed sand as a substrate. After seed germination, the seedlings were transplanted to black polyethylene bags. Four levels of shading (0%, 30%, 50% and 70%) is analyzed. Shading treatments were obtained with plastic shade clothes of different meshes. The experimental design was the randomized blocks with split-plot. Shading levels were considered plots and period of harvesting as sub-plots. Evaluations of potted seedlings were done after 30, 60 and 90 days for the following parameters: height, leaf area, leaf area ratio, aerial dry weight and root dry weight. The results suggest that: a) potted seedlings grown under 50% of shade presented higher values of aerial weight and root weight than plants under full sunlight radiation; b) height, leaf area and leaf area ratio were not significantly influenced by shading treatments; c) higher values of height and root weight were observed after 90 days.Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos níveis de sombreamento no desenvolvimento de mudas de Louro pirarucu (Licaria canella(Meissn.) Kosterm. - Lauraceae), conduziu-se um ensaio em viveiro na Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke. As sementes foram colocadas para germinar em caixas de madeira contendo areia lavada como substrato e posteriormente foi feito o transplante das mudas para sacos plásticos de cor preta. Utitizou-se quatro diferentes níveis de sombreamento. Os níveis de 30%, 50% e 70% de sombreamento foram obtidos por meio de telas de poliolefinas de cor preta e o nível de 0% a céu aberto. Foi empregado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas; os níveis de sombreamento constituíram as parcelas e os períodos de avaliação das mudas as subparcelas. Após 30,60 e 90 dias de permanência no viveiro, as mudas foram avaliadas quanto à altura, área foliar, razão de área foliar, peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Baseando-se nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluira) as mudas produzidas sob 50% de sombreamento apresentaram maiores valores de peso da parte aérea e do sistema radicular quando comparadas com 0% de sombreamento ; b) a altura, área foliar e razão de área foliar não foram influenciadas significativamente pelos níveis de sombreamento; c) as mudas com maior desenvolvimento em altura e maior peso do sistema radicular foram obtidas com 90 dias