Farmer’s participatory research thirty-four years of Operational Research Project on dryland agriculture(1984-2018)

Not AvailableOperational Research Project on Dryland Agriculture was initiated at Ananthapuramu under All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture under ICAR and Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) to meet the dryland research needs on farmers’ participatory approach in Scarce Rainfall Zone of Andhra Pradesh and similar land topography rainfall and other natural resources in the country. The research experiences are documented as “Farmers’ Participatory Research-Three Decades of Operational Research Project onDrylandAgriculture (1984-2018)”. This book contains enormous analysis and feedback and research finding of ORP on DrylandAgriculture over three decades in different watersheds. We are sure that the book will be of immense use of extension scientists, students and agriculture and allied department staff working in DrylandAgriculture and watershed management. The authors express their profound gratitude to Dr.V.Damodara Naidu, Honb’le Vice Chancellor, Dr.N.V.Naidu, Director of Research, ANGRAU, Lam,Guntur and Dr.M.Subba Rao, Associate Director of Research, RARS, Nandyal for their encouragement, valuable guidance in bringing out this publication. The team owe sincere gratitude to Dr.G.Ravindra Chary, Project Coordinator and Director(Acting), Dr. K.A. Gopinath, Principal Scientist (Agronomy), AICRP for Dryland Agriculture and team at CRIDA, Hyderabad, Dr.T.Yellamanda Reddy, Former Dean of Agriculture , ANGRAU, and Dr.G.Maruthi Shankar , Principal Scientist (Statistics) Rtd., CRIDA, Hyderabad for their valuable suggestions and financial support enabled to prepare the publication. The team thanks are due to former Chief Scientists, Scientists, Research Associates and Supporting Staff of AICRPDA, both ORP centre and main centre, for their contribution in the preparation of the book .Not Availabl

DNA microarray revealed and RNAi plants confirmed key genes conferring low Cd accumulation in barley grains

List of genes down-regulated in both W6nk2 and Zhenong8 after 15 days exposure to 5 ΟM Cd. (DOC 130 kb

Dynamic Changes in the MicroRNA Expression Profile Reveal Multiple Regulatory Mechanisms in the Spinal Nerve Ligation Model of Neuropathic Pain

Neuropathic pain resulting from nerve lesions or dysfunction represents one of the most challenging neurological diseases to treat. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for causing these maladaptive responses can help develop novel therapeutic strategies and biomarkers for neuropathic pain. We performed a miRNA expression profiling study of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissue from rats four weeks post spinal nerve ligation (SNL), a model of neuropathic pain. TaqMan low density arrays identified 63 miRNAs whose level of expression was significantly altered following SNL surgery. Of these, 59 were downregulated and the ipsilateral L4 DRG, not the injured L5 DRG, showed the most significant downregulation suggesting that miRNA changes in the uninjured afferents may underlie the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. TargetScan was used to predict mRNA targets for these miRNAs and it was found that the transcripts with multiple predicted target sites belong to neurologically important pathways. By employing different bioinformatic approaches we identified neurite remodeling as a significantly regulated biological pathway, and some of these predictions were confirmed by siRNA knockdown for genes that regulate neurite growth in differentiated Neuro2A cells. In vitro validation for predicted target sites in the 3′-UTR of voltage-gated sodium channel Scn11a, alpha 2/delta1 subunit of voltage-dependent Ca-channel, and purinergic receptor P2rx ligand-gated ion channel 4 using luciferase reporter assays showed that identified miRNAs modulated gene expression significantly. Our results suggest the potential for miRNAs to play a direct role in neuropathic pain

<b>Ethno-entomological practices in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu</b>

442-446Insect based traditional knowledge on medicinal importance, although in usage from ancient times, is still less explored. Ancient palm leaf literature reveals that numerous insect species were advantageously utilized by tribal and village physicians for medicine. Kanikars and Paliyars, the tribal people living in Western Ghats of Tirunelveli district and village physicians use insects to prepare medicine. In the present investigation, 11 species of insects used to prepare traditional medicine were identified and details about their therapeutic value are enumerated. Insects are used as medicine to cure various ailments like urinary diseases, neurological problems, hair loss, skin diseases, respiratory illness, etc. Also insects like termites are consumed as healthy food

Toxicological studies of Caesalpinia sappan wood derived dye in Wister albino rats

Natural dyes taken from the barks of the tree Caesalpinia sappan has been used in many consumer products. Hence it is imperative to test the toxicity of this dye. In the present study an investigation was conducted to find out the toxic effect of aqueous extract of the dye C. sappan in test animal Wister albino rats. Acute oral toxicity showed no clinical signs of toxicity and no mortality even at a dose level of 100–2000 mg/kg in 14 days observation period. When a dose level above 2500 mg/kg was given for 28 days, no death was noticed up to the dose level 5000 mg/kg body weight. The weight of the tested rats was not significantly reduced, when compared with the control group. The organ-body weight ratio of kidney, liver and abdomen did not change when compared to the control group in the observation period. The less toxicity of the dyes of C. sappan

SUPPLEMENTATION OF SUGARY PRODUCTS TO THE MULBERRY SILK WORM, BOMBYX MORI TO ENHANCE ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS.

The feeding efficiency of mulberry silkworm Bombyx mon was tested by supplementing mulberry leaves coated with three types of sweety products, Palmyrajaggary, Protinex - jaggary and honey - jaggary. The silkworms fed with mulberry leaves that were coated with jaggery and Protinex - jaggary showed a higher feed consumption rate and conversion efficiencies when compared with control. Also the high consumption of mulberry leaves supplemented and that were coated with sugary products increasd the economic parameters of the silkworm. Jaggery and Protinex - jaggary provided worms showed an increase in cocoon weight (18.43%, 16.01%), shell ratio (34.0%, 26.6%) and filament length (15.9%, 40.3%). Also the incidence of.bacterial infection was less in jaggary - Prôtinex trated worms. This observation adds an interesting note that the silkworm B. mon too prefers sugary products like other insects

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF AMINO ACIDS LEUCINE AND VALINE ON THE ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF SILKWORM BOMBYX MORI L. (BOMBYCIDAE : LEPIDOPTERA)

Effect of aminoacid enrichment with mulberry leaves on the economic characters of the silkworm Bombyx mori L. was traced. Mulberry leaves enriched with amino acids showed significant effect in larval weight. cocoon Weight, shell weight, shell ratio and filament length. The amino acid concentration (leucine) at 100 ppm was very effective. Mulberry leaves enriched with amino acid (leucine at 10ppm) fed larvae recorded a maximum cocoon weight (1760mg), pupal weight (1458mg), shell weight (302mg), shell ratio(17.16%). and filament length (510M). shell weight in this treatment (100ppm) showed an increase of 34.22% over control and filament length is also 15.91% increase over the control. Various growth parameters like relative consumption rate (RCR), relative growth rate (RGR), weight gain, approximate digestibility (AD). efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) were modulated by the amino acid supplementation. &nbsp