Synthesis, growth, and structural, optical, mechanical, electrical properties of a new inorganic nonlinear optical crystal: Sodium manganese tetrachloride (SMTC)

A new inorganic nonlinear optical single crystal of sodium manganese tetrachloride (SMTC) has been successfully grown from aqueous solution using the slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The crystals obtained using the aforementioned method were characterized using different techniques. The crystalline nature of the as-grown crystal of SMTC was analyzed using powder X-ray diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystal belongs to an orthorhombic system with non-centrosymmetric space group Pbam. The optical transmission study of the SMTC crystal revealed high transmittance in the entire UV–vis region, and the lower cut-off wavelength was determined to be 240 nm. The mechanical strength of the as-grown crystal was estimated using the Vickers microhardness test. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the crystal was measured using Kurtz's powder technique, which indicated that the crystal has a nonlinear optical (NLO) efficiency that is 1.32 times greater than that of KDP. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the compound were measured at different temperatures with varying frequencies. The photoconductivity study confirmed that the title compound possesses a negative photoconducting nature. The growth mechanism and surface features of the as-grown crystals were investigated using chemical etching analysis

Investigation on Pure and L-lysine Doped (Tri) Glycine Barium Chloride (TGBC) Single Crystal for Nonlinear Optical Applications

International audienceSingle crystals of pure and L-lysine doped (tri) glycine barium chloride (TGBC) were grown by slow solvent evaporation technique with the vision to improve the physicochemical properties of the sample. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of both pure and doped samples was carried out and the results are compared. Optical absorption and FTIR spectroscopic studies are performed to identify the UV cutoff wavelength range and the presence of various functional groups in the grown crystals. The thermos-gravimetric (TG) analysis of L-lysine doped TGBC indicates a marginal increase in the thermal stability of the crystals. The SHG efficiency of pure and doped TGBC was discussed

Novel Fluorite Structured Superparamagnetic RbGdF₄ Nanocrystals as Versatile Upconversion Host

Fluorite structured nanocrystals of RbGdF₄ in cubic symmetry have successfully been synthesized by employing a simple, one-step, and template-free wet chemical method at room temperature. Considering the structural model of cubic KLaF₄ in the <i>Fm̅</i>3<i>m</i> space group, the observed powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern was fitted by the Le Bail procedure with the cubic lattice constant of <i>a</i> = 5.8244 (1) Å. Both high-resolution transmission electron microscopic (HR-TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed the monodispersity of the nanocrystals with their size in the range of 2–18 nm. Upon excitation at 980 nm, Yb³⁺, (Er³⁺/Ho³⁺/Tm³⁺) codoped RbGdF₄ nanocrystals showed multicolor upconversion including red, yellow, blue, and the combination of basic color (near-white) emissions. Also, near-white upconversion emission from Yb³⁺, Ho³⁺, Tm³⁺ triply doped cubic RbGdF₄ nanocrystals was observed at varying laser power densities. RbGdF₄ nanocrystals exhibited superparamagnetic behavior with a molar magnetic susceptibility of 2.61 × 10^–2 emu·Oe^–1·mol^–1 at room temperature, while at low temperature (5 K) a saturation magnetization value of 90.41 emu·g^–1 at an applied field of at 10 kOe was observed. Non-interaction of the localized magnetic moment of Gd³⁺ ions in the host matrix has been reasoned out for the observed superparamagnetic behavior. From the Langevin fit of the magnetic data, the average particle diameter obtained was approximately 2.2 nm, matching well with the values from other measurements. RbGdF₄ nanocrystals exhibited a large ionic longitudinal relaxivity (<i>r</i>₁ = 2.30 s^–1·mM^–1), suggesting their potential applicability as a promising agent for <i>T</i>₁ contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in addition to the applications arising from the coupling of optical and magnetic functions such as multiplexing biodetection, bioimaging (optical and MRI), and other optical technologies

Synthesis of the semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal l-glutamic acid zinc chloride and investigation of its growth and physiochemical properties

The aim of this study is to synthesize and investigate the growth and physiochemical properties of the nonlinear optical semi-organic crystal l-glutamic acid zinc chloride (LGAZC). An optically transparent and defect-free crystal was grown with the slow evaporation solution growth technique under optimized conditions. The induction periods were measured at various supersaturations, and the interfacial energies were evaluated. Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the crystal has an orthorhombic structure with space group P212121, and the calculated lattice parameters are a = 5.20 Ã, b = 6.99 Ã, c = 17.58 Ã, α = β = γ = 90° and volume = 623.411 Ã3. Spectroscopic properties were investigated by recording the Fourier transform infrared and optical transmission spectra. The thermal decomposition of the grown crystal was investigated by Thermo Gravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA). The LGAZC crystal exhibits second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency 1.5 times that of inorganic KDP crystal. The presence of the metal ion (Zn+) in a grown crystal was identified by EDAX spectrum analysis. The photoconductivity study demonstrates that LGAZC crystal has a positive photo conducting nature. The dielectric response of the LGAZC crystal was investigated and reported. Keywords: Semi-organic nonlinear optical crystal, X-ray Diffraction, UV-vis-NIR, Thermal stud

Synthesis, growth and characterization of semiorganic nonlinear optical single crystal bis(thiourea) barium nitrate (BTBN) for frequency conversion

A novel semiorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, bis(thiourea) barium nitrate (BTBN) was synthesized and grown by slow evaporation method. Structure of the new crystalline compound was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and it showed that BTBN belongs to orthorhombic crystal system. The crystalline nature of the BTBN was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction study. Important functional groups of BTBN were identified by FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. UV-Vis-NIR spectral study showed that the grown crystal is transparent in the entire visible region with low cut off wavelength of 304 nm. BTBN exhibits a SHG efficiency which is nearly 2.38 times higher than that of KDP. The BTBN crystal has high mechanical strength and belongs to soft category, which was confirmed by micorhardness study. The thermal stability of BTBN was determined from TGA and DTA thermal study which revealed that the BTBN crystal has thermal stability up to 243.1 °C. The surface properties and presence of elements was analyzed by SEM and EDAX study, respectively