9 research outputs found

    EVALUACION DEL COMPORTAMIENTO PRODUCTIVO DE Cyclanthera pedata EN UN CULTIVO ACUAPÓNICO Y CONVENCIONAL – YARINACOCHA

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    The aim of this research was to evaluate the productive behavior of Cyclanthera pedata in an aquaponic and conventional crop in the District of Yarinacocha, Ucayali Region. The aquaponic system was supported by the breeding of Piaractus brachypomus "Paco", conditioned in aging tanks. The seedlings were stored until they were 16.33 cm high, they were transplanted both in the log bed (with an irrigation system from the fish culture tanks, with 15 minutes of irrigation and 45 minutes of rest), as in ridges on the ground, the corresponding agronomic management was performed, the Completely Random Design (DCA) was applied, with 2 treatments and 3 repetitions; It was determined that, the aquaponics cultivation of caigua, presented higher values ​​for number of immature fruits, fruit weight, number of fruits per hectare and yield per hectare; while the conventional system was better in terms of fruit length;  no significant differences were found for the fruit diameter in each production system.  The production of the caigua was affected by the percentage of survival, the percentages being low in both systems.Se busca evaluar el comportamiento productivo de Cyclanthera pedata en un cultivo acuapónico y convencional en el Distrito de Yarinacocha, Región Ucayali. El sistema acuapónico estuvo sustentado por la crianza de Piaractus brachypomus “Paco”, acondicionados en tanques de crianza. Se realizó el almacigado de las plántulas hasta que tengan 16.33 cm de altura, se trasplantó en una cama de graba (con un sistema de riego proveniente de los tanques de cultivo de peces, con 15 minutos de riego y 45 minutos de descanso), y en camellones en el suelo, se realizó el manejo agronómico correspondiente, se aplicó un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA), con 2 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones; determinándose que, el cultivo de la caigua en un sistema acuapónico presentó mayores valores para  el peso de fruto, número de frutos por hectárea y rendimiento por hectárea; mientras que el sistema convencional, fue mejor en cuanto a la longitud de fruto; en cuanto al diámetro de fruto no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos sistemas de cultivo

    EFECTO DE DIFERENTES CONCENTRACIONES DE BENCILAMINOPURINA EN LA MICROPROPAGACIÓN DE DOS VARIEDADES DE AJÍES NATIVOS (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) EN PUCALLPA

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    The effect of different concentrations of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the micropropagation of native chili (sweet chili and pucunucho chili) was verified. Seeds were disinfected with 2 % sodium hypochlorite for 30 minutes, rinsed with sterile distilled water and sown in culture medium with salts and vitamins from Murashige & Skoog, supplemented with 30 g L-1 of sucrose, 11 g L-1 of agar and without growth regulators. After 45 days of in vitro development, the seedlings were transferred to Murashige & Skoog medium, adding different concentrations of BAP (0 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm and 1.5 ppm). It is concluded that the sanitization of the seeds of sweet chili and pucunucho chili with 2 % sodium hypochlorite for 30 minutes generated 100 % of healthy seeds. The concentrations of BAP studied were effective for the increase in the length of stems, number of roots, number of leaves, nodes and callus formation in sweet chili seedlings. On the other hand, for the seedlings of pucunucho chili, the increase in the number of leaves, nodes and roots occurred in the absence of concentrations of BAP, except for the generation of callus tissue.Se verificó el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de Bencilaminopurina (BAP) en la micropropagación de ajíes nativos (ají dulce y ají pucunucho). Semillas fueron desinfectadas con hipoclorito de sodio al 2 % por 30 minutos, enjuagadas con agua destilada estéril y sembradas en medio de cultivo con sales y vitaminas de Murashige y Skoog, suplementados con 30 g L-1 de sacarosa, 11 g L-1 de agar y sin reguladores de crecimiento. Después de 45 días de desarrollo in vitro, las plántulas fueron transferidas al medio Murashige y Skoog adicionando diferentes concentraciones de BAP (0 ppm, 0,5 ppm, 1 ppm y 1,5 ppm). Se concluye que la higienización de las semillas de ají dulce y ají pucunucho con hipoclorito de sodio 2 % por 30 minutos generó 100 % de semillas sanas. Las concentraciones de BAP estudiadas fueron eficaces para el aumento en la longitud de tallos, número de raíces, número de hojas, nudos y formación de callos en plántulas de ají dulce. En cambio, para las plántulas de ají pucunucho el aumento del número de hojas, nudos y raíces se dio en ausencia de concentraciones de BAP, a excepción de la generación de tejido calloso

    Beetles, ants, wasps, or flies? An ethnobiological study of edible insects among the Awajún Amerindians in Amazonas, Peru

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    Abstract Background Insects are known to be able to provide valuable nutrients to indigenous populations across the Amazon. However, studies on traditional insect use in the Peruvian Amazon are scarce. This study documents edible insect diversity and characterizes their food and collection patterns in eight Awajún communities in the Peruvian Amazon. Additionally, we reviewed what has been known to date about the nutrient composition of the documented species. Methods The survey was conducted among the Awajún populations living in the Huampami, Paisa, Achu, and Tseasim communities in the Cenepa district and the Shijap, San Mateo, Kusu, and Listra communities in the Imaza district. Data collection was conducted through a freelisting exercise complemented by a semi-structured inquiry form in the Awajún language. In total, 104 informants (72 men and 32 women) aged between 16 to 73 years were interviewed. Results The Awajún people use at least 12 insect species, with Rhynchophorus palmarum, Atta cephalotes, and Rhinostomus barbirostris being the most important ones. Beetles of the family Curculionidae represent the culturally most salient taxon. In the more accessible and developed Imaza district, the Awajún tend to eat almost exclusively R. palmarum, while in the more isolated and preserved Cenepa district, the community’s preferences are linked with more species. Although men are the main insect collectors, women cited more edible insects on average. The insects are eaten mainly roasted or raw. Further use patterns and differences between the districts are discussed. Conclusion Traditional knowledge related to edible insects and the ecosystems they occur in is widespread among the Awajún populations, and insects still represent an important part of the indigenous food system. This ethnobiological survey discovered five species that are newly recorded as edible insects. Chemical composition of insects deemed edible by the Awajún ought to be analyzed in the future and awareness about their nutritional importance should be raised to harness the potential of this underutilized yet nutrient-rich traditional food

    USO DE UN ENRAIZANTE EN LA PROPAGACIÓN VEGETATIVA DEL PLÁTANO (Musa paradisiaca L.) CLON HARTON EN CONDICIONES DE CÁMARA TÉRMICA

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    The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different doses of the rooting agent Root-Hor® in the multiplication of suckers of the Harton clone (bellaco plantain) under thermal chamber conditions in the province of Padre Abad, Aguaytía, Peru. A thermal chamber 3m wide x 5m long and 1.8m high was built and lined with transparent plastic. In the rooting beds, compost was used as a base to form a layer 10cm deep, followed by phosphate rock sprinkled all over the bed and finally a 40cm layer of sawdust was added.Corms of healthy mother plants with an average weight of 2kg were selected, from which the central growth point was eliminated by making a cone cut 4cm deep in each corm. These were disinfected with a solution of 5% sodium hypochlorite for 3 minutes and then treated with the Root-Hor® rooting agent according to the doses studied (0ml/100L, 50ml/100L, 100ml/100L, 150ml/100L and 200ml/100L). Finally, they were placed in the rooting beds inside the thermal chamber, showing that the application of 150ml/100L of Root-Hor® achieved 8.2 suckers/corm, 330.4 g of weight/suckling, 118.2 cm of sucker height, 4 cm diameter of sucker, 20.4 roots/sucker and 25cm of root length, surpassing the other applications of Root-Hor® and the control,showing efficiency in the vegetative propagation of the Harton clone under thermal chamber conditions.El objetivo en este trabajo fue determinar el efecto de diferentes dosis del enraizante Root-Hor® en la multiplicación de hijuelos del clon de plátano Hartón (plátano bellaco) bajo condiciones de cámara térmica en la provincia de Padre Abad, Aguaytía, Perú, para lo cual, se construyó una cámara térmica y en las camas de enraizamiento, se utilizó compost como base, formando una capa de 10 cm, seguido, se espolvoreó roca fosfórica en toda la cama y finalmente, se agregó una capa de aserrín de 40 cm de espesor. Se seleccionaron cormos de plantas madres sanas, con un promedio de peso de 2 kg, al cual se le eliminó el punto de crecimiento central haciendo un corte en cono de 4 cm de profundidad en cada cormo. Fueron desinfectados con una solución de hipoclorito de sodio 5% por 3 minutos, enseguida fueron tratados con el enraizante Root-Hor® de acuerdo a las dosis estudiadas (0 ml/100 L, 50m l/100 L, 100 ml/100 L, 150 ml/100 L y 200 ml/100 L), finalmente fueron colocados en las camas de enraizamiento, dentro de la cámara térmica, demostrándose que la aplicación de 150 ml/100 L de Root-Hor® logró 8,2 hijuelos/cormo, 330,4 g de peso/hijuelo, 118,2 cm de altura de hijuelo, 4 cm de diámetro de hijuelo, 20,4 raíces/hijuelo y 25 cm de longitud de raíces, superando a las otras aplicaciones de Root-Hor® y al testigo, mostrando eficiencia en la propagación vegetativa del clon Hartón en condiciones de cámara térmica

    EFECTO DE DIFERENTES CONCENTRACIONES DE ÁCIDO INDOLBUTÍRICO EN EL ENRAIZAMIENTO DE ESTAQUILLAS DE Annona muricata “GUANÁBANA” EN CÁMARA DE SUBIRRIGACIÓN

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    The objective of the investigation was to determine the effect of different concentrations of Indolbutyric Acid (AIB) on the rooting of Annona muricata «Guanabana» cuttings in the sub-irrigation chamber, which was developed in the agroforestry vivarium of the Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonía (UNIA), located at km 0.63 of the San José de Tushmo road, Yarinacocha district, Coronel Portillo province, Ucayali region, Perú, between the months of August to October of 2017. Soursop cuttings were collected, cutting the twigs with pruning shears, with 10-12 cm in length, and a diameter of 0.5 cm, and then cutting half of the leaves with a scalpel. The cuttings were disinfected with fungicide, for 10 minutes and ventilated for 10 minutes, then they were introduced about 1 cm from their base, in a container containing the different AIB solutions, by 3 seconds, and with the help of a fan were dried for 1 minute, so that the alcohol evaporates and the hormone can be fixed, and then installed inside the subirrigation chamber according to the treatments studied (0 ppm of AIB, 1000 ppm of AIB, 2000 ppm of AIB and 3000 ppm of AIB); concluding that, for the number of roots, the control treatment (0 ppm of AIB) and the treatment with 2000 ppm AIB, presented the best averages (3.55 and 3.39 roots respectively), not finding significant differences between treatments for the length of roots, and for the percentage of rooted cuttings, the treatment with 1000 ppm of AIB, presented the best average (41%) and finally, for the percentage of survival, the treatment with 2000 ppm of AIB presented the best average (99.33 %).La investigación tuvo como objetivo, determinar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de Ácido Indolbutírico (AIB) en el enraizamiento de estaquillas de Annona muricata «Guanábana» en cámara de subirrigación, el cual se desarrolló en el vivero agroforestal de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonía (UNIA), ubicada en el km 0,63 de la carretera San José de Tushmo, distrito de Yarinacocha, provincia de Coronel Portillo, región Ucayali, Perú, entre los meses de agosto a octubre del 2017. Las estaquillas de guanábana fueron recolectadas, cortando las ramitas con tijera de podar, de 10-12 cm de longitud, y un diámetro de 0,5 cm, para luego cortar la mitad de las hojas con un bisturí. Las estaquillas se desinfectaron con fungicida, por 10 minutos y ventilándolos 10 minutos, luego fueron introducidas cerca de 1 cm de su base, en un envase conteniendo las diferentes soluciones de AIB, por un lapso de 3 segundos, y con la ayuda de un ventilador se secaron durante 1 minuto, con el fin de que el alcohol se evapore y pueda fijarse la hormona, para luego instalarlas dentro de la cámara de subirrigación de acuerdo a los tratamientos estudiados (0 ppm de AIB, 1000 ppm de AIB, 2000 ppm de AIB y 3000 ppm de AIB); concluyendo que, para el número de raíces, el tratamiento testigo (0 ppm de AIB) y el tratamiento con 2000 ppm AIB, presentaron los mejores promedios (3,55 y 3,39 raíces respectivamente), no encontrándose diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos para la longitud de raíces, y para el porcentaje de estaquillas enraizadas, el tratamiento con 1000 ppm de AIB, presento el mejor promedio (41%) y finalmente, para el porcentaje de sobrevivencia, el tratamiento con 2000 ppm de AIB presentó el mejor promedio (99,33 %)

    Phenolic composition, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities of edible and medicinal plants from the Peruvian Amazon

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    Among 23 extracts of medicinal and edible plants tested, Mauritia flexuosa L.f., Arecaceae, showed significant antioxidant ability (DPPH and ORAC = 1062.9 and 645.9 ± 51.4 μg TE/mg extract, respectively), while Annona montana Macfad., Annonaceae, demonstrated the most promising anti-proliferative effect (IC50 for Hep-G2 and HT-29 = 2.7 and 9.0 μg/ml, respectively). However, combinatory antioxidant/anti-proliferative effect was only detected in Oenocarpus bataua Mart., Arecaceae (DPPH = 903.8 and ORAC = 1024 μg TE/mg extract; IC50 for Hep-G2 and HT-29 at 102.6 and 38.8 μg/ml, respectively) and Inga edulis Mart., Fabaceae (DPPH = 337.0 and ORAC = 795.7 μg TE/mg extract; IC50 for Hep-G2 and HT-29 at 36.3 and 57.9 μg/ml, respectively). Phenolic content was positively correlated with antioxidant potential, however not with anti-proliferative effect. None of these extracts possessed toxicity towards normal foetal lung cells, suggesting their possible use in development of novel plant-based agents with preventive and/or therapeutic action against oxidative stress-related diseases. Keywords: Antioxidant, Anticarcinogenic, Phenolic compounds, Plant extract
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