Cercosporin quantification in Cercospora coffeicola isolates by spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography: a comparative analysis

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Cercosporin production by Cercospora coffeicola isolates: spectrophotometry and HPLC quantification and image analysis

Cercosporin has excellent properties of photosensitization that have been widely used in organophotocatalyst and photodynamic therapy as well as an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, there is a need to quantify it accurately with accessible methods. A comparative analysis of cercosporin quantification obtained by spectrophotometry (SPEC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed for nineteen Cercospora coffeicola isolates from different coffee-producing municipalities in Brazil. Image analysis of cercosporin crystals was performed in isolates with either high or low production of the toxin. Our results show that SPEC and HPLC are equally valid for the cercosporin evaluation of C. coffeicola cultures grown in vitro. The isolates with high cercosporin production had a higher crystal number and size when compared to the one with low cercosporin productioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Inotuzumab ozogamicin in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Although inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) is recognized as an effective agent in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults, data on safety and efficacy in pediatric patients are scarce. We report the use of InO in 51 children with relapsed/ refractory ALL treated in the compassionate use program. In this heavily pretreated cohort, complete remission was achieved in 67% of patients with overt marrow disease. The majority (71%) of responders were negative for minimal residual disease. Responses were observed irrespective of cytogenetic subtype or number or type of prior treatment regimens. InO was welltolerated; grade 3 hepatic transaminitis or hyperbilirubinemia were noted in 6 (12%) and grade 3/4 infections in 11 (22%) patients. No patient developed sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) during InO therapy; however, 11 of 21 (52%) patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) following InO developed SOS. Downregulation of surface CD22 was detected as a possible escape mechanism in three patients who developed a subsequent relapse after InO. We conclude that InO is a well-tolerated, effective therapy for children with relapsed ALL and prospective studies are warranted. Identification of risk factors for developing post-HSCT SOS and strategies to mitigate this risk are ongoing