Caracterização das frutas de genótipos de goiabeira-serrana cultivados em sistema de base ecológica.

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Verification of the mechanism of glyphosate resistance in Italian ryegrass biotypes.

The intense use of glyphosate for weed control led to the emergence of several cases of resistance to this herbicide. Weeds can survive the application of herbicides due to several factors, which may or may not be related to the herbicide site of action. The objectives of this study were to quantify the accumulation of shikimate in ryegrass biotypes in response to glyphosate application; investigate possible mutations on the EPSPs gene in susceptible and resistant biotypes; and evaluate the response of ryegrass biotypes to the application of glyphosate after treatment with a metabolism inhibitor of cyt P450 monooxygenase

Edaphic macrofauna in degradation of animal and vegetable residues

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability to degrade organic matter by edaphic macrofauna (worms), carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and hydrogenation potential (pH) during the vermicomposting process in different organic residues. The treatments were constituted by organic residues of animal origin (bovine, ovine and equine manure) and vegetable (herb-checkmate and coffee drag), which were conditioned in plastic pots with a capacity of 10 liters, comprising five treatments in a completely randomized experimental design, with five replications. Were inoculated 150 earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida, into each plot. After 87 days, the evaluation of the multiplication of the earthworms was carried out, through its manual count and its cocoons. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, the samples were submitted to analysis of humidity at 60 °C, pH, volumetric density, chemical analysis of macronutrients and C/N ratio. There was a dominance of worms and cocoons in the process of vermicomposting in the residues of ovine manure and herb-checkmate. The macronutrients (P, K and Mg) and C/N ratio were higher in the vegetal residues, while for N higher values were found in ovine manure and coffee drag treatments, and for Ca higher value among treatments was observed in the coffee drag treatment at the end and the lowest value at initiation. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the importance of the edaphic macrofauna to the vermicomposting process, since it allows more information about its influence on the continuity of soil organic matter decomposition processes