Histories of Empire and Environmental Legacies in Africa

Societal debates about climate change have rekindled interest in environmental history approaches. This review article considers three recent books in African environmental history, on the Kruger National Park, the East African Groundnut Scheme, and on infrastructure in postcolonial Dar es Salaam. Why is it important to study the empire–environment nexus? How do African experiences relate to discussions on the Anthropocene? Taking environmental dynamics into account enriches understandings of social, political, and cultural relationships and sheds light on imperialism and its complex legacies. This article makes the case for the importance of environmental history as a category of analysis, encouraging other scholars to think “with” the environment in broader debates concerning power, identity, and social change

Mining, waste and environmental thought on the Central African Copperbelt, 1950-2000

Since the early twentieth century, the copper-mining industry on the Zambian and Congolese Copperbelt has moved millions of tonnes of earth and dramatically reshaped the landscape. Nonetheless, mining companies, governments and even residents largely overlooked the adverse environmental aspects of mining until the early 1990s. By scrutinising environmental knowledge production on the Central African Copperbelt from the 1950s until the late 1990s, particularly regarding notions of ‘waste’, this article problematises the silencing of the environmental impacts of mining. To make the environmental history of the Copperbelt visible, this article examines forestry policies, medical services and environmental protests. Moreover, by historically tracing the emergence of environmental consciousness, it contextualises the sudden ‘discovery’ of pollution in the 1990s as a local and (inter)national phenomenon. Drawing on rare archival and oral history sources, it provides one of the first cross-border environmental histories of the Central African Copperbelt

Crops and Copper:Agriculture and urbanism on the Central African Copperbelt, 1950-2000

Agricultural production has historically been integral to the central African Copperbelt’s urban growth. None the less, urban agriculture has rarely received attention in the otherwise rich Copperbelt historiography. Government and mine officials, as well as social scientists, have persistently framed urban agriculture as an informal, subsistence and feminised activity. Growing maize or vegetables has, in such views, been interpreted as a sign of rurality that is ‘out of place’ in urban areas, at best a response to poverty and crisis or a practice engaged in only by ‘thrifty housewives’. Such narratives have distorted a proper understanding of urban agriculture. Drawing on new archival sources and oral history, this article presents a different view. It compares the Zambian and the Congolese Copperbelt from 1950 until 2000 to re-evaluate urban agriculture as a normal part of everyday life, an activity central to urban livelihood, identity and belonging. Growing crops has evolved over time in response to socio-economic change, but it has always been vital to the urban life of the diverse Copperbelt population. Considering agricultural production thus contributes to debates on urbanism in central Africa and beyond

Implementasi Model Marketing 5.0 Pada Pertunjukan Wayang Kulit Di Era Digital

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas pengembangan model marketing 5.0 melalui pertunjukan wayang kulit. Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitiatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan dengan menggunaakan analisis bibliografi. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari buku dan artikel dalam jurnal ilmiah yang relevan dengan topik masalah yang diteliti. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan pemikiran yang kritis dari para ahli dengan pendekatan konstruktif dan interpretasi pada isi pokok, serta dari laman internet. Hasil – Marketing 5.0 adalah suatu ide yang mengungkapkan bahwa teknologi akan bekerja bersama manusia untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup secara berkelanjutan. Untuk memberikan solusi kepada para penggemar, pertunjukan wayang kulit perlu melakukan inovasi. Konten digital yang disajikan melalui tayangan dapat menjadi solusi untuk penggemar yang terpisah jarak dan waktu. Selain itu, hal ini juga dapat berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan perekonomian dan membangun keberlanjutan bagi masyarakat. Originalitas (Novelty) – Penelitian ini berusaha mengungkapkan pengembangan model marketing 5.0 melalui pertunjukan wayang kulit. Implikasi – Untuk masyarakat diharapkan dapat membawa dampak positif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran, apresiasi, dan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap pertunjukan wayang kulit. Dengan membangun pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang warisan budaya mereka sendiri, masyarakat dapat merasakan kebanggaan terhadap seni dan budaya mereka serta memastikan kelangsungan dan pelestariannya bagi generasi mendatang

Affective and Autonomic Responses to Erotic Images among Young Women with and without Sexual Difficulties

Existing models of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) are broad and do not provide information about how to improve existing interventions. The purpose of the current study is to extend the empirical application of a disgust model of FSD (de Jong, van Overveld, & Borg, 2013) to a population of young women reporting difficulties with sexual desire and/or arousal and related distress. Sixty college-aged females participated in the study and were placed into two groups based upon their reports of sexual functioning and sexual distress: a control group (i.e., no sexual difficulties or distress) and a clinical group (i.e., difficulties with sexual desire and/or arousal and accompanying distress). Participants were attached to physiological equipment and shown images displaying neutral, positive, disgusting, and erotic content. It was hypothesized that the clinical group would show more evidence of disgust (via affective and autonomic responses) than the control group. Consistent with hypotheses, no group differences were found in any of the affective or autonomic measures during presentation of the neutral, positive, or disgust images. Group differences during presentation of the erotic images (i.e., in facial EMG, heart rate, and self-report affective ratings) and follow-up analyses provided preliminary evidence for generalizing the disgust model of female sexual dysfunction beyond disorders of sexual pain, at least among some women. Exploratory analyses implicated a relationship between a history of sexual victimization and self-report disgust ratings of erotic images. Future research should further explore these relationships in order to shed more light on how disgust-based mechanisms impact the onset and maintenance of female sexual dysfunction

Immigrant Adolescents in Sweden: Acculturation and Mental Health

This study examined the acculturation strategies of immigrant adolescents in Sweden and their relation to the mental health symptoms. The participants were 101 immigrant adolescents and 52 Swedish adolescents 15 to 19 years old. ‘Immigration paradox’ was examined comparing the mental health of first and second generation of immigrants and the native Swedes. Youth Self Report was used to assess mental health symptoms and Life Orientation Test Revised to measure optimism as a positive aspect of mental health. The acculturation strategies were assessed with Acculturation Index. The results partially supported ‘Immigration paradox’ indicating that Swedish adolescents have more mental health issues (anxiety/depression and social problems) compared to their immigrant peers from second generation and report more somatic complaints compared to both generations of immigrant peers. Moreover, the results indicated that the first generation of immigrant adolescents has more mental health issues (social problems and withdrawal/depression) than the second generation. Also, assimilation as acculturation strategy is proved to be the most used by participants and the most beneficial to mental health. Unexpectedly, separated immigrant adolescents reported being most optimistic. The given findings are expected to expand knowledge on the acculturation process of current immigrant adolescents and its related outcomes with the aim to improve social policies and mental health interventions for this vulnerable population

Extractive industries and the environment:Production, pollution, and protest in global history

Resource extraction has historically caused dramatic environmental changes across the globe. Although mining and oil drilling have transformed landscapes and polluted the air and water wherever they have taken place, knowledge of how these environmental transformations have been experienced and lived in different parts of the world remains fragmentary. This special issue seeks to provide new insights into the environmental histories of resource extraction, particularly in the Global South, where extractive industries have intensified markedly since 1950. Inspired by recent environmental history scholarship, we link together analyses of imperialism, capitalism, and environmental inequality in African, Asian, and Latin American localities of resource extraction. Furthermore, drawing on the analytical framework of political ecology, we examine why protests against extractive industries did or did not occur in specific sites. Given the increasing global demand for resources and pressing current-day questions about how to live in the Anthropocene, it is timely to scrutinise production practices, pollution, and protest in global history

¿Qué rol asignan los profesores de física de nivel medio a los modelos científicos y a las actividades de modelado?

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación exploratoria realizada con metodología cualitativa en una muestra de profesores de Física. Sobre la base de lo registrado en entrevistas semi-estructuradas, se analizan las concepciones de modelo científico, y las experiencias personales de los entrevistados respecto de la modelización. Las concepciones de modelo de estos docentes se advierten diferentes a las nociones consensuadas en la comunidad científica y en la bibliografía especializada. Finalmente, se sugieren algunas acciones a tener en cuenta para superar este tipo de dificultades en la formación docente.This report informs about an exploratory research done with qualitative methodology on a Physics teacher's sample. Scientific model's conception and personal experiences on modelling have been analyzed from semi-structured interview records. These teachers have shown conceptions about models that differ with those accepted within scientific community and specific bibliography. Finally, some possible actions to overcome this sort of difficulties by teacher training are outlined