Crystal Structure Of (3e)-3-[(4-nitrophenoxy) Methyl]-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-one

In the title compound, C17H15NO4, the conformation about the C=C double bond [1.348(2)Å] is E with the ketone group almost co-planar [C-C-C-C torsion angle = 7.2(2)°] but the phenyl group twisted away [C-C-C-C = 160.93(17)°]. The terminal aromatic rings are almost perpendicular to each other [dihedral angle = 81.61(9)°] giving the molecule an overall U-shape. The crystal packing feature benzene-C-H⋯O(ketone) contacts that lead to supramolecular helical chains along the b axis. These are connected by π-π interactions between benzene and phenyl rings [inter-centroid distance = 3.6648(14)Å], resulting in the formation of a supramolecular layer in the bc plane.709o1020o1021Altomare, A., Burla, M.C., Camalli, M., Cascarano, G.L., Giacovazzo, C., Guagliardi, A., Moliterni, A.G.G., Spagna, R., (1999) J. Appl. Cryst32, pp. 115-119Brandenburg, K., (2006) DIAMOND, , Crystal Impact GbR, Bonn, Germany(2009) APEX2 and SAINT, , Bruker Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA(2010) Marvinsketch, , http://www.chemaxon.com, ChemaxonFarrugia, L.J., (2012) J. Appl. Cryst45, pp. 849-854De Paula, B.R.S., Zampieri, D.S., Rodrigues, J.A.R., Moran, P.J.S., (2013) Tetrahedron: Asymmetry24, pp. 973-981Rodrigues, J.A.R., Moran, P.J.S., Conceicaõ, G.J.A., Fardelone, L.C., (2004) Food Technol. Biotechnol42, pp. 295-303Sheldrick, G.M., (1996) SADABS, , University of Göttingen, GermanySheldrick, G.M., (2008) Acta Cryst A64, pp. 112-122Westrip, S.P., (2010) J. Appl. Cryst43, pp. 920-92

Evolution of costs of inflammatory bowel disease over two years of follow-up

Background: With the increasing use of anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a shift of costs has been observed with medication costs replacing hospitalization and surgery as major cost driver. We aimed to explore the evolution of IBD-related costs over two years of follow-up. Methods and Findings: In total 1,307 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 915 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients were prospectively followed for two years by three-monthly web-based questionnaires. Changes of healthcare costs, productivity costs and out-of-pocket costs over time were assessed using mixed model analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify costs drivers. In total 737 CD patients and 566 UC were included. Total costs were stable over two years of follow-up, with annual total costs of € 7,835 in CD and € 3,600 in UC. However, within healthcare costs, the proportion of anti-TNF therapy-related costs increased from 64% to 72% in CD (p<0.01) and from 31% to 39% in UC (p < 0.01). In contrast, the proportion of hospitalization costs decreased from 19% to 13% in CD (p<0.01), and 22% to 15% in UC (p < 0.01). Penetrating disease course predicted an increase of healthcare costs (adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) 1.95 (95% CI 1.02-3.37) in CD and age <40 years in UC (adj. OR 4.72 (95% CI 1.61-13.86)). Conclusions: BD-related costs remained stable over two years. However, the proportion of anti-TNFrelated healthcare costs increased, while hospitalization costs decreased. Factors associated with increased costs were penetrating disease course in CD and age <40 in UC

GAA variants and phenotypes among 1,079 patients with Pompe disease: Data from the Pompe Registry

Identification of variants in the acid α-glucosidase (GAA) gene in Pompe disease provides valuable insights and systematic overviews are needed. We report on the number, nature, frequency, and geographic distribution of GAA sequence variants listed in the Pompe Regis