Citizenship in the Arab World

The book is the fruit of five years of on-site research on citizenship in the Arab world. It takes a broader legal perspective to the multifaceted reality of nationality and citizenship. The methodology employed builds on the interdisciplinary approach of comparative legal studies, and brings in theories, concepts and insights from anthropology, political science, Arab and Islamic studies, linguistics and sociology. The work relies on a broad range of Western and Arab references, and all sources and documents were directly accessed in their original languages; this is particularly relevant for Arab legislation (all in-text reference has been translated by the author, and the original has been inserted using scientific transliteration).Gianluca P. Parolin deed vijf jaar lang onderzoek naar burgerschap in het Midden-Oosten. In dit boek plaatst de auteur dit begrip in een breder juridisch perspectief naar de maatstaven van de complexe realiteit van nationaliteit en burgerschap. Wetten op het gebied van nationaliteit zijn vaak gebaseerd op staten en worden als volledig soeverein beschouwd. Maar deze wetten zijn alleen effectief als rekening gehouden wordt met de culturele en juridische achtergrond van de burgers waarop ze van toepassing zijn

Implicit attitude toward caregiving: The moderating role of adult attachment styles

Attachment and caregiving are separate motivational systems that share the common evolutionary purpose of favoring child security. In the goal of studying the processes underlying the transmission of attachment styles, this study focused on the role of adult attachment styles in shaping preferences toward particular styles of caregiving. We hypothesized a correspondence between attachment and caregiving styles: we expect an individual to show a preference for a caregiving behavior coherent with his/her own attachment style, in order to increase the chance of passing it on to offspring. We activated different representations of specific caregiving modalities in females, by using three videos in which mothers with different Adult Attachment states of mind played with their infants. Participants' facial expressions while watching were recorded and analyzed with FaceReader software. After each video, participants' attitudes toward the category "mother" were measured, both explicitly (semantic differential) and implicitly (single target-implicit association task, ST-IAT). Participants' adult attachment styles (experiences in close relationships revised) predicted attitudes scores, but only when measured implicitly. Participants scored higher on the ST-IAT after watching a video coherent with their attachment style. No effect was found on the facial expressions of disgust. These findings suggest a role of adult attachment styles in shaping implicit attitudes related to the caregiving system

Citizenship in the Arab world: kin, religion and nation-state

The book is the fruit of five years of on-site research on citizenship in the Arab world. It takes a broader legal perspective to the multifaceted reality of nationality and citizenship. The methodology employed builds on the interdisciplinary approach of comparative legal studies, and brings in theories, concepts and insights from anthropology, political science, Arab and Islamic studies, linguistics and sociology. The work relies on a broad range of Western and Arab references, and all sources and documents were directly accessed in their original languages; this is particularly relevant for Arab legislation (all in-text reference has been translated by the author, and the original has been inserted using scientific transliteration).Gianluca P. Parolin deed vijf jaar lang onderzoek naar burgerschap in het Midden-Oosten. In dit boek plaatst de auteur dit begrip in een breder juridisch perspectief naar de maatstaven van de complexe realiteit van nationaliteit en burgerschap. Wetten op het gebied van nationaliteit zijn vaak gebaseerd op staten en worden als volledig soeverein beschouwd. Maar deze wetten zijn alleen effectief als rekening gehouden wordt met de culturele en juridische achtergrond van de burgers waarop ze van toepassing zijn

Citizenship in the Arab World

The book is the fruit of five years of on-site research on citizenship in the Arab world. It takes a broader legal perspective to the multifaceted reality of nationality and citizenship. The methodology employed builds on the interdisciplinary approach of comparative legal studies, and brings in theories, concepts and insights from anthropology, political science, Arab and Islamic studies, linguistics and sociology. The work relies on a broad range of Western and Arab references, and all sources and documents were directly accessed in their original languages; this is particularly relevant for Arab legislation (all in-text reference has been translated by the author, and the original has been inserted using scientific transliteration)

Otolith microstructure analysis for age determination of the Amazon characid Triportheus albus

Juvenile Triportheus albus (Characidae) were sampled with a ringnet in the Central Amazon floodplain between March and April 1993. The microstructure of the otoliths of T. albus was analyzed under the scanning electron microscope. The lapillus shows regular increments when ground in the sagittal plane and can be utilized for age determination. There are marks or checks formed at intervals of 14 rings, sometimes of 7 rings. Broad increments (>4.5 mum) rarely show subrings. The first 160 increments can be counted easily. In individuals which are bigger than 100 mm the microstructures at the edge are often undistinguishable. The calculation by counting of the increments yields an estimated daily growth of 0.426 mm (p <0.01) for juveniles of T albu

Like grandparents, like parents: Empirical evidence and psychoanalytic thinking on the transmission of parenting styles

The authors discuss the issue of intergenerational transmission of parenting from an empirical and psychoanalytic perspective. After presenting a framework to explain their conception of parenting, they describe intergenerational transmission of parenting as a key to interpreting and eventually changing parenting behaviors. Then they present (1) the empirical approach aimed at determining if there is actually a stability across generations that contributes to harsh parenting and eventually maltreatment and (2) the psyphoanalytic thinking that seeks to explain the continuity in terms of representations and clinical phenomena. The authors also discuss the relationship between the attachment and the caregiving systems and hypothesize a common base for the two systems in childhood experience. Finally, they propose the psychoanalytic perspective as a fruitful theoretical framework to integrate the evidence for the neurophysiological mediators and moderators of intergenerational transmission. Psychoanalytically informed research can provide clinically relevant insights and hypotheses to be tested

A transient high-coherence oscillation in 4U 1820-30

We re-analyzed two Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer archival observations of the atoll source 4U 1820-30 in order to investigate the detailed time-frequency properties of the source during the intervals when a ~7 Hz QPO was detected by Wijnands et al. (1999, ApJ, 512, L39). We find that in both observations, in addition to a QPO signal lasting a couple of minutes as previously reported, there is a much narrower transient oscillation with a life time of only a few seconds. Within this time, the oscillation is consistent with being coherent. Its integrated fractional rms is around 10% and its frequency 7.3 Hz and 5.7 Hz in the two observations. We discuss the possible association of this QPO with other oscillations known both in Neutron-Star and Black-Hole systems, concentrating on the similarities with the narrow 5-7 Hz oscillations observed at high flux in Black-Hole Candidates.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. FIgure 1 is reduced in resolution, full-resolution version of this text available at http://www.merate.mi.astro.it/~belloni/ms0335.ps.g