On the influence of motion of the medium on the photophoresis of a spheroidal solid aerosol particle

This paper considers the influence of motion of the medium (account of convective terms in the heat conduction equations) on the photophoresis of a large aerosol spheroidal particle at small relative temperature drops in its vicinity. It has been shown that at a fixed ratio of semiaxes with increasing intensity of the incident radiation the total contribution of the medium motion leads to a monotonic decrease in the rate of photophoresis, whose degree depends on the equatorial radius of the spheroidyesBelgorod State Universit

Желчнокаменная болезнь среди медицинского персонала поликлиники: факторы риска ее развития в разных профессиональных группах

The aim. Identification of risk factors for gallstone disease (GDS) development between different professional groups of polyclinic medical staff. Material and methods. 75 medical staff members were divided into two groups (1st group: 30 doctors; 2nd group: 45 nurses). All of them were interviewed fo r information about profession, gender, age, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), smoking, arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypercholesterolemia. In addition, women were interviewed about the number of pregnancies, ostmenopause and taking oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). To assess physical activity, a short international questionnaire on physical activity (IPAQ) was used. To identify the presence of professional burnout (PB) syndrome we applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire, adapted by N.Е. Vodopianova for medical staff. At the final stage, the data of abdominal organs ultrasound examination were analyzed based on the materials of medical staff outpatient records. Results. The GSD prevalence among doctors was 33.3%, and 24.4% among nurses. In both groups age, AH, weight, WC and BMI contribute to GSD formation. In the first group of individuals with GSD, the level of total cholesterol (TC) was significantly higher. In the same group extremely high PB, postmenopause (p <0.05) and hypodynamia (p <0.1) were much more common. In the second group, there were more DM cases and pregnancies (p <0.05). Conclusion. The medical staff of the clinic has a high GSD incidence, whose frequency depends not only on classical risk factors prevalence, but is also determined by profession peculiarities, characterized by high psychological stress and lower physical activity of physicians, compared to nurses.Цель исследования. Выявить факторы риска развития желчнокаменной болезни (ЖКБ) среди медицинского персонала поликлиники в разных профессиональных группах. Материалы и методы. В поликлинике было осмотрено и анкетировано 75 медицинских сотрудников поликлиники, которые были разделены на две группы. В 1-ю были включены 30 врачей; во 2-ю - 45 медицинских сестер. Анализу подвергались такие показатели, как профессия, пол, возраст, объем талии (ОТ), индекс массы тела (ИМТ), курение, наличие артериальной гипертензии (АГ), сахарного диабета (СД), гиперхолестеринемии, постменопаузы; у женщин – количество беременностей и прием оральных контрацептивов (ОК). Для оценки физической активности применяли краткий международный опросник по физической активности (IPAQ). Для выявления симптомов профессионального выгорания (ПВ) использовали опросник Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), адаптированный Н.Е. Водопьяновой для медицинских сотрудников. На конечном этапе анализировались данные ультразвукового исследования органов брюшной полости по амбулаторным картам медицинских работников. Результаты. Распространенность ЖКБ среди врачей составила 33,3%, и 24,4% среди медицинских сестер. В обеих группах на формирование ЖКБ влияют возраст, наличие АГ, вес, ОТ, ИМТ. В первой группе лиц с ЖКБ уровень общего холестерина был достоверно выше (ОХ). В этой же группе ПВ крайне высокой степени, постменопауза (p<0,05) и гиподинамия (p<0,1) встречались значительно чаще. В группе медицинских сестер с ЖКБ отмечалось преобладание лиц с СД и большее число беременностей (p<0,05). Заключение. У медицинского персонала поликлиники имеет место высокая распространенность ЖКБ, частота которой зависит не только от распространенности классических факторов риска, но и определяется особенностями профессиональной деятельности, характеризующейся высокой психологической нагрузкой и более низкой физической активностью врачебного персонала, по сравнению с медицинскими сестрами

The economic efficiency of european football clubs - Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach

The relevance of this paper lies in the fact that football business has grown significantly in the past 20 years and football clubs have become large companies, which in an effort to be profitable and successful on the field need to improve the efficiency of their business. The aim of this article is to measure economic efficiency of 48 big European football clubs and assess the relationship between efficiency and different financial and sportive indicators (variables). To measure efficiency, we used both widely used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method and its extensions: DEA Super-efficiency and DEA Cross-efficiency models. The results showed that these methods can successively be applied to football clubs’ efficiency measurement and the analysis of the them can help to explain why some clubs are efficient or inefficient and which factors affects the efficiency. This paper will be interesting football clubs’ managers, football analytics, economists and other people interested in football business because we combine in it the most interesting ideas and methods about football clubs’ efficiency measurement. © 2016 Pyatunin et al

Upper Limit on the Magnetic Dipole Contribution to the 5p-8p Transition in Rb by Use of Ultracold Atom Spectroscopy

We report on hyperfine-resolved spectroscopic measurements of the electric-dipole forbidden 5$p_{3/2} \to 8p_{1/2}$ transition in a sample of ultracold $^{87}$Rb atoms. The hyperfine selection rules enable the weak magnetic-dipole (M1) contribution to the transition strength to be distinguished from the much stronger electric-quadrupole (E2) contribution. An upper limit on the M1 transition strength is determined that is about 50 times smaller than an earlier experimental determination. We also calculate the expected value of the M1 matrix element and find that it is less than the upper limit extracted from the experiment.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 3 table

Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases unmasks vasoconstriction and potentiates calcium signalling in rat aorta smooth muscle cells in response to an agonist of 5-HT2B receptors BW723C86

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.In blood vessels, serotonin 5-HT2B receptors mainly mediate relaxation, although their activation by the selective agonist BW723C86 is known to exert contraction of aorta in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME) hypertensive rats [Russel et al., 2002; Banes et al., 2003] and in mice with type 2 diabetes [Nelson et al., 2012]. The unmasking effect on vasoconstriction can be caused by a shift in the balance of tyrosine phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells (SMC) due to oxidative stress induced inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP). We have demonstrated that BW723C86 which does not cause contraction of rat aorta and mesenteric artery rings, evoked a vasoconstrictor effect in the presence of PTP inhibitors sodium orthovanadate (Na3VO4) or BVT948. BW723C86 induced a weak rise of [Ca2+]i in the SMC isolated from rat aorta; however, after pre-incubation with Na3VO4 the response to BW723C86 increased more than 5-fold. This effect was diminished by protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor genistein, inhibitor of Src-family kinases PP2, inhibitor of NADPH-oxidase VAS2870 and completely suppressed by N-acetylcysteine and 5-HT2B receptor antagonist RS127445. Using fluorescent probe DCFH-DA we have shown that Na3VO4 induces oxidative stress in SMC. In the presence of Na3VO4 BW723C86 considerably increased formation of reactive oxygen species while alone had no appreciable effect on DCFH oxidation. We suggest that oxidative stress causes inhibition of PTP and unmasking of 5-HT2B receptors functional activity

Efficiency of Using the Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor Generator “Fhileas 75” for Disinfection of the Air Ducts of separately Ventilated system for Infected Animal Housing

The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of using the “Fhileas 75” hydrogen peroxide vapor generator for decontaminating the air ducts of the individually ventilated system, “Bio A.S.”, for housing of infected animals.Materials and methods. The hydrogen peroxide vapor generator “Fhileas 75” (France), a disinfectant manufactured by “FHILEASAFE” (7 % hydrogen peroxide solution and 0.15 % peracetic acid solution), separately ventilated system “Bio A.S.” (Germany) for the infected animal housing were applied in the work. Serratia marcescens 9 was used as test-culture.Results and discussion. The efficiency of using the hydrogen peroxide vapor generator “Fhileas 75” for decontamination of air ducts and internal surfaces of the rack of the individually ventilated system “Bio A.S.” on the test-culture S. marcescens 9 at 1·106 mc/ml concentration has been established (operation parameters of the individually ventilated system unit are as follows: air exchange rate – 60 changes per hour, air flow volume – 28 m3/hour, number of disinfection cycles – 5, disinfectant spraying time – 97 min, exposure time – 24 hours)

Synthesis of new p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-based polyammonium triazolyl amphiphiles and their binding with nucleoside phosphates

© 2018 Burilov et al. The synthesis of new calix[4]arenes adopting a cone stereoisomeric form bearing two or four azide fragments on the upper rim and water-soluble triazolyl amphiphilic receptors with two or four polyammonium headgroups via copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction has been performed for the first time. It was found that the synthesized macrocycles form stable aggregates with hydrodynamic diameters between 150–200 nm and electrokinetic potentials about +40 to +60 mV in water solutions. Critical aggregation concentration (CAC) values were measured using a micelle method with pyrene and eosin Y as dye probes. The CAC values of tetraalkyl-substituted macrocycles 12a,b (5 µM for both) are significantly lower than those for dialkyl-substituted macrocycles 10a,b (790 and 160 µM, respectively). Premicellar aggregates of macrocycles 10a,b and 12a,b with the dye eosin Y were used for nucleotides sensing through a dye replacement procedure. It is unusual that disubstituted macrocycles 10a,b bind more effectively a less charged adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) than adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). A simple colorimetric method based on polydiacetylene vesicles decorated with 10b was elaborated for the naked-eye detection of ADP with a detection limit of 0.5 mM

Effectiveness of the “Sterius 60” SHF Radiation Installation for Disinfection of Objects Contaminated with PBA of Groups I–IV, when Working with Infected Biomodels

The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of using the “Sterius 60” microwave disinfection system (Russia) for decontamination of objects infected with PBA of groups I–IV emerging as a result of working with infected laboratory animals.Materials and methods. Effectiveness verification of disinfection of biological waste generated as a result of the life of laboratory animals by SHF radiation was carried out in the microwave system “Sterius 60”, recommended by the manufacturer for disinfection of epidemiologically hazardous and extremely dangerous medical waste, including biological ones (classes B and C), by volumetric SHF heating. Carcasses of uninfected laboratory animals (white mice, Guinea pigs, suckling rabbits), granulated feed and bedding material (wood shavings), which are objects directly in contact with biomodels, were used as vivarium waste to be decontaminated. The following microorganisms were utilized as model test ones: Bacillus subtilus VKM B-911, Bacillus stearothermophilus VKM B-718, Bacillus licheniformis G VKM B-1711-D, Alcaligenes faecalis 415, Yersinia pestis EV, Bacillus anthracis STI. Laboratory utensils (plastic Petri dishes, porcelain mortars and pestles) were used as a mock-up chamber filler for model test microorganisms.Results and discussion. As a result of the study, data were obtained indicating that the microwave system for disinfection of medical waste “Sterius 60” is ineffective for decontamination of biological waste in laboratories working with biomodels infected with PBA of groups I–II. The established standard mode of disinfection of this system was effective only for non-spore forms of microorganisms, pathogenicity groups III–IV. Therefore, in our opinion, it is advisable to use it for decontamination of laboratory utensils infected with PBA of groups III–IV, directly at sites of waste generation

Основные направления повышения ресурса быстроизнашиваемых рабочих органов сельскохозяйственных машин

The efficiency of agricultural machine and tool operation is noted to significantly depend on the characteristics of the working bodies. The paper emphasizes the importance of working bodies’ reliability and operating lifetime which largely depend on wear resistance, strength, as well as design features. (Research purpose) To substantiate the choice of effective modern directions to increase the operating lifetime of wearable agricultural machine working bodies, the choice of types and characteristics of the materials used and technological methods for their hardening. (Materials and methods) The many years’ experience of the FNAC VIM in this area has been studied. A concept analysis of the relevant technical information has been conducted. (Results and discussion) The basics and conditions of abrasive wear of agricultural machinery parts are presented. The concept of "structural wear resistance" is clarified. The paper analyzes the materials (steels, hard alloys) of the working bodies of the agricultural machines used in Russia and abroad. Their main comparative physical and mechanical characteristics are pointed out. A method is proposed for selecting basic design parameters based on the strength characteristics of the materials used. Surfacing technologies for hardening the agricultural machine working bodies are compared. The paper substantiates the most effective technological options, individual technical and economic parameters, recommendations for the use of materials. (Conclusions) It is proved that the use of surfacing technologies leads to a 1.5-4.5-times increase in the operating lifetime of working bodies and significant economic efficiency.Отметили, что от характеристик рабочих органов существенно зависит эффективность эксплуатации сельскохозяйственных машин или орудий. Подчеркнули важность таких параметров, как надежность и ресурс, которые в значительной степени зависят от износостойкости, прочности, а также от конструктивных особенностей. (Цель исследования) Обосновать выбор современных эффективных направлений для повышения ресурса быстроизнашиваемых рабочих органов сельхозмашин, а также видов и характеристик применяемых материалов и технологических способов их упрочнения. (Материалами и методы) Изучили многолетний опыт работы ФНАЦ ВИМ по данному направлению. Провели предметный анализ соответствующей технической информации. (Результаты и обсуждение) Представили основы и условия абразивного изнашивания деталей сельхозмашин. Раскрыли понятие «конструкционной износостойкости». Проанализировали материалы (стали, твердые сплавы) рабочих органов сельхозмашин, используемых в России и за рубежом. Привели их основные сравнительные физико-механические характеристики. Предложили методику выбора базовых конструктивных параметров исходя из прочностных характеристик применяемых материалов. Сравнили наплавочные технологии упрочнения рабочих органов сельхозмашин. Обосновали наиболее эффективные технологические варианты, отдельные технико-экономические параметры, рекомендации по применению материалов. (Выводы) Доказали, что применение наплавочных технологий повышает ресурс рабочих органов в 1,5-4,5 раза при значительной экономической эффективности