160 research outputs found
Biogeography and ecology of geographically distant populations of sibling Cryptocephalus leaf beetles
Different populations of two closely related species, Cryptocephalusflavipes and C. bameuli, from western (Alps, Apennines and Pyrenees) and central Europe (Poland, Ukraine and Pannonia) were analysed. On the basis of DNA sequences from two genes, cox1 and ef1-alpha, distinctiveness of both species was confirmed. Nevertheless, possible hybrids were identified in Carpathian mountains. We found a significant genetic differentiation among populations of C. flavipes and C. bameuli from distant regions but a high genetic similarity between populations of C. bameuli from north and south of the Carpathians. Demographic estimates suggest a past population expansion in the case of C. bameuli and a recent one for C. flavipes, possibly occurred during Pleistocene and Holocene, respectively. Distribution modelling showed that C. flavipes is typically present in the mountain systems, whereas C. bameuli is associated with hilly areas of central and eastern Europe. Based on the present data, Last Glacial Maximum refugia of both species were located in the Alpine region and Black Sea coasts, but on different elevations. The characterization of the insect diet, through a DNA metabarcoding approach targeting the trnL plant intron, demonstrated a significant differentiation of food preferences between the two species, as well as between geographic populations within the species
Do we know more about hypertension in Poland after the May Measurement Month 2017?-Europe
Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a worldwide burden, leading to over 10 million deaths yearly. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative organized by the International Society of Hypertension aimed at raising awareness of hypertension and the need for BP screening. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2017. BP measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the globally approved MMM17 Study Protocol. In Poland 5834 (98.9%, Caucasian) individuals were screened. After multiple imputation, 2601 (35.3%) had hypertension. Of individuals not receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 976 (20.6%) were hypertensive. Of individuals receiving anti-hypertensive medication, 532 (49.1%) had uncontrolled BP. In the crude screened group, 81.4% declared to not receive any anti-hypertensive treatment, while the remaining 18.6% were on such medications. In overweight and obese patients both systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher than in normal weight and underweight subjects. In addition, BP measured on Sundays was significantly lower than on Mondays. MMM17 was one of the largest recent BP screening campaigns in Poland. We found that over 1/3 of participants were hypertensive. Almost half of the treated subjects had uncontrolled BP. These results suggest that opportunistic screening can identify substantial numbers with raised BP
Interferometry of Direct Photons in Central 280Pb+208Pb Collisions at 158A GeV
Two-particle correlations of direct photons were measured in central
208Pb+208Pb collisions at 158 AGeV. The invariant interferometric radii were
extracted for 100<K_T<300 MeV/c and compared to radii extracted from charged
pion correlations. The yield of soft direct photons, K_T<300 MeV/c, was
extracted from the correlation strength and compared to theoretical
calculations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Particle Multiplicities and Transverse Energy Produced in 158.A GeV Pb+Pb collisions
Event-by-event fluctuations in the multiplicities of charged particles and
photons, and the total transverse energy in 158 GeV Pb+Pb collisions
are studied for a wide range of centralities. For narrow centrality bins the
multiplicity and transverse energy distributions are found to be near perfect
Gaussians. The effect of detector acceptance on the multiplicity fluctuations
has been studied and demonstrated to follow statistical considerations. The
centrality dependence of the charged particle multiplicity fluctuations in the
measured data has been found to agree reasonably well with those obtained from
a participant model. However for photons the multiplicity fluctuations has been
found to be lower compared to those obtained from a participant model. The
multiplicity and transverse energy fluctuations have also been compared to
those obtained from the VENUS event generator.Comment: To appear in Physical Review C; changes : more detailed discussion on
errors and few figures modifie
Systematics of Inclusive Photon Production in 158 AGeV Pb Induced Reactions on Ni, Nb, and Pb Targets
The multiplicity of inclusive photons has been measured on an event-by-event
basis for 158 AGeV Pb induced reactions on Ni, Nb, and Pb targets. The
systematics of the pseudorapidity densities at midrapidity (rho_max) and the
width of the pseudorapidity distributions have been studied for varying
centralities for these collisions. A power law fit to the photon yield as a
function of the number of participating nucleons gives a value of 1.13+-0.03
for the exponent. The mean transverse momentum, , of photons determined
from the ratio of the measured electromagnetic transverse energy and photon
multiplicity, remains almost constant with increasing rho_max. Results are
compared with model predictions.Comment: 16 pages including 4 figure
Particle density fluctuations
Event-by-event fluctuations in the multiplicities of charged particles and
photons at SPS energies are discussed. Fluctuations are studied by controlling
the centrality of the reaction and rapidity acceptance of the detectors.
Results are also presented on the event-by-event study of correlations between
the multiplicity of charged particles and photons to search for DCC-like
signals.Comment: Talk presented at Quark Matter 2002, Nantes, Franc
Scaling of Particle and Transverse Energy Production in 208Pb+208Pb collisions at 158 A GeV
Transverse energy, charged particle pseudorapidity distributions and photon
transverse momentum spectra have been studied as a function of the number of
participants (N_{part}) and the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions
(N_{coll}) in 158 A GeV Pb+Pb collisions over a wide impact parameter range. A
scaling of the transverse energy pseudorapidity density at midrapidity as
N_{part}^{1.08 \pm 0.06} and N_{coll}^{0.83 \pm 0.05} is observed. For the
charged particle pseudorapidity density at midrapidity we find a scaling as
N_{part}^{1.07 \pm 0.04} and N_{coll}^{0.82 \pm 0.03}. This faster than linear
scaling with N_{part} indicates a violation of the naive Wounded Nucleon Model.Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures, submitted to European Physical Journal C
(revised results for scaling exponents
Centrality Dependence of Neutral Pion Production in 158 A GeV Pb + Pb Collisions
The production of neutral pions in 158AGeV Pb+Pb collisions has been studied
in the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. Transverse momentum spectra are studied
for the range 0.3 GeV/c < mT-m0 < 4.0 GeV/c. The results for central collisions
are compared to various models. The centrality dependence of the neutral pion
spectral shape and yield is investigated. An invariance of the spectral shape
and a simple scaling of the yield with the number of participating nucleons is
observed for centralities with greater than about 30 participating nucleons
which is most naturally explained by assuming an equilibrated system.Comment: 5 pages, Latex, including 3 eps figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.Lett;
updated pQCD comparison due to new input from the author, updated references,
corrected plotting error in figure
Suppression of High-p_T Neutral Pion Production in Central Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 17.3 GeV Relative to p+C and p+Pb Collisions
Neutral pion transverse momentum spectra were measured in p+C and p+Pb
collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 17.4 GeV at mid-rapidity 2.3 < eta_lab < 3.0 over
the range 0.7< p_T < 3.5 GeV/c. The spectra are compared to pi0 spectra
measured in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 17.3 GeV in the same experiment.
For a wide range of Pb+Pb centralities (N_part < 300) the yield of pi0's with
p_T > 2 GeV/c is larger than or consistent with the p+C or p+Pb yields scaled
with the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions (N_coll), while for central Pb+Pb
collisions with N_part > 350 the pi0 yield is suppressed.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Azimuthal Anisotropy of Photon and Charged Particle Emission in Pb+Pb Collisions at 158 A GeV/c
The azimuthal distributions of photons and charged particles with respect to
the event plane are investigated as a function of centrality in Pb + Pb
collisions at 158 A GeV/c in the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. The
anisotropy of the azimuthal distributions is characterized using a Fourier
analysis. For both the photon and charged particle distributions the first two
Fourier coefficients are observed to decrease with increasing centrality. The
observed anisotropies of the photon distributions compare well with the
expectations from the charged particle measurements for all centralities.Comment: 8 pages and 6 figures. The manuscript has undergone a major revision.
The unwanted correlations were enhanced in the random subdivision method used
in the earlier version. The present version uses the more established method
of division into subevents separated in rapidity to minimise short range
correlations. The observed results for charged particles are in agreement
with results from the other experiments. The observed anisotropy in photons
is explained using flow results of pions and the correlations arising due to
the decay of the neutral pion
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