9,690 research outputs found
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Trauma during humanitarian work: the effects on intimacy, wellbeing and PTSD-symptoms.
Background: Organizations assisting refugees are over burdened with the Syrian humanitarian catastrophe and encounter diverse difficulties facing the consequences of this massive displacement. Aid-workers experience the horrors of war through their efforts to alleviate suffering of Syrian refugees. Objective: This study of Syrian refugee aid-workers in Jordan examined work-stressors identified as secondary traumatic stress (STS), number of refugees assisted, worker feelings towards the organization, and their associations to PTSD-symptoms, wellbeing and intimacy. It also examined whether self-differentiation, physical health, and physical pain were associated with these variables. Method: Syrian refugee aid-workers (Nâ=â317) in Jordans NGOs were surveyed. Univariate statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) were utilized to test study hypotheses. Results: Increased STS was associated with lower self-differentiation, decreased physical health and increased physical pain, as well as elevated PTSD-symptoms and decreased intimacy. Decreased connection to the NGO was associated with lower self-differentiation, decreased physical health, increased physical pain, and with decreased intimacy and wellbeing. Lower self-differentiation was associated with increased PTSD-symptoms, decreased wellbeing and intimacy. Elevated physical pain was associated with increased PTSD-symptoms, and decreased wellbeing. Diverse mediation effects of physical health, physical pain and self-differentiation were found among the studys variables. Conclusions: Aid-workers who assist refugees were at risk of physical and mental sequelae as well as suffering from degraded self-differentiation, intimacy and wellbeing. Organizations need to develop prevention policies and tailor interventions to better support their aid-workers while operating in such stressful fieldwork
Quintic threefolds and Fano elevenfolds
The derived category of coherent sheaves on a general quintic threefold is a
central object in mirror symmetry. We show that it can be embedded into the
derived category of a certain Fano elevenfold.
Our proof also generates related examples in different dimensions.Comment: V1: 12 pages. V2: added reference to work of Iliev and Manivel. V3:
persistent sign error corrected. Other minor changes following referee's
suggestions. To appear in Crell
Stochastic pumping of heat: Approaching the Carnot efficiency
Random noise can generate a unidirectional heat current across asymmetric
nano objects in the absence (or against) a temperature gradient. We present a
minimal model for a molecular-level stochastic heat pump that may operate
arbitrarily close to the Carnot efficiency. The model consists a fluctuating
molecular unit coupled to two solids characterized by distinct phonon spectral
properties. Heat pumping persists for a broad range of system and bath
parameters. Furthermore, by filtering the reservoirs' phonons the pump
efficiency can approach the Carnot limit
Quantum effects in thermal conduction: Nonequilibrium quantum discord and entanglement
We study the process of heat transfer through an entangled pair of two-level
system, demonstrating the role of quantum correlations in this nonequilibrium
process. While quantum correlations generally degrade with increasing the
temperature bias, introducing spatial asymmetry leads to an intricate behavior:
Connecting the qubits unequally to the reservoirs one finds that quantum
correlations persist and increase with the temperature bias when the system is
more weakly linked to the hot reservoir. In the reversed case, linking the
system more strongly to the hot bath, the opposite, more natural behavior is
observed, with quantum correlations being strongly suppressed upon increasing
the temperature bias
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The Utility of Outpatient Commitment: I. A Need for Treatment and a Least Restrictive Alternative to Psychiatric Hospitalization.
ObjectivesThis study examined whether psychiatric patients assigned to community treatment orders (CTOs), outpatient commitment in Victoria, Australia, have a greater need for treatment to protect their health and safety than patients not assigned to CTOs. It also considered whether such treatment is provided in a least restrictive manner-that is, in a way that contributes to reduced use of psychiatric hospitalization.MethodsThe sample included 11,424 patients first placed on a CTO between 2000 and 2010, and 16,161 patients not placed on a CTO. Need for treatment was independently assessed with the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) at hospital admission and at discharge. Ordinary least-squares and Poisson regressions were used to assess savings in hospital days attributable to CTO placement.ResultsHoNOS ratings indicated that at admission and discharge, the CTO cohort's need for treatment exceeded that of the non-CTO cohort, particularly in areas indicating potential dangerous behavior. When analyses adjusted for the propensity to be selected into the CTO cohort and other factors, the mean duration of an inpatient episode was 4.6 days shorter for the CTO cohort than for the non-CTO cohort, and a reduction of 10.4 days per inpatient episode was attributable to each CTO placement.ConclusionsCTO placement may have helped patients with a greater need for treatment to experience shorter hospital stays. Whether the CTO directly enabled the fulfillment of unsought but required treatment needs that protected patient health and safety is a question that needs to be addressed in future research
Noncommutative differential calculus for Moyal subalgebras
We build a differential calculus for subalgebras of the Moyal algebra on R^4
starting from a redundant differential calculus on the Moyal algebra, which is
suitable for reduction. In some cases we find a frame of 1-forms which allows
to realize the complex of forms as a tensor product of the noncommutative
subalgebras with the external algebra Lambda^*.Comment: 13 pages, no figures. One reference added, minor correction
Maine Yankee Nuclear Power Plant: A Technological Utopia in Retrospect
The Maine Yankee nuclear power plant, built in 1968 and closed in 1996, provides a revealing case study of the rise and fall of the nuclear power industry in the United States. At its inception, the plant generated a great outpouring of optimistic superlatives promising electricity âtoo cheap to meterâ and a solution to Maineâs longstanding energy problems. Its promoters envisioned a technological utopia for Maine communities based on cheap and efïŹcient energy, and based on these promising prospects, the town of Wiscasset welcomed the plant. This article traces the changes in public thinking that led to statewide referenda on the question of nuclear power in 1980, 1982, and 1987, and it highlights the anti-utopian fears that fueled these campaigns. Howard Segal is a professor of history specializing in history of technology at the University of Maine, having joined the faculty there in 1986. His publications include Technological Utopianism in American Culture (1985); Future Imperfect: The Mixed Blessings of Technology in America (1994); Technology in America: A Brief History (1989); and Recasting the Machine Age: Henry Fordâs Village Industries (2001).His current research involves a history of high-tech technological utopias in America
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