MOP /Matrix Operation Programs system/

MOP /Matrix Operation Programs/ system consists of a set of FORTRAN 4 subroutines which are related through a small common allocation. The system accomplishes all matrix algebra operations plus related input-output and housekeeping details

Introduction to quantum groups

We give an elementary introduction to the theory of algebraic and topological quantum groups (in the spirit of S. L. Woronowicz). In particular, we recall the basic facts from Hopf (*-) algebra theory, theory of compact (matrix) quantum groups and the theory of their actions on compact quantum spaces. We also provide the most important examples, including the classification of quantum SL(2)-groups, their real forms and quantum spheres. We also consider quantum SL_q(N)-groups and quantum Lorentz groups.Comment: very small changes, will appear in Rev. Math. Phys., 46 pages, use commands: csh intro.uu, tex intro (twice

Hyposplenism in gastro-intestinal disease

The hazards of living without a spleen were recognised by the paediatricians in the early 1960’s when they focussed attention on the syndrome of fulminant sepsis, often due to pneumococcal infection, occurring in young children within the first two years of splenectomy. The danger of post-splenectomy sepsis (PSS) extends into adult life and splenectomised patients remain at risk 10, 20 and even 30 years after the operation. Problems following splenectomy may just be the tip of the iceberg. It is clear that many other diseases are associated with impaired splenic function in the presence of intact spleens.peer-reviewe

Gamma-Ray Light Curves and Spectra of Models for Type-Ia Supernovae

Based on detailed Monte Carlo calculations, we present gamma-ray energy deposition functions, gamma-ray light curves, and gamma-ray spectra for a large set of theoretical models of Type Ia supernovae including ''classical'' detonation and deflagration, delayed detonation, explosions of low mass white dwarfs, and tamped detonation scenarios. Our computations show that models for Type Ia supernovae can be discriminated and the absolute amount of Ni-56 synthesized in the event can be determined on the basis of the gamma-ray light curves and spectra if gamma-ray measurements are combined with observations at other wavelengths, e.g., in the optical band. We discuss at which times gamma-ray observations are most suitable and needed from the theoretical point of view. The implication of the upper limit in the gamma-ray flux by CGRO experiment for our understanding of SN 1991 T is discussed. We find that this limit is consistent with both the optical light curve and the implied distance (12.5 Mpc), i.e., several models can be ruled out by the gamma-ray observations.Astronom

Sequential Sparsening by Successive Adaptation in Neural Populations

In the principal cells of the insect mushroom body, the Kenyon cells (KC), olfactory information is represented by a spatially and temporally sparse code. Each odor stimulus will activate only a small portion of neurons and each stimulus leads to only a short phasic response following stimulus onset irrespective of the actual duration of a constant stimulus. The mechanisms responsible for the sparse code in the KCs are yet unresolved. Here, we explore the role of the neuron-intrinsic mechanism of spike-frequency adaptation (SFA) in producing temporally sparse responses to sensory stimulation in higher processing stages. Our single neuron model is defined through a conductance-based integrate-and-fire neuron with spike-frequency adaptation [1]. We study a fully connected feed-forward network architecture in coarse analogy to the insect olfactory pathway. A first layer of ten neurons represents the projection neurons (PNs) of the antenna lobe. All PNs receive a step-like input from the olfactory receptor neurons, which was realized by independent Poisson processes. The second layer represents 100 KCs which converge onto ten neurons in the output layer which represents the population of mushroom body extrinsic neurons (ENs). Our simulation result matches with the experimental observations. In particular, intracellular recordings of PNs show a clear phasic-tonic response that outlasts the stimulus [2] while extracellular recordings from KCs in the locust express sharp transient responses [3]. We conclude that the neuron-intrinsic mechanism is can explain a progressive temporal response sparsening in the insect olfactory system. Further experimental work is needed to test this hypothesis empirically. [1] Muller et. al., Neural Comput, 19(11):2958-3010, 2007. [2] Assisi et. al., Nat Neurosci, 10(9):1176-1184, 2007. [3] Krofczik et. al. Front. Comput. Neurosci., 2(9), 2009.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, This manuscript was submitted for review to the Eighteenth Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS*2009 in Berlin and accepted for oral presentation at the meetin

Eficacia de un desinfectante sobre Vibrio ordalii, Vibrio anguillarum, Francisella sp. y Virus de la Necrosis Pancreática Infecciosa (IPNV), patógenos de salmón del Atlántico (Salmo salar) cultivado en Chile

Indexación: ScieloRESUMEN En el presente trabajo se evaluó la eficacia in vitro del desinfectante Duplalim®, una combinación sinérgica de glutaraldehído y sales de amonio cuaternario de cuarta generación, contra 4 patógenos de peces prevalentes de la salmonicultura chilena. Los resultados muestran que todas las concentraciones ensayadas (diluciones entre 1:200 a 1:400) fueron eficaces sobre los aislados de Vibrio ordalii y Vibrio anguillarum post-30 s de exposición, detectando niveles de reducción igual a 1.8 x 106 UFC/ml. Concentraciones superiores de Duplalim® (dilución 1:50) y un tiempo de exposición no menor a 5 min. Fueron necesarios para eliminar completamente al patógeno intracelular Francisella sp. Cuando el desinfectante fue ensayado contra el Virus de la necrosis Pancreática infecciosa (IPNV), se detectó que la dilución 1:400 tiene un efecto significativo después de 2 minutos sin importar los títulos de IPNV testeados (mayor concentración evaluada 107.6 TCID50/ml). Duplalim® se evaluó en condiciones masivas contra los miembros de la familia Vibrionaceae. En comparación a los controles (sin adición desinfectante), la dilución 1:400 de Duplalim® eliminó completamente V. ordalii y V. anguillarum después de 15 minutos de tratamiento, tanto en el agua de cultivo como en la superficie de mallas usadas en el cultivo del salmón. Así, el análisis microbiológico del agua de los controles mostró concentraciones de 1.4 ± 0.3 × 106 UFC/ml, mientras en el caso de las mallas 7.6 ± 3.2 × 105 UFC/ml1. En resumen, los antecedentes obtenidos indican que el uso del desinfectante Duplalim® es efectivo contra V. ordalii, V. anguillarum y IPNV en bajas concentraciones y cortos periodos de exposición (dilución 1:400 por 15 min.), mientras que para el patógeno intracelular se requiere una concentración mayor. Palabras clave: desinfectante, patógenos de peces, salmón del atlántico. SUMMARY The efficacy of the disinfectant Duplalim®, a synergistic blend of superquats and glutaraldehyde, was analysed in vitro against 4 fish pathogens. All concentrations tested (1:200 to 1:400 dilutions) were efficacious on killing Vibrio ordalii and Vibrio anguillarum in seawater after 30 s, being the level of reduction equal to 1.8 x 106 CFU/ml. Higher concentration of Duplalim® (1:50 dilutions) and time of exposure (at least 5 min) is needed to kill completely Francisella sp, an intracellular freshwater pathogen. When Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) was treated with 1:400 disinfectant dilution, this concentration had a significant effect after 2 minutes, regardless of the IPNV titres employed (concentration greater than 107.6 TCID50/ml). Duplalim® was tested in large scale against Vibrionaceae members. In comparison to the controls (without the disinfectant), 1:400 dilutions of Duplalim® totally killed V. ordalii and V. anguillarum in seawater as well as on the surface of the fishing net (used in the cages of cultured salmon) after 15 min. Cultivable bacteria remained constant in the buckets without the disinfectant (1.4 ± 0.3 × 106 CFU/ml), regardless of the period sampled. In the case of the adherence on the fishing net, bacteria not exposed to the disinfectant were detected at a concentration of 7.6 ± 3.2 × 105 CFU/ml. These data indicate that the use of Duplalim® against V. ordalii, V. anguillarum and IPNV is effective in low concentration and short time of exposure (15 min at a concentration of 1:400 dilutions), while the intracellular pathogen requires higher concentration. Key words: disinfectant, Chilean fish pathogens, Atlantic salmon

Consistency of Lunar Orbiter residuals with trajectory and local gravity effects

Harmonic models and Doppler data used to analyze orbital perturbation of Lunar Orbite

Assessment of the potential of MERIS near-infrared water vapour products to correct ASAR interferometric measurements

Atmospheric water vapour is a major limitation for high precision Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) applications due to its significant impact on microwave signals. We propose a statistical criterion to test whether an independent water vapour product can reduce water vapour effects on InSAR interferograms, and assess the potential of the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) near-infrared water vapour products for correcting Advanced SAR (ASAR) data. Spatio-temporal comparisons show c. 1.1mm agreement between MERIS and GPS/radiosonde water vapour products in terms of standard deviations. One major limitation with the use of MERIS water vapour products is the frequency of cloud free conditions. Our analysis indicates that in spite of the low global cloud free conditions (~25%), the frequency can be much higher for certain areas such as Eastern Tibet (~38%) and Southern California (~48%). This suggests that MERIS water vapour products show potential for correcting ASAR interferometric measurements in certain regions