QPROP: A Schroedinger-solver for intense laser-atom interaction

The Qprop package is presented. Qprop has been developed to study laser-atom interaction in the nonperturbative regime where nonlinear phenomena such as above-threshold ionization, high order harmonic generation, and dynamic stabilization are known to occur. In the nonrelativistic regime and within the single active electron approximation, these phenomena can be studied with Qprop in the most rigorous way by solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation in three spatial dimensions. Because Qprop is optimized for the study of quantum systems that are spherically symmetric in their initial, unperturbed configuration, all wavefunctions are expanded in spherical harmonics. Time-propagation of the wavefunctions is performed using a split-operator approach. Photoelectron spectra are calculated employing a window-operator technique. Besides the solution of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation in single active electron approximation, Qprop allows to study many-electron systems via the solution of the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equations.Comment: 40 pages, LaTeX; to obtain the QPROP source code visit http://www.qprop.de, accepted for publication in Computer Physics Communication

An analytical study of liquid outflow from cylindrical tanks during weightlessness Final report

Liquid outflow from cylindrical tanks during weightlessnes

Angular distribution studies on the two-photon ionization of hydrogen-like ions: Relativistic description

The angular distribution of the emitted electrons, following the two-photon ionization of the hydrogen-like ions, is studied within the framework of second order perturbation theory and the Dirac equation. Using a density matrix approach, we have investigated the effects which arise from the polarization of the incoming light as well as from the higher multipoles in the expansion of the electron--photon interaction. For medium- and high-Z ions, in particular, the non-dipole contributions give rise to a significant change in the angular distribution of the emitted electrons, if compared with the electric-dipole approximation. This includes a strong forward emission while, in dipole approxmation, the electron emission always occurs symmetric with respect to the plane which is perpendicular to the photon beam. Detailed computations for the dependence of the photoelectron angular distributions on the polarization of the incident light are carried out for the ionization of H, Xe$^{53+}$, and U$^{91+}$ (hydrogen-like) ions.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, published in J Phys

Nonsequential Double Recombination in Intense Laser Fields

A second plateau in the harmonic spectra of laser-driven two-electron atoms is observed both in the numerical solution of a low-dimensional model helium atom and using an extended strong field approximation. It is shown that the harmonics well beyond the usual cut-off are due to the simultaneous recombination of the two electrons, which were emitted during different, previous half-cycles. The new cut-off is explained in terms of classical trajectories. Classical predictions and the time-frequency analysis of the ab initio quantum results are in excellent agreement. The mechanism corresponds to the inverse single photon double ionization process in the presence of a (low frequency) laser field.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, v2 with an extended strong field approximation treatment of the process; instead, v1 describes an attosecond control scheme to enhance the proces

Relativistic and retardation effects in the two--photon ionization of hydrogen--like ions

The non-resonant two-photon ionization of hydrogen-like ions is studied in second-order perturbation theory, based on the Dirac equation. To carry out the summation over the complete Coulomb spectrum, a Green function approach has been applied to the computation of the ionization cross sections. Exact second-order relativistic cross sections are compared with data as obtained from a relativistic long-wavelength approximation as well as from the scaling of non-relativistic results. For high-Z ions, the relativistic wavefunction contraction may lower the two-photon ionization cross sections by a factor of two or more, while retardation effects appear less pronounced but still give rise to non-negligible contributions.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Deuteron Momentum Distribution in KD2HPO4

The momentum distribution in KD2PO4(DKDP) has been measured using neutron Compton scattering above and below the weakly first order paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition(T=229K). There is very litte difference between the two distributions, and no sign of the coherence over two locations for the proton observed in the paraelectric phase, as in KH2PO4(KDP). We conclude that the tunnel splitting must be much less than 20mev. The width of the distribution indicates that the effective potential for DKDP is significantly softer than that for KDP. As electronic structure calculations indicate that the stiffness of the potential increases with the size of the coherent region locally undergoing soft mode fluctuations, we conclude that there is a mass dependent quantum coherence length in both systems.Comment: 6 pages 5 figure

Динаміка екологічної політики і правосвідомості в переломленні норм кримінального права

Коваль М. П. Динаміка екологічної політики і правосвідомості в переломленні норм кримінального права : автореф. дис. ... канд. юрид. наук : 23.00.02 / М. П. Коваль; кер. роботи Ю. Є. Полянський; Нац. ун.-т "Одеська юридична академія". – Одеса, 1998. – 19 с.Дисертація в вигляді рукопису на здобуття вченого ступеня кандидата юридичних наук по спеціальності 23.00. 02. - Політичні інститути і процеси. Одеська державна юридична академія. - Одеса, 1998 р. Досліджуються проблеми ефективності екологічної політики при опосередкуванні правовими засобами. Захищаються теоретичні положення, що стосуються кримінально-екологічної охорони. На цій основі формулюються поняття кримінально-екологічної правосвідомості, поняття об'єкта екологічного захисту і охорони. Ставиться проблема уніфікації у вигляді Екологічного кодексу в Україні. Пропонуються рекомендації по ефективній екологічній політиці шляхом вдосконалення кримінально-екологічного законодавства.Диссертация в виде рукописи на соискание ученой степени кандидата юридических наук по специальности 23.00.02. - Политические институты и политические процессы. Одесская государственная юридическая академия . г. Одесса, 1998г. Исследуются проблемы эффективности экологической политики при опосредовании правовыми методами. Защищаются теоретические положения, касающиеся уголовно-экологической охраны. На этой основе формулируются понятия уголовно-экологического правосознания, понятия объекта экологической защиты и охраны. Ставится проблема унификации в виде Экологического кодекса в Украине. Предлагаются рекомендации по эффективной экологической политике путем совершенствования уголовно-экологического законодательства.The thesis is being submitted for a master of laws' degree in handwritting 23.00.02.- Political institution and process. The Odessa State juridical Academy. 1998. The question of ecologic policy efficiency and are being researched by means juridical methods. The theoretical principles concerning criminal law - ecology protection. On this base the concepts of criminal law - ecologic lawconciousness as well as those of subject of ecologic protection and defence. The task of unification in the form Ukraine's ecologic Code is being set. The recommendations on efficient ecologic policy by improvement of criminal law-ecologic legigation and being proposed {put forward for consideration}

Loneliness and Deprivation: The Case of Roman Catholic Priests

Using Roman Catholic Priests as a test in order to control for deprivation in relationships of intimacy while maximizing the need for social network relationships, an examination was made of their differential experience of loneliness. The evidence suggested repeatedly that priests were more likely to experience loneliness as a serious problem when they perceived that the social network which they regarded as most significant in their lives (the Church) placed some kind of structural limitation on the extent of their involvement in it. Factors, for example, which help determine the individual priest\u27s place in the structure of the Church are: type of assignment, length of time ordained, and degree of integration into the network through mutual commitment; all of these factors correlate significantly with the experience of loneliness. For priests experiencing serious loneliness, there were further significant correlations with a perceived deficit in intimacy, an expressed need for sexual intimacy, a desire to marry, and more frequent dating behavior. While causal sequences could not be established with certainty, the use of Guttman scaling techniques and a logical ordering of the variables suggests strongly that an emotional response (in this case an exaggerated search for intimate relationships) may have been triggered by social deprivation (network exclusion) rather than by an emotional deprivation (in intimacy) as might have been expected. Such a possibility has far-reaching implications and calls for further research. If an exaggerated search for intimate relationships can be triggered by social network deprivation, that might shed light on a variety of other phenomena such as promiscuity and rape, especially in urban, industrialized societies whose character is such that secondary relationehips become more pervasive and achieve such great importance in the minds and daily lives of the people