Education in the Context of the Pandemic: A Look at the Case of Portugal

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing structural and irreversible changes and transformations in individuals, families, companies, countries and in the world. There will be a society before and after COVID-19. Education is a pillar of sustainability and of society‟s future which is also being damaged by this world crisis. Professionals, students and family, the government, the educational system are looking for answers in record time. This brief article aims to share Portugal‟s experience, a country marked by a series of successive reforms of the national education system.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Unbearable Lightness of Academic Fraud: Portuguese Higher Education Students’ Perceptions

The perception that academic fraud is widespread in higher education affects the credibility of higher education schools, giving rise to doubts concerning the quality of learning and the students’ preparation for their professional life. Academic misconduct is presently a common research area. However, higher education schools still seem unable to contain academic fraud, given its prevalence and scope. Therefore, understanding students’ perceptions and attitudes remains critical for schools to define effective policies in promoting and defending academic integrity. Towards that aim, the results from a set of focus groups of students from a higher education school are presented. Students do not link academic fraud with unethical professional behaviour, propose more sanctions for those who commit academic fraud, and consider that certain evaluation methods favour unethical behaviour.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Rotas de investigação em Comportamento Organizacional: Passado, presente e futuro da investigação em Portugal

Passados mais de 10 anos sobre o último número especial da PSICOLOGIA subordinado ao tema do comportamento organizacional, o presente número procurou focar-se nas novas direções de investigação sobre o Comportamento Organizacional em Portugal. Assim, é objetivo deste número especial fazer o levantamento do estado da arte da investigação em comportamento organizacional em Portugal, permitindo com isto traçar rumos futuros da investigação nesta área. Pretendem-se destacar os estudos e teorias atuais no campo do comportamento organizacional, refletindo os desenvolvimentos dos últimos 10 anos. Seguindo cinco temas abrangentes Ȃ o indivíduo, a interface individual e de grupo nas organizações, as questões macroorganizacionais, as teorias organizacionais, e a estratégia e metodologias em comportamento organizacional Ȃ este número pretende explorar a literatura e investigação produzida em Portugal nas últimas décadas em comportamento organizacional.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Smartphone use side-by-side with burnout: mediation of work-family interaction and loneliness

The main objective of this investigation is to study the relationship between compulsive smartphone use and burnout, and the potential mediating effect of negative work–family interaction and loneliness in this relationship. An online questionnaire was applied to a sample of 228 Portuguese workers, from various sectors, aged between 19 and 60 years (mean = 32.32); (standard deviation = 9.25), mostly female (64.5%; n = 154). The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The main results show that the compulsive use of the smartphone is positively and expressively related (β = 0.258; p < 0.001) to burnout, with compulsive users reporting more symptoms of burnout. In addition, this study shows the mediating power of negative work–family interaction and loneliness, in the relationship between compulsive smartphone use and burnout, with this effect being positive and significant (B = 0.072; 95% CI [0.026; 0.145]; B = 0.068; 95% CI [0.008; 0.141]). These results highlight the need for individuals and organizations to use smartphones with caution, as well as reinforce that companies must develop a way to prevent and treat possible risk factors associated with this phenomenon.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

From Human Rights to the Right to Health: A Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to analyze literature that reflects on prevention in health, with a focus on humanization and medium- and long-term impacts on the economy of countries and suggest future research that further expands this topic. The use of the SMARTER method to select the articles included in the literature review and choose the best alternatives presents a series of techniques and methods to support decision-making when there is a multiplicity of criteria. Through a systematic review of the literature over the past 41 years, articles were selected using the SCOPUS database, where 96 studies were analyzed after using the SMARTER selection criteria. The results point to the need to review and improve policies, interventions, and public activities that address prevention in health, with less emphasis on the curative approach and without neglecting economic and social facets. A strong argument highlighting the importance of the economic factor lies in the possibility of increasing participation in the labor market and combating social inequalities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Positive Psychological Capital as a Predictor of Satisfaction With the Fly-In Fly-Out Model

The flexibility of markets and international agreements have lured a growing number of companies to expand their business beyond frontiers in search for new markets and a bigger business network. Specifically, expatriates became keystones to implant and promote the so desired expansion into international markets, Particularly, Fly-in flyout (FIFO) flexpatriates. Although FIFO work practices are widely used, little is known about how to promote these professionals’ perceived job satisfaction (JS) across the course of their work cycles. That is why the goal of our research is to test the positive psychological capital (PsyCap) applicability to Portuguese FIFO flexpatriates. In the midst of the positive psychology theories, Luthans et al. (2007b) underline that workers are the psychological capital of any organization. Therefore, the development of the PsyCap becomes crucial and also contributes to the promotion of JS, nowadays a construct intertwined with well-being. As such, we developed and applied a HERO– (hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism)–micro-intervention in order to assess whether it moderated the relationship between a FIFO flexpatriates PsyCap and their JS. The research took place over three distinct moments, both PsyCap and JS were measured before and after the HERO micro-intervention, and again 3 months later. The data collected shows that a positive correlation exists between FIFO flexpatriates PsyCap and JS. Moreover, our results pointed out that the micro-intervention enhanced FIFO flexpatriates PsyCap, and also showed that this increase lasted over (at least) 3 months.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Portuguese version of the body investment scale: psychometric properties and relationships with disordered eating and emotion dysregulation

Background This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Body Investment Scale (BIS) in a nonclinical sample of students and a clinical sample of outpatients with eating disorders, to analyse the differences in the BIS factors between the samples and to explore the relationships among body investment, eating disorder symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation. Methods The clinical (n = 93) and nonclinical (n = 448) samples completed self-report measures. Results In contrast to the nonclinical sample, confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit for the original four-factor solution of the BIS in the clinical sample. This scale also demonstrated adequate internal consistency in both samples. Significant differences in BIS factors were found between the samples; outpatients with eating disorders presented more negative feelings about the body, less comfort with touch and lower levels of body protection than those of the students. In the clinical sample, significant relationships were found between these factors and a higher severity of disordered eating, as well as between these factors and higher difficulties in emotion regulation. Conclusions The Portuguese version of the BIS is a psychometrically sound measure for the assessment of body investment, and it is especially appropriate in a clinical setting of outpatients with eating disorders.- This work was supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology under Grant [SFRH/BD/116974/2016]

Posttraumatic stress disorder : psychometric characteristics of the Portuguese version of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version (PCL-C)

RESUMO - IntroduÇão: Com o objetivo de explorar as características psicométricas da Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C) realizou-se um estudo com profissionais de ajuda e seguranÇa. Material e métodos: No estudo transversal participaram 1215 bombeiros e polícias que responderam à PCL-C em formato papel. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam a mesma estrutura fatorial e boas características psicométricas em termos de cluster de diagnóstico e indicador de severidade. Conclusões: A PCL-C na sua versão portuguesa revela qualidades psicométricas que mostram a sua adequaÇão para utilizaÇão em pesquisas futuras.ABSTRACT - Introduction: In order to explore the psychometric characteristics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian Version (PCL–C) a study was conducted with professional help and safety. Material and methods: This study had the participation of 1215 firefighters and police who responded the PCL-C on paper. Results: The results show the same factor structure as well as good psychometric characteristics in terms of diagnosis clusters and severity indicator. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of PCL-C reveals good psychometric qualities that seem to be appropriate for use in future research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The prevalence of eating disorders not otherwise specified

Objective: Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS) represent the most common eating disorder diagnosed in specialized treatment settings. The purpose of the current study is to assess the prevalence of EDNOS in a nationwide community sample. Method: Participants were 2028 female students, aged 12 to 23, attending public schools in the 9th to 12th grades in Portugal. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire in Stage 1 of the study. In Stage 2, we selected all the participants who met any of these criteria: (1) BMI ≤ 17.5, (2) scores ≥ 4 on any of the four EDE-Q Subscales, (3) a total EDE-Q score ≥ 4, or, (4) the presence of dysfunctional eating behaviors. In Stage 2, eating disorder experts interviewed 901 participants using the Eating Disorder Examination. Results: The prevalence of all eating disorders was 3.06% among young females. Prevalence for anorexia nervosa was 0.39%, for bulimia nervosa 0.30%, EDNOS 2.37%. Conclusion: EDNOS is a very common eating disorder and accounts for three-quarters of all community cases with eating disordersFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT