PIN12: IMPLICATIONS OF APPLYING DIFFERENT NATIONAL GUIDELINES ADDRESSING SURGICAL ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF 386 PATIENTS UNDERGOING TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY

Presentation at the 7th annual Forum for Development Cooperation with Indigenous Peoples, which commenced the 5th-6th of October 2006. The Centre for Sámi Studies hosted the conference at the University of Tromsø, Norway. Full conference report available at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2996</a

Risk of surgical site infection and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis: a cohort study of appendectomy patients in Thailand

BACKGROUND: No data currently exist about use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections (SSI) among patients undergoing appendectomy in Thailand. We therefore examined risk factors, use, and efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical site infection SSI among patients with uncomplicated open appendectomy. METHODS: From July 1, 2003 to June 30, 2004 we conducted a prospective cohort study in eight hospitals in Thailand. We used the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) system criteria to identify SSI associated with appendectomy. We used logistic regression analysis to obtain relative risk estimates for predictors of SSI. RESULTS: Among 2139 appendectomy patients, we identified 26 SSIs, yielding a SSI rate of 1.2 infections/100 operations. Ninety-two percent of all patients (95% CI, 91.0–93.3) received antibiotic prophylaxis. Metronidazole and gentamicin were the two most common antibiotic agents, with a combined single dose administered in 39% of cases. In 54% of cases, antibiotic prophylaxis was administered for one day. We found that a prolonged duration of operation was significantly associated with an increased SSI risk. Antibiotic prophylaxis was significantly associated with a decreased risk of SSI regardless of whether the antibiotic was administered preoperatively or intraoperatively. Compared with no antibiotic prophylaxis, SSI relative risks for combined single-dose of metronidazole and gentamicin, one-day prophylaxis, and multiple-day antibiotic prophylaxis were 0.28 (0.09–0.90), 0.30 (0.11–0.88) and 0.32 (0.10–0.98), respectively. CONCLUSION: Single-dose combination of metronidazole and gentamicin seems sufficient to reduce SSIs in uncomplicated appendicitis patients despite whether the antibiotic was administered preoperatively or intraoperatively

Quoi de neuf dans le traitement de l’hypertension artérielle pulmonaire en 2015 ?

International audienceL’hypertension artérielle pulmonaire (HTAP) est une maladie vasculaire pulmonaire rare et grave, caractérisée par l’augmentation progressive des résistances artérielles pulmonaires, qui peut conduire, à terme, à une insuffisance cardiaque droite et au décès. En 2015, on dispose de dix molécules enregistrées dans cette indication correspondant à plusieurs centaines de patients inclus dans le monde dans des essais de phases II et III au cours de ces vingt dernières années, véritable [...