65 research outputs found
First isolation of dengue 1 virus from Aedes aegypti in Federal District, Brazil
Dengue is present in the Federal District since 1991 and virological studies of the vector began in 1998. Two strains of DEN1 were isolated from 9 pools of female Aedes aegypti (78 mosq.), collected in April in Gama county, where the Breteau index was 5.4, and 32 autochtonous human cases were notified
Elemental Abundance Ratios in Stars of the Outer Galactic Disk. II. Field Red Giants
We summarize a selection process to identify red giants in the direction of
the southern warp of the Galactic disk, employing VI_C photometry and
multi-object spectroscopy. We also present results from follow-up
high-resolution, high-S/N echelle spectroscopy of three field red giants,
finding [Fe/H] values of about -0.5. The field stars, with Galactocentric
distances estimated at 10 to 15 kpc, support the conclusion of Yong, Carney, &
de Almeida (2005) that the Galactic metallicity gradient disappears beyond R_GC
values of 10 to 12 kpc for the older stars and clusters of the outer disk. The
field and cluster stars at such large distances show very similar abundance
patterns, and, in particular, all show enhancements of the "alpha" elements O,
Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti and the r-process element Eu. These results suggest that
Type II supernovae have been significant contributors to star formation in the
outer disk relative to Type Ia supernovae within the past few Gyrs. We also
compare our results with those available for much younger objects. The limited
results for the H II regions and B stars in the outer disk also suggest that
the radial metallicity gradient in the outer disk is shallow or absent. The
much more extensive results for Cepheids confirm these trends, and that the
change in slope of the metallicity gradient may occur at a larger
Galactocentric distance than for the older stars and clusters. However, the
younger stars also show rising alpha element enhancements with increasing R_GC,
at least beyond 12 kpc. These trends are consistent with the idea of a
progressive growth in the size of the Galactic disk with time, and episodic
enrichment by Type II supernovae as part of the disk's growth. [Abridged]Comment: Accepted for publication in A
Stochastic climate theory and modeling
Stochastic methods are a crucial area in contemporary climate research and are increasingly being used in comprehensive weather and climate prediction models as well as reduced order climate models. Stochastic methods are used as subgrid-scale parameterizations (SSPs) as well as for model error representation, uncertainty quantification, data assimilation, and ensemble prediction. The need to use stochastic approaches in weather and climate models arises because we still cannot resolve all necessary processes and scales in comprehensive numerical weather and climate prediction models. In many practical applications one is mainly interested in the largest and potentially predictable scales and not necessarily in the small and fast scales. For instance, reduced order models can simulate and predict large-scale modes. Statistical mechanics and dynamical systems theory suggest that in reduced order models the impact of unresolved degrees of freedom can be represented by suitable combinations of deterministic and stochastic components and non-Markovian (memory) terms. Stochastic approaches in numerical weather and climate prediction models also lead to the reduction of model biases. Hence, there is a clear need for systematic stochastic approaches in weather and climate modeling. In this review, we present evidence for stochastic effects in laboratory experiments. Then we provide an overview of stochastic climate theory from an applied mathematics perspective. We also survey the current use of stochastic methods in comprehensive weather and climate prediction models and show that stochastic parameterizations have the potential to remedy many of the current biases in these comprehensive models
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Disorientating, fun or meaningful? Disadvantaged families' experiences of a science museum visit
It is widely agreed that there is a need to increase and widen science partici- pation. Informal science learning environments (ISLEs), such as science museums, may provide valuable spaces within which to engage visitorsâyet the visitor profile of science museums remains narrow. This paper seeks to understand the experiences of socially disadvantaged families within such spaces. Using a Bourdieusian analytic lens, we analyse qualitative data from a small study conducted with ten parents and ten children from an urban school who visited a large science museum. Data includes pre- and post-interviews, audio recordings and visit fieldnotes. We characterised familiesâ experiences as falling into three discourses, as âdisorientatingâ, âfunâ or âmeaningfulâ visits. Analysis identifies how the familiesâ experiences, and the likelihood of deriving science learning from the visit, were shaped through interactions of habitus and capital. Implications for improving equity and inclusion within ISLEs are discussed
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESISTANCE OF COMMON BEAN LINES TO \u3ci\u3eSclerotinia sclerotiorum\u3c/i\u3e
INTRODUCTION. White mold (WM), caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a serious constraint of common bean during the fall-winter season in Brazil. The most commonly used control measure is fungicide application. However, the high cost and the potentially deleterious effects on human health and environment have motivated the search for new options of WM management. Genetic resistance is a key component of the WM management, because it is easier for farmers to adopt and is environmentally safe. Since 2008, we have screened common bean lines/cultivars for WM resistance from the field trials named Value for Cultivation and Use (VCU) conducted under WM pressure. The lines screened in these trials have been developed by Federal University of Viçosa, Federal University of Lavras, EPAMIG and Embrapa Rice and Beans. Beginning in 2015, we have evaluated the genotypes screened in the VCU trials in comparison to three WM-resistant checks (A195, G122, and Cornell 605) in advanced field trials, straw and/or detached leaflet tests. Here, we present results from the straw and the detached leaflet tests to assess physiological resistance of lines/cultivars originally screened for resistance to foliar diseases and high yield
Endocrine disruptors and child neurodevelopment - research questions and study design of EDC(Mind)2 project
Current environmental and epidemiological data to interpret adverse impacts of endocrine disruptors (EDCs) is highly insufficient. These compounds are ubiquitous, can persist in the environment, and yet they are largely unregulated in the current frameworks. Their exposure is especially relevant for the susceptible population such as children. EDC(Mind)2 is a multidisciplinary project that will address the critical gaps in knowledge of child exposure to EDCs with emphasis on the impacts on neurodevelopment in order to establish a set of good practices and guidelines designed to ultimately lead to a healthy and safe environment for children.</p
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