Pengembangan Model Latihan Teknik Dasar Shooting Permainan Sepakbola Usia 12-15 Tahun pada Peserta Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler SMP

Development Model Basic Training Soccer Game Shooting of Age 12-15 Years on Participants Junior High School Extracurricular Activities.This research aims at developing a model training basic techniques of shooting football games, aged 12-15 years. The subject of the research were students joining extracurricular in Junior High School 1 Blitar. The study used research and development design by Gall and Borg that was adapted into: 1) determining the potential and the problems of research; 2) collecting the information: (a) examining the references, (b) needs analysis; 3) designing products; 4) designing validation, testing football experts (2); 5) improving or revising design; 6) trials phase I (small groups of 6 people); 7 revising II); 8) phase II trial (a large group of 24 persons); 9) final product development. The descriptive analysis was used tp analyze the data. Expert evaluation of football on the results of the needs analysis to testing is 90%, the test results of the phase I tryout for small groups obtained 84.16%, test results for phase II field tryout retrieved results 89.58%. It showed the development of this model was appropriate. The evaluation of media experts obtained 90%, so this shooting exercise model book is appropriate to be used

Inverse Relationship of Serum Hepcidin Levels with CD4 Cell Counts in HIV-Infected Patients Selected from an Indonesian Prospective Cohort Study

Contains fulltext : 125996.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Distortion of iron homeostasis may contribute to the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis (TB). We studied the association of the central iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin with the severity of HIV and the association between hepcidin and other markers of iron homeostasis with development of TB. METHODS: Three groups of patients were selected from a prospective cohort of HIV-infected subjects in Bandung, Indonesia. The first group consisted of HIV-infected patients who started TB treatment more than 30 days after cohort enrollment (cases). The second group consisted of HIV-infected patients who were matched for age, gender and CD4 cell count to the cases group (matched controls). The third group consisted of HIV-infected patients with CD4 cell counts above 200 cells/mm(3) (unmatched controls). Iron parameters including hepcidin were compared using samples collected at cohort enrollment, and compared with recently published reference values for serum hepcidin. RESULTS: A total of 127 HIV-infected patients were included, 42 cases together with 42 matched controls and 43 unmatched controls. Patients with advanced HIV infection had elevated serum hepcidin and ferritin levels. Hepcidin levels correlated inversely with CD4 cells and hemoglobin. Cases had significantly higher hepcidin and ferritin concentrations at cohort enrollment compared to matched controls, but these differences were fully accounted for by the cases who started TB treatment between day 31 and 60 after enrollment. Hepcidin levels were not different in those with or without hepatitis C infection. CONCLUSION: Iron metabolism is distorted in advanced HIV infection with CD4 cell counts correlating inversely with serum hepcidin levels. High serum hepcidin levels and hyperferritinemia were found in patients starting TB treatment shortly after cohort enrollment, suggesting that these parameters have a predictive value for development of manifest TB in HIV-infected patients

Forest cover and climate as potential drivers for dengue fever in Sumatra and Kalimantan 2006–2016: a spatiotemporal analysis

Objectives: To describe and quantify spatiotemporal trends of dengue fever at district level in Sumatra and Kalimantan, Indonesia in relation to forest cover and climatic factors