The circulatory impact of dust from dust profile assimilation

We present results from a reanalysis of temperatures, dust columns and dust vertical profiles focussing on the assimilation, distribution and transport of dust in the martian atmosphere. The assimilation of dust vertical information in particular is a valuable technique which has been shown to be of vital importance to a successful assimilation of the martian atmosphere, with the vertical representation of the dust distribution having a critical effect on assimilation results generally. Atmospheric dust is a key driver of the martian circulation. Dust-induced heating and cooling is a potential feedback mechanism for dust lifting, for example, and can modify the circulation to either enhance or suppress dust storm activity. Accurately representing its complex spatial and temporal distribution is therefore crucial for understanding Mars’ atmospheric dynamics and transport

University-wide Entrepreneurship Education: Alternative Models and Current Trends

The paper examines the trend towards university-wide programs in entrepreneurship education. We present a conceptual framework for dividing university-wide programs into two categories: magnet programs, which draw students into entrepreneurship courses offered in the business school, and radiant programs, which feature entrepreneurship courses outside the business school, focused on the specific context of the nonbusiness students. Examining 38 ranked entrepreneurship programs, we found that about 79 percent now have university-wide programs, most of which follow a magnet model. In interviews with stakeholders at sample institutions, we found that magnet and radiant programs differ in terms of program definition, motivation for the university-wide focus, and costs and benefits. Our major findings are: (1) the trend toward university-wide entrepreneurship education is strong and gaining momentum; (2) our conceptual framework clarifies the different pathways for creating a university-wide approach; (3) while the radiant model is extremely appealing to students, parents, and alumni, the magnet model is easier to administer and represents the path of least resistance; and (4) while the magnet model is simpler to implement, it may lead to conflicts in the longer term because the benefits may not be shared equally across the university

University-wide Entrepreneurship Education: Alternative Models and Current Trends

WP 2002-02 March 2002The paper examines the trend towards university-wide programs in entrepreneurship education. We present a conceptual framework for dividing university-wide programs into two categories: “magnet programs,” which draw students into entrepreneurship courses offered in the business school, and “radiant programs,” which feature entrepreneurship courses outside the business school, focused on the specific context of the non-business students. Examining 38 ranked entrepreneurship programs, we found that about 75% now have university-wide programs, most of which follow a magnet model. In interviews with stakeholders at sample institutions (some ranked, others not), we found that magnet and radiant programs differ in terms of program definition, motivation for the university-wide focus, and costs and benefits. Our major findings are 1) The trend toward University-wide entrepreneurship education is strong and gaining momentum 2) Our conceptual framework clarifies the different pathways for creating a university-wide approach, 3) While the radiant model is extremely appealing to students, parents, and alumni, the magnet model is easier to administer and represents the pathway of least resistance, and 4) While the magnet model is simpler to implement, it may lead to conflicts in the longer term because the benefits (in terms of flow of students and donors) may not be shared equally across the university

Pilot, Rollout and Monte Carlo Tree Search Methods for Job Shop Scheduling

Greedy heuristics may be attuned by looking ahead for each possible choice, in an approach called the rollout or Pilot method. These methods may be seen as meta-heuristics that can enhance (any) heuristic solution, by repetitively modifying a master solution: similarly to what is done in game tree search, better choices are identified using lookahead, based on solutions obtained by repeatedly using a greedy heuristic. This paper first illustrates how the Pilot method improves upon some simple well known dispatch heuristics for the job-shop scheduling problem. The Pilot method is then shown to be a special case of the more recent Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) methods: Unlike the Pilot method, MCTS methods use random completion of partial solutions to identify promising branches of the tree. The Pilot method and a simple version of MCTS, using the $\varepsilon$-greedy exploration paradigms, are then compared within the same framework, consisting of 300 scheduling problems of varying sizes with fixed-budget of rollouts. Results demonstrate that MCTS reaches better or same results as the Pilot methods in this context.Comment: Learning and Intelligent OptimizatioN (LION'6) 7219 (2012

Getting it Right: Directors’ assessment of information

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine a role for Information and Process scepticism in non-delegable director duties. We draw upon auditing literature to guide an understanding of scepticism. Design: This is a conceptual paper, drawing upon archival material, including statute law, case law, regulatory guidance material and media releases in Australasia. Research Implications: We present arguments that challenge us to understand the process of information, judgment and actions of directors as a neuroeconomic phenomenon

Planetary wave reanalysis using satellite data

A key motivation to use data assimilation for plane-tary science is in order to recover information about day-to-day atmospheric variability, or ‘weather’. Whilst there is no immediate need for a regular weather forecast in most planetary science, data assimilation offers the prospect of a systematic rea-nalysis of past and present spacecraft data. This is especially valuable when, as is often the case, a planet is being observed from only one or two orbital platforms at any one time and synoptic-scale weather system may translate and change signifi-cantly between satellite passes. Observations are often sparse and incomplete. This leads to problems of aliasing and potential ambiguity in a convention-al data analysis

DNA structural deformations in the interaction of the controller protein C.AhdI with its operator sequence

Controller proteins such as C.AhdI regulate the expression of bacterial restriction–modification genes, and ensure that methylation of the host DNA precedes restriction by delaying transcription of the endonuclease. The operator DNA sequence to which C.AhdI binds consists of two adjacent binding sites, OL and OR. Binding of C.AhdI to OL and to OL + OR has been investigated by circular permutation DNA-bending assays and by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. CD indicates considerable distortion to the DNA when bound by C.AhdI. Binding to one or two sites to form dimeric and tetrameric complexes increases the CD signal at 278 nm by 40 and 80% respectively, showing identical local distortion at both sites. In contrast, DNA-bending assays gave similar bend angles for both dimeric and tetrameric complexes (47 and 38°, respectively). The relative orientation of C.AhdI dimers in the tetrameric complex and the structural role of the conserved Py-A-T sequences found at the centre of C-protein-binding sites are discussed

DNA structural deformations in the interaction of the controller protein C.AhdI with its operator sequence

Controller proteins such as C.AhdI regulate the expression of bacterial restriction–modification genes, and ensure that methylation of the host DNA precedes restriction by delaying transcription of the endonuclease. The operator DNA sequence to which C.AhdI binds consists of two adjacent binding sites, OL and OR. Binding of C.AhdI to OL and to OL + OR has been investigated by circular permutation DNA-bending assays and by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. CD indicates considerable distortion to the DNA when bound by C.AhdI. Binding to one or two sites to form dimeric and tetrameric complexes increases the CD signal at 278 nm by 40 and 80% respectively, showing identical local distortion at both sites. In contrast, DNA-bending assays gave similar bend angles for both dimeric and tetrameric complexes (47 and 38°, respectively). The relative orientation of C.AhdI dimers in the tetrameric complex and the structural role of the conserved Py-A-T sequences found at the centre of C-protein-binding sites are discussed

Investigating the Role of Advection Processes in Improved Martian Dust Assimilation Techniques for ExoMars

Mineral dust is a key component in the atmosphere of Mars, and understanding its properties and behaviour is therefore key for planning and performing future activity on the planet. Data assimilation is a technique for combining observations with an atmospheric model, in this case the LMD-UK Mars General Circulation Model (MGCM). We describe its benefits and previous work in Martian data assimilation, and demonstrate its utility by examining a regional dust event in Mars Year 26 using Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) dust optical depth observations. We set out aims to improve upon current dust assimilation techniques, specifically regarding the advection of dust within the assimilation, in preparation for forthcoming high-resolution dust observations from the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and its NOMAD spectrometer