The Influence of the Brazilian Dictatorship on Brazilian Music: A Rhetorical Analysis of Protest Songs

In 1964, Brazil suffered a military coup that established a dictatorship in the country until 1985. During this period, the armed forces used unrestrained violence to suppress the opposition, and the government placed a heavy censorship on the media and the arts. Music was a targeted area due to its great influence on society, especially on the youth, and many songwriters and singers were exiled. In order to escape from the censors and still be able to convey a revolutionary message to the people, they had to use different literary devices and create new methods of writing. It was in this context that a new and unique segment in Brazilian music emerged–the so-called “protest songs.

The Impacts of MERCOSUR on Brazil

International Relations/Trade,

Relações de gênero em um debate sobre Mecânica Quântica e visões de Ciência entre graduandos de Física

Um dos efeitos das diferenças entre gêneros nas aulas de ciências é o estímulo às lideranças masculinas e a predominância dos pontos de vista dos garotos. A presente pesquisa investigou as relações de gênero entre graduandos em Física quanto ao exercício do papel de parceiro mais capaz em um debate mediado por um questionário sobre conceitos da Mecânica Quântica (MQ) e visões de ciência (VC). Os resultados da análise do discurso dos estudantes sinalizam para a maior propensão de que os garotos assumam a posição de parceiros mais capazes por meio de um discurso de autoridade e que algumas estudantes tenham habilidades alternativas para exercê-la, adotando um discurso jocoso e crítico

Costs and benefits of agricultural price stabilization in Brazil

In recent years, agricultural price stabilization policies have been recommended in Brazil as a way to reduce government intervention and open the sector for international trade without internalizing the instability of world prices. The proposal discussed (and eventually implemented in 1987) was to establish a system of price bands around a moving average of past prices, with the government relying on stocks to defend the bands. The authors evaluated the"band proposal"for six commodities, using historical data and posing this question: what would have happened if price bands had been adopted in the past six to ten years (compared with free trade)? There were two major findings. First, the implications of adopting a band-rule policy depend heavily on the specific characteristics of the commodities. Second, the welfare gains for risk reduction through agricultural price stabilization are unlikely to be large relative to the welfare gains from price reform that reduces market distortions for these six agricultural commodities. More research into the macroeconomic implications of price stabilization policies is necessary, particularly in countries with unstable but moderate rates of inflation.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets,Insurance&Risk Mitigation

Unified radio and network control across heterogeneous hardware platforms

Experimentation is an important step in the investigation of techniques for handling spectrum scarcity or the development of new waveforms in future wireless networks. However, it is impractical and not cost effective to construct custom platforms for each future network scenario to be investigated. This problem is addressed by defining Unified Programming Interfaces that allow common access to several platforms for experimentation-based prototyping, research, and development purposes. The design of these interfaces is driven by a diverse set of scenarios that capture the functionality relevant to future network implementations while trying to keep them as generic as possible. Herein, the definition of this set of scenarios is presented as well as the architecture for supporting experimentation-based wireless research over multiple hardware platforms. The proposed architecture for experimentation incorporates both local and global unified interfaces to control any aspect of a wireless system while being completely agnostic to the actual technology incorporated. Control is feasible from the low-level features of individual radios to the entire network stack, including hierarchical control combinations. A testbed to enable the use of the above architecture is utilized that uses a backbone network in order to be able to extract measurements and observe the overall behaviour of the system under test without imposing further communication overhead to the actual experiment. Based on the aforementioned architecture, a system is proposed that is able to support the advancement of intelligent techniques for future networks through experimentation while decoupling promising algorithms and techniques from the capabilities of a specific hardware platform

Uso de óleos essenciais de cravo-da-índia, melaleuca, eucalipto e menta na sedação de peixe.

Com objetivo de avaliar o efeito no comportamento, tempo para sedação e tempo para recuperação de soluções preparadas com óleos essenciais extraídos de quatro tipos vegetais, com a finalidade de reduzir estresse dos peixes.Organizado por: Sílvio Ricardo Maurano; AQUACIÊNCIA 2012

Caracterização morfológica de exemplares de equinos da raça quarto de milha utilizadas no laço comprido.

Objetivou-se realizar a caracterização morfológica de exemplares de equinos da raça Quarto de Milha utilizados no Laço Comprido. Foram amostrados 69 equinos (54 fêmeas e 15 machos) com idade adulta, utilizados em provas realizadas em Miranda e São José do Camisão - Aquidauana, sub-regiões do Pantanal do MS. Com auxílio de fita métrica, mensuraram-se: perímetros: torácico, canela, joelho e antebraço; largura: peito, garupa, cabeça e ísquio; tamanho: orelha; alturas: cernelha, codilho ao solo, garupa, joelho e dorso lombar; comprimentos: quartela torácica, perna, canela pélvica, canela torácica, garupa, pescoço, cabeça, corporal, espádua, dorso e antebraço; longitude: rosto; distâncias: escápula boleto e tórax abdômen. Com base nas medidas, estimaram-se os índices de conformação: relação cernelha garupa, corporal, dáctilo torácico, peso e carga na canela. O estudo da variação das pelagens baseou-se a partir da simples contagem das ocorrências do fenômeno, entre os eqüinos. Analisou-se possível efeito do dimorfismo sexual sobre as características morfométricas e conformação. Para interpretação das pelagens, a análise estatística foi realizada em função da distribuição de freqüências. Não houve diferenças significativas (P<0,05) em nenhuma das características entre machos e fêmeas. Os eqüinos foram classificados como cavalos de médio porte, aptidões intermediárias para força e velocidade, com bom equilíbrio entre os membros locomotores, aptidões intermediárias para uso em sela ou tração e com boa capacidade dos membros locomotores deslocarem toda a massa corporal. Observou maior predominância da pelagem alazã (52,17%), seguida da castanha (18,84%) e baia (8,69%), ao passo que as pelagens lobuna (1,44%), zaina (4,34%) obtiveram menor representabilidade

Main competencies to manage complex defence projects

This research adds a comprehensive way of assessing competencies, contrasting with the usual reductionist approach that uses off-the-shelf instruments. The study reveals 27 competencies to manage complex projects based upon a comprehensive analysis of 22 interviews with senior practitioners associated with the most strategic projects from the Brazilian Army. These competencies were divided into 10 groups, namely influencing, communication, team working, cognitive, management, contextual skills, professionalism, project management knowledge, and personal skills and attributes. Surprisingly, both emotional skills and social competencies were not prominent. The results contribute to advance our knowledge by revealing that practitioners involved in complex defence projects value more technical and individual competencies. This study analyses competencies across several complex projects in the defence sector, providing insights to practitioners and expanding the academic debate focused on other industries and single cases. Organisations might use the competencies to recruit, select, and develop human resources involved in complex defence initiatives