Analysis of Oilseed of Halophytic Species: Atriplex Griffithii, Haloxylon Ammodendron, Salicornia Europaea, Salsola Yazdiana

Seeds of Atriplex griffithii, Haloxylon ammodendron, Salicornia europaea and Salsola yazdiana were analyzed to determine their potential as sources of edible oil. The quantity of total oil varied from 13.8% in Atriplex griffithii to 20.9% in H. ammodendron. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids were higher (62-73.8%), with the highest values of α-linoleic acid (18.6%), linoleic acid (28.6%) and oleic acid (19.7%) in the seeds of A. griffithii, H. ammodendron and S. europaea, respectively. Results of physicochemical evaluation of the extracted oils ranged as follows: iodine values, 99.8-106.5 (g I2/100 g); saponification value, 188-283 (mg KOH/1g of oil); peroxide value, 9-13 (meq/kg) and refractive index, 1.4750- 1.4761. Amongst these oilseeds, S. europaea (containing 73.8% unsaturated fatty acids but not erucic acid) was the highest in quality for human consumption followed by H. ammodendron

A Novel Protocol for Stevia Rebaudiana (Bert.) Regeneration

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has sweet substances (stevioside) in its leaves that are free of calories and their consumption is beneficial for diabetic patients and is also helpful in high blood pressure also. Because of low capability in seed germination, tissue culture is an appropriate method for propagation of this plant. In the current study, optimization of stevia in vitro cultivation via direct organogenesis with different explants, light intensities and plant hormones has been examined. These treatments included BAP (at 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2mg/l) in combination with  2,4-D, IBA and NAA (each with concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5mg/l) and different light intensities (Dark, 2000, 4000 and 6000 lux). MS was utilized as a basal medium. Results indicated the highest rate of organogenesis (85%) occurred on the axillary buds explants with a medium containing 1.5mg/l BAP + 0.1mg/l NAA under 6000 lux light intensity. Also, the highest range of primary organ per explant (42) with 0.3cm length was achieved at this condition. The most efficient medium for rhizogenesis i.e. 100% root production along with the highest root number (11 with approximately 7.13cm length) was obtained in presence of activated charcoal and 1mg/l of IBA. At the end of rhizogenesis experiments, the plantlet length and node multiplicity were 12.8cm and 7 respectively. Greenhouse cultivation of these plantlets was successful

Direct generation of tunable orbital angular momentum beams in microring lasers with broadband exceptional points

Non-Hermitian exceptional points (EPs) represent a special type of degeneracy where not only the eigenvalues coalesce, but also the eigenstates tend to collapse on each other. Recent studies have shown that in the presence of an EP, light-matter interactions are profoundly modified, leading to a host of novel optical phenomena ranging from enhanced sensitivity to chiral light transport. As of now, however, in order to stabilize a system at the vicinity of an exceptional point, its related parameters must be carefully tuned and/or continuously controlled. To overcome this limitation, here we introduce a new family of broadband exceptional points based on unidirectional coupling, implemented by incorporating an Sshaped waveguide in a microring cavity. In active settings, the resulting unidirectionality exhibits unprecedented resilience to perturbations, thus providing a robust and tunable approach for directly generating beams with distinct orbital angular momentum (OAM). This work could open up new possibilities for manipulating OAM degrees of freedom in applications pertaining to telecommunications and quantum computing, while at the same time may expand the notions of non-Hermiticity in the orbital angular momentum space

MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA SISWA KELAS VIIIA MTS ZAINUL BAHAR MELALUI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS)

Abstract : The lack of students’ speaking skill was one the causes of students’ inactivity in the classroom. Speaking skills that had not been mastered by the students were linguistic factors and non-linguistic factors. The linguistic factors that had been mastered yet by students were pronunciation, intonation, tone pressure, inappropriate duration, and also the sentences used by students were still not effective. The nonlinguistic factors that had been mastered yet by students were lack of bravery, fluency, loudness, and mastering the topic. One of the ways to overcome the problems was by applying cooperative learning strategy through think pair share type (TPS). This research was called Classroom Action Research (CAR). The approaches used in this research were qualitative and quantitative approaches. The respondents of this research were students of class VIII A at MTs Zainul Bahar, Wringin sub-distric, Bondowoso regency. The data analysis was administered whether or not there was an improvement of students’ speaking skill. The result showed that there was an improvement of students’ speaking skill with the percentage of pre-cycle was 25%, the first cycle was 46,9%, the second cycle was 87,5%. Key Words : CAR, linguistic factors and non-linguistic factors, speaking skill, TPS

DIKSI DAN GAYA BAHASA DALAM PERCAKAPAN “SENTILAN SENTILUN”

Abstract : Diction and style of language is one of the invoices that affects one's speaking skills. When expressing ideas, thounght, and feelings to other, language users often do not state what is meant directly but by using words or terms whose meaning can not be directly interpreted in accordance with the origin or meaning of the term. Users diction and style of language are also present in conversation “Sentilan Sentilun”. The existence of unique words and style of language variation in the event behind this research. Based on this, it can be formulated the following issues: (1) how the diction and style of language used and Sentilun scolding figures in conversation "scolding Sentilun" and (2) how the function of the diction and style of language used and Sentilun scolding figures in conversation "scolding Sentilun ". Using a qualitative descriptive research, the results obtained in the form of the word connotative meaning, a scientific word, style and style mesodiplosis cynicism that dominates in every conversation "scolding Sentilun". In addition, the function of the diction and style are classified based on the notion of diction and style of the language it self. “Sentilan Sentilun” is one of the show's title that aired every Monday at 10:30pm at Metro TV. When viewed from the means used to convey to the audience (audience, viewers, or listeners), the show is the kind of television drama. While if it is seen by figure presenting, including comedy drama. Use of words in conversation “Sentilan Sentilun” figures containing style of language will be more easily understood by the listener if these words are commonly used in the general public. Use of diction and style of figurative language also makes the languageso it would sound more appealing to listeners to listen to scrutinize to motivational listen comedy drama and received messages to be conveyed by the characters. Key Words: comedy drama, Metro TV, Sentilan Sentilun, the diction and style of language

ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA TUTURAN MAHASISWA DALAM SEMINAR PROPOSAL SKRIPSI MAHASISWA

Abstract : his research is motivated by one of the speak events which was interesting to studied, especially the speak events at thesis proposal seminar forum of Jember university educational studies program language and Indonesia literature students. These errors language are discovered in the process of speaking seminar thesis proposal, the students still use speech that structurally incompatible with rule right speech, some have excessive speech, but some use incomplete speech, so the meaning of the spoken speech is unclear and difficult to understood by the partner they said. The method that used descriptive method and type of qualitative research. The results of this research describe the form of omission, addition,misformation and misodering, so it make a ineffective speech. Error speech at the seminar thesis proposal makes unclear meaning, meaning difficult to understand, blurring the meaning of the sentence, and the ambiguous meaning in a speech making ineffective speech. Key Words : analysis, error, students', language

Enhanced behavioral performance through interareal gamma and beta synchronization

Highlights• Both occipital gamma and fronto-central beta synchronization improve performance• For both, deviations from typically observed phase relations increase reaction time• Good phase relations are correlated between occipital gamma and fronto-central beta• Enhanced top-down Granger causality in the beta band shortens reaction timesSummaryCognitive functioning requires coordination between brain areas. Between visual areas, feedforward gamma synchronization improves behavioral performance. Here, we investigate whether similar principles hold across brain regions and frequency bands, using simultaneous electrocorticographic recordings from 15 areas of two macaque monkeys during performance of a selective attention task. Short behavioral reaction times (RTs), suggesting efficient interareal communication, occurred when occipital areas V1, V2, V4, and DP showed gamma synchronization, and fronto-central areas S1, 5, F1, F2, and F4 showed beta synchronization. For both area clusters and corresponding frequency bands, deviations from the typically observed phase relations increased RTs. Across clusters and frequency bands, good phase relations occurred in a correlated manner specifically when they processed the behaviorally relevant stimulus. Furthermore, the fronto-central cluster exerted a beta-band influence onto the occipital cluster whose strength predicted short RTs. These results suggest that local gamma and beta synchronization and their inter-regional coordination jointly improve behavioral performance

Histological characterization of venom secretory cells in the stinger of 3 stingrays (Dasyatidae) species: Dasyatis bennetti, Himantura walga, Himantura gerrardi, in northern water of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea

Rays are common elasmobranches in the northern waters of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea that may have one or more mineralized serrated stingers on the whip-like tail. The stingers are covered by epidermal cells among which some can produce venom. When these animals are dorsally touched, the stinger may be introduced into the aggressor by a whip reflex mechanism, causing severe mechanical injuries and inoculating the venom. A comparative morphological characterization of the stinger epidermal tissue of different ray species in the northern part of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea was carried out in this study. EDTA was used for decalcification of stings and conventional histological processes were subsequently employed. The results indicated that structure of dermis and epidermis layers of stings in all species are similar to those of corresponding layers in other parts of fish’s body. The results of the present study have also shown that all three examined species, had venom secretory cells. Distribution of venom secretory cells varies in each species; in Dasyatis bennetti and Himantura walga species, these cells presented in all covered epithelium of stings and in Himantura gerrardi, were in the ventral, ventro-lateral and dorso-lateral of the spine. These differences among the stingers of various species may explain the envenomation severity in these species

BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI TEKS BERMUATAN PENDIDIKAN EKOLOGI BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL OSING

didik untuk belajar bahasa Indonesia sekaligus mengembangkan sikap dan perilaku peduli terhadap lingkungan. Melalui metode dokumentasi, tulisan ini disajikan dengan tujuan memaparkan kompetensi pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis teks di SMP dan mendeskripsikan teks dengan muatan pendidikan lingkungan berbasis kearifan lokal Osing serta penggunaannya dalam pembelajaran. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat teks bermuatan pendidikan ekologi yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber materi pembelajaran beragam teks, seperti teks prosedur dan teks fabel. Dari teks-teks tersebut peserta didik, khususnya yang berlatar budaya Osing, dapat dibimbing dalam rangka menguasai kompetensi bahasa serta menumbuhkembangkan sikap dan perilaku peduli terhadap lingkungannya