Generation of spectrum compatible accelerograms

In this paper a new method is presented for generating earthquake accelerograms which have pre-established response spectra. The non-stationary random nature and other salient features of the accelerograms can be taken care of by the procedure developed. The method leads to a sample spectrum which lies above the given spectrum. The generation of records to suit several spectra simultaneously can also be handled by this approach. The method is detailed first. This is followed by several numerical examples

Awareness about adverse drug reaction monitoring and pharmacovigilance among final year medical students in tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh: a cross sectional study

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an unwanted, undesirable effect of a drug that occurs during clinical use. ADRs will occur daily in health care institutions and can unfavourably affect a patient's quality of life, frequently causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Pharmacovigilance is defined as the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem.Methods: It was a non-interventional study was done among hundred final year medical students at Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh. The study instrument was a predesigned questionnaire was structured by following the precedence, which was set by parallel studies. The participants were given forty-five minutes to answer the questionnaire; the questionnaires were then analyzed by grading the respondents into three categories: poor, unsatisfactory and satisfactory.Results: This study showed satisfactory results about awareness, knowledge and methods of application of pharmacovigilance among final year medical students 55%, 47%, 54% respectively and positive correlation between awareness, knowledge and methods of application of pharmacovigilance among final year medical students significantly (<0.0001) correlated.Conclusions: The present study revealed that the final year medical students were satisfactory in awareness and knowledge and methods of application of pharmacovigilance. The correlations told that the higher the awareness, the more was the knowledge and better were the methods of application. Likewise, the knowledge and practices were significantly and positively related to a correlation

Unique Ethnomedicinal Uses of Some Plant Species of Andhra Pradesh, India

Mankind has blessed with variety of natural products which help us in day to day life. These extraordinary substances help us to treat different ailments of human beings and other pet animals. In the recent years ethnopharmaocology played a vital role in the undeveloped and developing countries of the Globe. Mono and multi ingredient herbal and non-herbal remedies as smoke practiced in different geographical regions of our globe. Present paper deals with some medicinal plants of Andhra Pradesh to treat different diseased with help of smoke therapy.  Total 48 plant species of mono ingredient remedies, 16 plant species of multi ingredient remedies and 4 Non medicinal smokes with health benefits belonging to 30 families from Andhra Pradesh. Medicinal indications for smoke are respiratory tract, gynecological, narcotic, toothache, cough relief, chicken pox, skin diseases and neurological. The methods for administrating smoke are inhalation, smoke directed at a specific part of the body. The benefit of the smoke therapy is quick absorption and rapid relief

Fertilization, Soils and Cultural Practices CROPLOGGING AS A MEANS OF CONTROLLING SUGARCANE FERTILIZATION IN SMALL HOLDINGS

ABSTRACT The results of logging sugarcane crops in small holdings distributed over 6 sugar factory zones in Andhra Pradesh (India) have been presented in order to indicate the relationship between nutrient indices of crops given different levels of N and cane yield. I n the 152 holdings about which information has been presented in this paper, 3 varieties, viz, Co 419, Co 527 and Co 997 were involved. The findings indicated that 3-6 leaf sheath moisture in the first 4 months and at harvest may be taken as a reliable guide for prediction of cane yields and quality of the crop, respectively. Completion of N fertilization within 4 months and provision of adequate irrigation, especially, in this period were noted to result in maintenance of optimum sheath moisture values at appropriate times, leading to good cane yields of satisfactory quality

Impact of intraband misregistration on image classification

Remote sensing data acquired from spaceborne platforms in multispectral channels with moderate to high spatial resolution has been extensively used for numerous applications. Registration between images as well as multispectral bands significantly affects the classification accuracy. Data acquired in multiple channels needs accurate intraband registration to minimise classification errors. Availability of very high spatial resolution data such as from SPOT, IRS-P6, IKONOS, and Quickbird demands very accurate intraband registration. Ability to provide accurate intraband registration requires proper knowledge of satellite attitude, Earth rotation correction, sensor geometry etc. While every effort is made to minimise the intraband misregistration at product generation level, it is difficult to remove it all together. In view of this and its significance on remote sensing image classification, an attempt was made to evaluate the impact of intraband misregistration on classification of remote sensing image with high spatial resolution data. Study carried using a prototype image and IRS-P6 LISS-IV image reveals that image data with intraband misregistration greater than 20% significantly reduce image sharpness and leads to misclassification. Though misregistration of NIR band has major impact on classification it was also seen that misregistration among all bands would lead to even greater error in classification and increased edge blurring

INFLUENCE OF CARBON AND NITROGEN SOURCE ON GROWTH, DON AND NIV PRODUCTION BY TWO SPECIES OF FUSARIUM ISOLATED FROM FINGER MILLETS

Objective: Influence of different carbon [C] and nitrogen [N] source on the growth and Deoxynivalenol [DON] and Nivalenol [NIV] production by Fusarium aethiopicum and Fusarium culmorum was investigated.Methods: Seven days old monosporic cultures of F. aethiopicum strain GSKUMB [KJ21085] and F. culmorum strain GSKUMB [KJ190159] were grown in CYA broth and incubated at 27±2°C on the rotary shaker at 120 rpm for 21 days. At the end of incubation period, cultures were harvested for determination of fungal growth (biomass). The resultant culture filtrates were extracted twice with ethyl acetate and concentrated. One ml of final concentrate in methanol was employed for detection of DON and NIV with the help of RP-HPLC.Results: The highest amount of DON and NIV were produced by F. aethiopicum in the presence of D-mannose and D-galactose as C source, while the highest amount of biomass was recorded on maltose and succinic acid. F. culmorum produced maximum amount of toxins in the presence of D-glucose, D-mannitol and D-fructose. Sodium nitrate was most favorable nitrogen source as it induced maximum amount of toxins by F. aethiopicum, while L-methionine, L-asparatic acid and L-tryptophan were next preferred N source. In contrast, highest biomass of fungus was obtained with L-lysine, L-glutamine and L-tyrosine. F. culmorum produced maximum amount of toxin and biomass with potassium nitrate and L-tyrosine respectively.Conclusion: Present species of Fusarium differed varied both in toxins (DON, and NIV) and biomass production. Their response of fungi under investigation towards C and N sources is also varied.Â

Kinetics of Co-oxidation of Ethylene Glycol & Propan-2-ol by Acid Bromate

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DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE LOADED NANOSPONGES FOR ORAL DELIVERY

Objective: In the current investigation,nanosponges were set up by emulsion solvent diffusion technique utilizing ethyl cellulose and β-cyclodextrin as polymers. Methods: Diltiazem hydrochloride is taken as model medication for considering different nanosponge formulations. The similarity of different formulation segments was set up by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Molecular size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency and drug content of nanosponges were analyzed. Shape and surface morphology of the nanosponges were inspected utilizing scanning electron microscopy. Results: Molecule size of formulated nanosponges was seen in the scope of 186 to 476 nm. Scanning electron microscopy uncovered the permeable, round nature of the nanosponges. The drug content of nanosponges for ethyl cellulose containing formulations was seen as in the scope of 62.25 to 85.11% and for the β-cyclodextrin containing details were seen as in the scope of 65.18-89.67%. The percentage entrapment effectiveness of nanosponges for ethyl cellulose containing formulations were seen as in the scope of 54.18 to 79.49% and for the β-cyclodextrin containing details were seen as in the scope of 58.21-83.45%. In vitro drugreleasefindings demonstrated that at 12 h ethyl cellulose containing formulations discharged the drug in the scope of 57.27-89.09% and for the β-cyclodextrin containing formulations discharged in the scope of 73.94-93.26%. Conclusion: Sustained drugreleasefrom formulations is supported if there is an occurrence of ethyl cellulose in the formulations rather with plans containing β-cyclodextrin

Ameliorative Effect of Ginger on Blood Glucose Levels and Cardiac TCA Cycle Enzymes Activity in STZ Induced Diabetic Rat

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ginger administration on altered blood glucose levels, cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes (TCA cycle enzymes) activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. The study divided Wistar strain rats into five groups: normal control, ginger treated, diabetic control, diabetic plus ginger treated, and diabetic plus glibenclamide treated groups. The diabetic group had significantly elevated blood glucose levels, which were significantly lowered by ginger administration. The cytosolic enzyme G6PDH activity was significantly (P&lt;0.001) decreased along with a significant increase in the LDH activity in diabetic rats heart tissue. The activities of SDH, MDH, GDH in the heart tissue of diabetic rats were significantly decreased, but the daily oral treatment of ginger to diabetic rats for thirty days reversed the above changes in a significant (P&lt;0.001) manner. The study demonstrated that an ethanolic extract of ginger could lower blood glucose levels, improve enzyme activities and body weight in diabetic rats. This suggests that ginger extracts could be used as a cardio-protective supplement to reverse diabetic-induced complications