Global dimensions for the recognition of prototypical urban roads in large-scale vector topographic maps

CISRG discussion paper ; 1

Prospects of tourism through software industries in India

Tourism is an important catalyst emerging as a global phenomenon in the socio-economic development in the modern times. Software industry in India through its business activities promotes tourism as a most profitable industry and also credited with contributing a substantial amount of foreign exchange. Development of Information Technology has transformed the contemporary business environment in the tourism sector. This paper highlights the new dimension of the development of tourism supported by technological progres

Distribuirani obrambeni mehanizmi za clone napade temeljeni na algoritmu za istraživanje gravitacije (GSA) u WSN

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are often deployed in hostile environment and are vulnerable to attacks because of the resource constrained nature of the sensors. Clone attack in WSN is one of the major issues where the messages are eavesdropped, the captured node is cloned, and multiple nodes with same identity are produced by attacker. In order to overcome these issues, in this paper, a Distributed Defense Mechanism for Clone Attacks based on Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) in WSN is proposed. For efficiently detecting the suspect nodes, the nodes in the channel can be divided into witness node and the claimer node. The witness nodes are responsible for the suspect nodes detection, whereas the claimer nodes should provide their identities for the detection process. For the witness nodes selection, we utilize the GSA to pick out the best witness nodes set. After selecting the witness nodes, clone attack detection is performed by observing the behavior of the neighbor nodes. On detecting the clone attack, revocation procedure is triggered to revoke the clone attack in the witness nodes. By simulation results, it can be concluded that the proposed algorithm provides better protection to clone attacks by reducing the packet drop and increasing the packet delivery ratio.Bežične senzorske mreže (WSN) često su raspoređene u neprijateljskom okruženju i ranjive su na napade zbog prirode senzora koji su tehnološki ograničeni. Clone napad u WSN jedan je od glavnih problema gdje se poruke prisluškuju, zarobljeni čvor se klonira te napadač proizvede višestruke čvorove istog identiteta. Kako bi nadvladali te probleme, ovaj rad predlaže distribuirani obrambeni mehanizam za clone napade temeljen na algoritmu za istraživanje gravitacije (GSA) u WSN. Kako bi se sumnjivi čvorovi efikasno detektirali, čvorovi u kanalu mogu se podijeliti u čvorove svjedoke i tražene čvorove. Čvorovi svjedoci odgovorni su za otkrivanje sumnjivih čvorova, dok traženi čvorovi trebaju za potrebe procesa detekcije navesti svoj identitet. Za izbor čvorova svjedoka, koristi se GSA kako bi se izabrala grupa čvorova koji su najprikladniji. Nakon izbora čvorova svjedoka, otkivanje clone napada vrši se promatranjem ponašanja susjednih čvorova. Otkrivanjem clone napada aktivira se proces opoziva kako bi se opozvao clone napad u čvorovima svjedocima. Prema rezultatima dobivenim iz simulacije može se zaključiti kako predloženi algoritam pruža bolju zaštitu od clone napada smanjivanjem odbacivanja paketa i povećavanjem omjera isporuke paketa

Biomethanated distillery spentwash and pressmud biocompost as sources of plant nutrients for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

A field experiment was conducted to study the impact of biomethanated distillery spentwash and pressmud biocompost in various proportions with inorganic fertilizers on yield attributes, yield, oil and protein content of groundnut at Research and Development Farm of M/s. Bhavani Distilleries and Chemicals Ltd., T. Pudur, Thimiri, Tamil Nadu. Results of the field experiment revealed that yield and yield attributes viz., number of matured pods, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage of groundnut were improved by the application of biomethanated distillery spentwash and pressmud biocompost compared to recommended NPK as chemical fertilizers. One-time pre-sown application of BDS @ 100 m3ha-1 along with recommended NP in groundnut registered higher pod, grain and haulm yield of 1774, 1272 and 4668 kg ha-1, respectively and the increase was to the tune of 35.83, 43.57 and 46.01 per cent, respectively over control. Similar to yield, BDS application increased the protein and oil content of groundnut kernels significantly. The net returns and benefit cost ratio of sugarcane were also as high as Rs.19,612 ha-1 and 1.90 for the treatment that received pre-sown application of BDS @ 100 m3ha-1 along with recommended NP as compared to control of Rs.19,612 ha-1 and 1.38, respectively. This concludes that the biomethanated distillery spentwash can be conveniently used as source of plant nutrients for groundnut

A computer science perspective on the bendsimplication algorithm

CISRG discussion paper ; 1

A Novel Approach for the Design of Controllers with Interleaved Boost Converter

Themomentous increase in exigency of electric energy is forced us to find various source of generations like solar, wind, hydraulic and clean energy like fuel cell. Low cost, high efficiency, compactness, portability and environmentally clean energy has enhanced the research on fuel cell. One of the factor which affects the life time of the fuel cell is ripple content presents in the current. In order to supply high voltage and low current applications, fuel cell is used to integrate with boost converter. But to improve the performance and lifetime of fuel cell, interleaved boost converter is employed. Also to supply for constant load the output voltage has to be maintained at a particular value. To attain this controllers are exploited. The conventional PI controller and smith predictive controller are designed for fuel cell fed interleaved boost converter in order to track the output voltage and to improve the transient time.The results depict the validity of the design procedure and the potential of the proposed method

STUDY OF SALIVARY PH IN PATIENTS WITH THE PREVALENCE OF PERIODONTITIS WITH OR WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the relationship between salivary pH and periodontitis in subjects with and without diabetes mellitus. The relationship betweendiabetes mellitus and salivary pH has been assessed. The relationship between periodontitis and salivary pH has been assessed.But the relationshipbetween diabetes mellitus, periodontitis and salivary pH among adults has received less attention.Methods: A total of sixty subjects were evaluated in the study with no history of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, with periodontitis but no historyof diabetes mellitus, with periodontitis and diabetes mellitusas twenty in each group.pH strips were used to measure the salivary pH.Results: The results show that a decreased salivary pHwas seen in subjects having periodontitis with diabetes as compared to subjects havingperiodontitis without diabetes.Conclusion: Thus diabetes mellitus have a direct effect on salivary pH, reducing it from normal levels.Keywords: Periodontitis, Diabetes mellitus, Salivary pH

DNA cleavage and antitumour activity of platinum(II) and copper(II) compounds derived from 4-methyl-2-N-(2-pyridylmethyl)aminophenol: spectroscopic, electrochemical and biological investigation

The reaction of the redox-active ligand, Hpyramol (4-methyl-2-N-(2-pyridylmethyl)aminophenol) with K2PtCl4 yields monofunctional square-planar [Pt(pyrimol)Cl], PtL-Cl, which was structurally characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy. This compound unexpectedly cleaves supercoiled double-stranded DNA stoichiometrically and oxidatively, in a non-specific manner without any external reductant added, under physiological conditions. Spectro-electrochemical investigations of PtL-Cl were carried out in comparison with the analogue CuL-Cl as a reference compound. The results support a phenolate oxidation, generating a phenoxyl radical responsible for the ligand-based DNA cleavage property of the title compounds. Time-dependent in vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed with both PtL-Cl and CuL-Cl in various cancer cell lines. The compound CuL-Cl overcomes cisplatin-resistance in ovarian carcinoma and mouse leukaemia cell lines, with additional activity in some other cells. The platinum analogue, PtL-Cl also inhibits cell-proliferation selectively. Additionally, cellular-uptake studies performed for both compounds in ovarian carcinoma cell lines showed that significant amounts of Pt and Cu were accumulated in the A2780 and A2780R cancer cells. The conformational and structural changes induced by PtL-Cl and CuL-Cl on calf thymus DNA and phi X174 supercoiled phage DNA at ambient conditions were followed by electrophoretic mobility assay and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The compounds induce extensive DNA degradation and unwinding, along with formation of a monoadduct at the DNA minor groove. Thus, hybrid effects of metal-centre variation, multiple DNA-binding modes and ligand-based redox activity towards cancer cell-growth inhibition have been demonstrated. Finally, reactions of PtL-Cl with DNA model bases (9-Ethylguanine and 5'-GMP) followed by NMR and MS showed slow binding at Guanine-N7 and for the double stranded self complimentary oligonucleotide d(GTCGAC)(2) in the minor groove

A quasi experimental study to assess the effevtiveness of structued teaching program on knowledge regarding antenatal care during first and second trimester among primigravida mothers in rural primary health center sakkayanayakknoor, at Dindigal district

A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structed teaching programe on knowledge regarding antenatal care during first and second trimester among primi gravida mothers rural primary health center sakkayanayaknoor at Dindigal .Objectives Of The Study:To assess the pretest level of knowledge regarding antenatal care during first and second trimester among primi gravid mother.To assess the post-test level of knowledge before and after structured teaching programe among primigravida mothers. To test the association between post test knowledge score selected background factors among primigravida mothers. Hypothesis: There will be significant between before and after intervention.There will be significant difference between the post test knowledge score and selected demographic variables among primigravid mothers. Data Collection Procedure: The research approach used for this study was quantitative approach The research design selected for this study was Quasi experimental design. Antenatal care during first and second trimester who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected by using Convenient sampling technique. The tools used for data collection was Demographic data was collected through self report. After that assessing problems faced by wives by using the interview. Duration for collection of data is 30 mts. Conclusion: Structured teaching program significantly increase the knowledge on selected aspect of antenatal care during first and second trimester. So in future nurse can effective structured teaching program to reduce the maternal mortality rate