2,050 research outputs found
The Impacts of WTO and Water Policy Changes on Saudi Arabian Agriculture: Results from an Equilibrium Displacement Model
Saudi Arabia's food consumption has grown dramatically over time. There has been a sharp increase in food consumption and significant changes in the composition of food consumed. Therefore, it is important that the government of Saudi Arabia anticipate further effects of these changes on growth of food demand and focus on food policies that contribute to development goals. On the other hand, limited agricultural productivity and the nature of the country's climatic conditions have constrained agricultural production. This restricted growth in production, combined with population growth, has led Saudi Arabia to depend heavily on food imports to cover the gap between domestic demand and local production. The increased reliance on imports as a source of food will increase the country's import demand. These main problems facing the Saudi agricultural sector suggest the need for an analytical framework that can evaluate effects of policy and resource change on imports, local production and local demand simultaneously. Ideally, the framework should account for substitution and income effects across products that might arise from changes in consumption and production patterns. This is the main objective of this paper.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,
Bridging Policy Practice Gap in the Effective Implementation of REDD+ Programs in Indonesia
During The 2014 UN Climate Summit, world leaders endorse a global timeline to cut natural forest loss in half by 2020, and strive to end it by 2030. The entities endorse the New York Declaration announced dozens of concrete actions and partnerships to implement the New York Declaration and Action Agenda. It also calls for restoring forests and croplands. Reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation, conserving and enhancing forest carbon stocks, and sustainable managing forests (REDD+)is at the center of action agenda. Although REDD-plus calls for activities with serious implications directed towards the local communities, indigenous people and forests which relate to reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation; there is still ambiguity on involvement of these primary stakeholders in enhancing existing forests and increasing forest cover through appropriate incentive agreed upon by the consensus building process. Local communities of diverse endowment, in and around forest protection areas and designated national parks will be the primary target of consensus building since they are the primary stakeholder whose interest should be well addressed in policy together with local government, local and international NGOs, academicians and international funding agencies. This study seeks to implement its activities at multiple levels in the forest dependent communities of Indonesia. It used literature study, multi stakeholders’ forum, and field observation
Controlling Steering Angle for Cooperative Self-driving Vehicles utilizing CNN and LSTM-based Deep Networks
A fundamental challenge in autonomous vehicles is adjusting the steering
angle at different road conditions. Recent state-of-the-art solutions
addressing this challenge include deep learning techniques as they provide
end-to-end solution to predict steering angles directly from the raw input
images with higher accuracy. Most of these works ignore the temporal
dependencies between the image frames. In this paper, we tackle the problem of
utilizing multiple sets of images shared between two autonomous vehicles to
improve the accuracy of controlling the steering angle by considering the
temporal dependencies between the image frames. This problem has not been
studied in the literature widely. We present and study a new deep architecture
to predict the steering angle automatically by using Long-Short-Term-Memory
(LSTM) in our deep architecture. Our deep architecture is an end-to-end network
that utilizes CNN, LSTM and fully connected (FC) layers and it uses both
present and futures images (shared by a vehicle ahead via Vehicle-to-Vehicle
(V2V) communication) as input to control the steering angle. Our model
demonstrates the lowest error when compared to the other existing approaches in
the literature.Comment: Accepted in IV 2019, 6 pages, 9 figure
Jabba: hybrid error correction for long sequencing reads using maximal exact matches
Third generation sequencing platforms produce longer reads with higher error rates than second generation sequencing technologies. While the improved read length can provide useful information for downstream analysis, underlying algorithms are challenged by the high error rate. Error correction methods in which accurate short reads are used to correct noisy long reads appear to be attractive to generate high-quality long reads. Methods that align short reads to long reads do not optimally use the information contained in the second generation data, and suffer from large runtimes. Recently, a new hybrid error correcting method has been proposed, where the second generation data is first assembled into a de Bruijn graph, on which the long reads are then aligned. In this context we present Jabba, a hybrid method to correct long third generation reads by mapping them on a corrected de Bruijn graph that was constructed from second generation data. Unique to our method is that this mapping is constructed with a seed and extend methodology, using maximal exact matches as seeds. In addition to benchmark results, certain theoretical results concerning the possibilities and limitations of the use of maximal exact matches in the context of third generation reads are presented
Control-aware Communication for Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
Utilizing vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technologies, vehicle
platooning systems are expected to realize a new paradigm of cooperative
driving with higher levels of traffic safety and efficiency. Connected and
Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) need to have proper awareness of the traffic
context. However, as the quantity of interconnected entities grows, the expense
of communication will become a significant factor. As a result, the cooperative
platoon's performance will be influenced by the communication strategy. While
maintaining desired levels of performance, periodic communication can be
relaxed to more flexible aperiodic or event-triggered implementations. In this
paper, we propose a control-aware communication solution for vehicle platoons.
The method uses a fully distributed control-aware communication strategy,
attempting to decrease the usage of communication resources while still
preserving the desired closed-loop performance characteristics. We then
leverage Model-Based Communication (MBC) to improve cooperative vehicle
perception in non-ideal communication and propose a solution that combines
control-aware communication with MBC for cooperative control of vehicle
platoons. Our approach achieves a significant reduction in the average
communication rate () while only slightly reducing control performance
(e.g., less than speed deviation). Through extensive simulations, we
demonstrate the benefits of combined control-aware communication with MBC for
cooperative control of vehicle platoons.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.1577
Performance Analysis of V2I Zone Activation and Scalability for C-V2X Transactional Services
Cellular-V2X (C-V2X) enables communication between vehicles and other
transportation entities over the 5.9GHz spectrum. C-V2X utilizes direct
communication mode for safety packet broadcasts (through the usage of periodic
basic safety messages) while leaving sufficient room in the resource pool for
advanced service applications. While many such ITS applications are under
development, it is crucial to identify and optimize the relevant network
parameters. In this paper, we envision an infrastructure-assisted transaction
procedure entirely carried out by C-V2X, and we optimize it in terms of the
service parameters. To achieve the service utility of a transaction class, two
C-V2X entities require a successive exchange of multiple messages. With this
notion, our proposed application prototype can be generalized for any vehicular
service to establish connections on-the-fly. We identify suitable activation
zones for vehicles and assess their impact on service efficiency. The results
show a variety of potential service and parameter settings that can be
appropriate for different use-cases, laying the foundation for subsequent
studies
Jabba: hybrid error correction for long sequencing reads
Background: Third generation sequencing platforms produce longer reads with higher error rates than second generation technologies. While the improved read length can provide useful information for downstream analysis, underlying algorithms are challenged by the high error rate. Error correction methods in which accurate short reads are used to correct noisy long reads appear to be attractive to generate high-quality long reads. Methods that align short reads to long reads do not optimally use the information contained in the second generation data, and suffer from large runtimes. Recently, a new hybrid error correcting method has been proposed, where the second generation data is first assembled into a de Bruijn graph, on which the long reads are then aligned.
Results: In this context we present Jabba, a hybrid method to correct long third generation reads by mapping them on a corrected de Bruijn graph that was constructed from second generation data. Unique to our method is the use of a pseudo alignment approach with a seed-and-extend methodology, using maximal exact matches (MEMs) as seeds. In addition to benchmark results, certain theoretical results concerning the possibilities and limitations of the use of MEMs in the context of third generation reads are presented.
Conclusion: Jabba produces highly reliable corrected reads: almost all corrected reads align to the reference, and these alignments have a very high identity. Many of the aligned reads are error-free. Additionally, Jabba corrects reads using a very low amount of CPU time. From this we conclude that pseudo alignment with MEMs is a fast and reliable method to map long highly erroneous sequences on a de Bruijn graph
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