7,368 research outputs found
Like grandparents, like parents: Empirical evidence and psychoanalytic thinking on the transmission of parenting styles
The authors discuss the issue of intergenerational transmission of parenting from an empirical and psychoanalytic perspective. After presenting a framework to explain their conception of parenting, they describe intergenerational transmission of parenting as a key to interpreting and eventually changing parenting behaviors. Then they present (1) the empirical approach aimed at determining if there is actually a stability across generations that contributes to harsh parenting and eventually maltreatment and (2) the psyphoanalytic thinking that seeks to explain the continuity in terms of representations and clinical phenomena. The authors also discuss the relationship between the attachment and the caregiving systems and hypothesize a common base for the two systems in childhood experience. Finally, they propose the psychoanalytic perspective as a fruitful theoretical framework to integrate the evidence for the neurophysiological mediators and moderators of intergenerational transmission. Psychoanalytically informed research can provide clinically relevant insights and hypotheses to be tested
Kaon physics with the KLOE detector
In this paper we discuss the recent finalized analyses by the KLOE experiment
at DANE: the CPT and Lorentz invariance test with entangled pairs, and the precision measurement of the branching fraction of
the decay . We also present the
status of an ongoing analysis aiming to precisely measure the mass
Numerical simulations challenged on the prediction of massive subhalo abundance in galaxy clusters: the case of Abell 2142
In this Letter we compare the abundance of member galaxies of a rich, nearby
() galaxy cluster, Abell 2142, with that of halos of comparable virial
mass extracted from sets of state-of-the-art numerical simulations, both
collisionless at different resolutions and with the inclusion of baryonic
physics in the form of cooling, star formation, and feedback by active galactic
nuclei. We also use two semi-analytical models to account for the presence of
orphan galaxies. The photometric and spectroscopic information, taken from the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12 (SDSS DR12) database, allows us to
estimate the stellar velocity dispersion of member galaxies of Abell 2142. This
quantity is used as proxy for the total mass of secure cluster members and is
properly compared with that of subhalos in simulations. We find that simulated
halos have a statistically significant ( sigma confidence level)
smaller amount of massive (circular velocity above )
subhalos, even before accounting for the possible incompleteness of
observations. These results corroborate the findings from a recent strong
lensing study of the Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy cluster MACS J0416
\citep{grillo2015} and suggest that the observed difference is already present
at the level of dark matter (DM) subhalos and is not solved by introducing
baryonic physics. A deeper understanding of this discrepancy between
observations and simulations will provide valuable insights into the impact of
the physical properties of DM particles and the effect of baryons on the
formation and evolution of cosmological structures.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. Modified to match the version published in ApJ
Characterizing Diffused Stellar Light in simulated galaxy clusters
[Abridged] In this paper, we carry out a detailed analysis of the performance
of two different methods to identify the diffuse stellar light in cosmological
hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters. One method is based on a
dynamical analysis of the stellar component. The second method is closer to
techniques commonly employed in observational studies. Both the dynamical
method and the method based on the surface brightness limit criterion are
applied to the same set of hydrodynamical simulations for a large sample about
80 galaxy clusters.
We find significant differences between the ICL and DSC fractions computed
with the two corresponding methods, which amounts to about a factor of two for
the AGN simulations, and a factor of four for the CSF set. We also find that
the inclusion of AGN feedback boosts the DSC and ICL fractions by a factor of
1.5-2, respectively, while leaving the BCG+ICL and BCG+DSC mass fraction almost
unchanged. The sum of the BCG and DSC mass stellar mass fraction is found to
decrease from ~80 per cent in galaxy groups to ~60 per cent in rich clusters,
thus in excess of what found from observational analysis.
We identify the average surface brightness limits that yields the ICL
fraction from the SBL method close to the DSC fraction from the dynamical
method. These surface brightness limits turn out to be brighter in the CSF than
in the AGN simulations. This is consistent with the finding that AGN feedback
makes BCGs to be less massive and with shallower density profiles than in the
CSF simulations. The BCG stellar component, as identified by both methods, are
slightly older and more metal-rich than the stars in the diffuse component.Comment: 18 Pages, 15 figures. Matches to MNRAS published versio
Shape Optimization For Parabolic Troughs Working In Non-Ideal Conditions
AbstractThe aim to realize more efficient solar concentrators, improves the research on the best configuration for the mirror surfaces. The optical behavior of a parabolic trough collector is investigated depending on its particular shape outside the ideal conditions. A 2D ray-tracing model of the real systems was realised taking into account a reference value for the solar radiation and different misalignment errors between the light beams and the mirrors axis.The computational analysis shows the relationship among the collection performance and the main geometrical parameters; different boundary conditions bring to consider different optimal configurations for the concentrator shape. Generally for medium concentration levels (50-150x) and non-ideal settings the more efficient parabolas are not characterized by a rim angle equal to 90°, which is the theoretical best value.Among the studied cases, it is interesting to note that a possible working condition for the PT system corresponds to a light beam scattering of 0.5° and a tracking misalignment of 0.2°.With these constrains, imposing high optical performance requirements, a maximum concentration ratio near to 60 can be reached with rim angle values of about 114°
The recycling of gas and metals in galaxy formation: predictions of a dynamical feedback model
We present results of a new feedback scheme implemented in the Munich galaxy
formation model. The new scheme includes a dynamical treatment of galactic
winds powered by supernovae explosions and stellar winds in a cosmological
context. We find that such a scheme is a good alternative to
empirically-motivated recipes for feedback in galaxy formation. Model results
are in good agreement with the observed luminosity functions and stellar mass
function for galaxies in the local Universe. In particular, the new scheme
predicts a number density of dwarfs that is lower than in previous models. This
is a consequence of a new feature of the model, that allows an estimate of the
amount of mass and metals that haloes can permanently deposit into the IGM.
This loss of material leads to the suppression of star formation in small
haloes and therefore to the decrease in the number density of dwarf galaxies.
The model is able to reproduce the observed mass-stellar metallicity and
luminosity-gas metallicity relationships. This demonstrates that our scheme
provides a significant improvement in the treatment of the feedback in dwarf
galaxies. Despite these successes, our model does not reproduce the observed
bimodality in galaxy colours and predicts a larger number of bright galaxies
than observed. Finally, we investigate the efficiency of metal injection in
winds and in the intergalactic medium. We find that galaxies that reside in
haloes with M_vir < 10^12 M_sun/h may deposit most of their metal mass into the
intergalactic medium, while groups and clusters at z=0 have lost at most a few
percent of their metals before the bulk of the halo mass was accreted.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by MNRAS. The galaxy catalogues at z=0
can be downloaded from
http://www.virgo.sussex.ac.uk/Millennium/millennium.htm
Bleeding jejunal varices and portal thrombosis in a splenectomized patient with hereditary spherocytosis
Bleeding from varices located in the small bowel is a
very uncommon finding; nonetheless, such events accompany
with a high mortality rate (1– 4). Moreover,
early diagnosis of jejunal or ileal varices cannot usually
be accomplished with standard diagnostic tools
(ie, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy).
Most reports in the literature relate to subjects with
liver cirrhosis, often with hepatocarcinoma; in unusual
anatomical situations, varices may develop beyond
the ligament of Treitz in adjunct to the far more
common location in the esophageal and gastric wall.
Thrombosis of the portal vein is a common feature in
such conditions. Portal thrombosis has also been described
in association with overt or latent myeloproliferative
diseases (5); its occurrence in nonneoplastic
hematological conditions in subjects with normal liver
function is quite uncommon.
This report describes the observation of jejunal
varices, with repeated episodes of “melena of unknown
origin,” some of which quite severe, as their
clinical presentation in a patient with portal thrombosis
and with otherwise absolutely normal liver function,
who had undergone splenectomy for hereditary
spherocytosis in early adolescence
Pepducin-mediated cardioprotection via β-arrestin-biased β2-adrenergic receptor-specific signaling
Reperfusion as a therapeutic intervention for acute myocardial infarction-induced cardiac injury itself induces further cardiomyocyte death. β-arrestin (βarr)-biased β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) activation promotes survival signaling responses in vitro; thus, we hypothesize that this pathway can mitigate cardiomyocyte death at the time of reperfusion to better preserve function. However, a lack of efficacious βarr-biased orthosteric small molecules has prevented investigation into whether this pathway relays protection against ischemic injury in vivo. We recently demonstrated that the pepducin ICL1-9, a small lipidated peptide fragment designed from the first intracellular loop of β2AR, allosterically engaged pro-survival signaling cascades in a βarr-dependent manner in vitro. Thus, in this study we tested whether ICL1-9 relays cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury in vivo.
Methods: Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6, β2AR knockout (KO), βarr1KO and βarr2KO mice received intracardiac injections of either ICL1-9 or a scrambled control pepducin (Scr) at the time of ischemia (30 min) followed by reperfusion for either 24 h, to assess infarct size and cardiomyocyte death, or 4 weeks, to monitor the impact of ICL1-9 on long-term cardiac structure and function. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) were used to assess the impact of ICL1-9 versus Scr pepducin on cardiomyocyte survival and mitochondrial superoxide formation in response to either serum deprivation or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro and to investigate the associated mechanism(s).
Results: Intramyocardial injection of ICL1-9 at the time of I/R reduced infarct size, cardiomyocyte death and improved cardiac function in a β2AR- and βarr-dependent manner, which led to improved contractile function early and less fibrotic remodeling over time. Mechanistically, ICL1-9 attenuated mitochondrial superoxide production and promoted cardiomyocyte survival in a RhoA/ROCK-dependent manner. RhoA activation could be detected in cardiomyocytes and whole heart up to 24 h post-treatment, demonstrating the stability of ICL1-9 effects on βarr-dependent β2AR signaling.
Conclusion: Pepducin-based allosteric modulation of βarr-dependent β2AR signaling represents a novel therapeutic approach to reduce reperfusion-induced cardiac injury and relay long-term cardiac remodeling benefits
MEASURING THE ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYTICAL COMPETENCE: DEVELOPMENT OF A SCALE
The massive growth in the amount of data that companies, organizations, and society have been compelled to deal with, reinforces the need for studies on subjects such as business intelligence, business intelligence and analytics, and big data. Although certain aspects of these themes are already established in research, there is still a lack of understanding and consensus on how to combine variables to encourage better use of data. In this study, we propose a comprehensive conceptualization of a new construct -- analytical competence (ACOMP) -- comprised of three dimensions grounded in the business intelligence and analytics literature and absorptive capacity theory. To properly develop the ACOMP scale, we followed a six-step procedure and collected data from 82 organizations. We validated a nomological model where the ACOMP scale was tested as an antecedent of organizational performance regarding making decisions and learning. The results of this study provide support for ACOMP as a valid and reliable scale that is useful for both academic and managerial purposes
On Kalmbach measurability
summary:In this note we show that, for an arbitrary orthomodular lattice , when is a faithful, finite-valued outer measure on , then the Kalmbach measurable elements of form a Boolean subalgebra of the centre of
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