Morteros de cemento mejorados con la adición de cenizas volantes carbonatadas provenientes de la incineración de residuos

This article presents the results of a research developing high performance cement mortars with the addition of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) stabilized as insoluble carbonates. The encapsulation of hazardous wastes in mortar matrixes has also been achieved. The ashes present high concentrations of chlorides, Zn and Pb. A stabilization process with NaHCO3 has been developed reducing 99% the content of chlorides. Developed mortars replace 10% per weight of the aggregates by treated MSWIFA. Physical/mechanical properties of these mortars have been studied. Presence of Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd has been also analyzed confirming that leaching of these heavy metal ions is mitigated. Conclusions prove better behavior of CAC and CSA mortars than those of CEM-I and CEM-II cement. Results are remarkable for the CAC mortars, improving reference strengths in more than 25%, which make them a fast-curing product suitable for the repair of structures or industrial pavements.Este artículo presenta los resultados del desarrollo de morteros mejorados con la incorporación de cenizas volantes de residuos sólidos urbanos inertizadas en forma de carbonatos. Además se consigue la encapsulación de un residuo peligroso. Las cenizas presentan una alta concentración de cloruros, Zn y Pb. Se ha desarrollado un proceso de estabilización con NaHCO3 reduciendo en un 99% el contenido de cloruros. Los morteros reemplazan un 10% en peso del árido por cenizas tratadas. Se han analizado sus propiedades físico/mecánicas y la presencia de Zn, Pb, Cu y Cd. Se demuestra un mejor comportamiento de los morteros de CAC y CSA que los de CEM-I y CEM-II y se mitiga el lixiviado de metales pesados. Los resultados son significativos en los morteros CAC al mejorar las resistencias de los de referencia en un 25%. Los morteros desarrollados son de curado rápido adecuados para la reparación de estructuras o soleras industriales

Effects of repeated paleoearthquakes on the Alhama de Murcia Fault (Betic Cordillera, Spain) on the Quaternary evolution of an alluvial fan system

In this work we present a study of an alluvial fan system, which is affected by the Quaternary activity of the leftlateral, reverse Alhama de Murcia Fault (Betic Cordillera). Paleoseismic studies in this area yield data that can be compared and correlated with the morphologic and tectono-sedimentary evolution of the alluvial fan. The spatial arrangement of the sedimentary alluvial fan units near the fault zone, shown in trenches, is controlled by the recurrent reverse, left-lateral coseismic events. We analysed the morphology of the drainage network using a 1:5000 scale orthoimage to identify and measure horizontal deflections along the fault. The channel pattern analysis allowed us to estimate the average horizontal slip rate of the SAMF for the last 130 ka. This value is 0.21 mm/a, which is slightly higher than the range of values obtained by trenching analysis for the last 30 ka, (0.06 to 0.15 mm/yr). The interpretation of the stratigraphic sequence exposed along the trench walls constrained the occurrence of at least two surface faulting earthquakes during the last 30000 years. The most recent event happened after the El Saltador Creek dissected the alluvial fan. The penultimate event occurred while the alluvial fan was still active

Performance of the \u3ci\u3eLeucaena leucocephala\u3c/i\u3e–\u3ci\u3eMegathyrsus maximus\u3c/i\u3e cv Mombasa System and Local Range Grazed by Pelibuey Ewe-Lambs

Mombasa grass and leucaena have shown an excellent agronomic performance grown in tropical semi-arid ranges, the objective of this study was to compare the agronomic performance of Leucaena-Mombasa grown as a silvopastoral system at two leucaena plant densities (10000 and 15000 plants ha-1) and of Pelibuey ewe-lambs grazing it against native unimproved tropical semi-arid range of the state of Morelos, México. Experimental design was a completely random with two replications. Unimproved native range was mainly deciduous shrubs and mixed herbaceous plants (Poaceae and Asteraceae). Stocking rate was the same across treatments and grazing lasted all rainy season. Of the agronomic variables determined, both Leucaena-Mombasa systems showed the same (p\u3e 0.05) forage on-offer total and expressed as herbage-allowance but 29 and 15% higher (p≤ 0.05) respectively than the unimproved native range. Leucaena-Mombasa at the highest leucaena density showed the highest harvest rate, 22 and 50% higher (p≤ 0.05) than the registered at the lower density and unimproved native range, respectively. Unimproved native range herbaceous layer showed 40% higher (p≤ 0.05) crude protein content than the layer at both Leucaena-Mombasa systems; tree fodder was only different (p\u3c 0.05) in in vitro dry matter digestibility, tree fodder from both Leucaena-Mombasa systems was 32% higher (p≤ 0.05) than that of unimproved native range. Ewe-lambs grazing any of the Leucaena-Mombasa systems showed a daily weight gain 1.5 times higher (p\u3c 0.05) than those grazing the unimproved native range. It was concluded that Leucaena-Mombasa system is an option to improve agronomic and animal performances compare to unimproved tropical native range

Ewe Daily-Weight Gain Grazing \u3ci\u3eLeucaena leucocephala-Megathyrsus maximus\u3c/i\u3e CV Mombasa Silvopastoral System and Tropical Native Unimproved Range

Silvopastoral systems are a viable option to increase livestock productivity, The silvopastoral arrangement of Leucaena leucocephala associated with Megathyrsus maximus CV Mombasa (LMS) is successfully cultivated in tropical environments.. The objective of the study was to determine ewe daily-weight gain grazing LMS and a tropical unimproved native range. Two LMS were tested: high and low leucaena densities, 4700 and 2383 plants/ha, respectively. Grazing was rotational, lasted 150 d (rainy season) at equivalent stocking rate of 59 ewes/ha/150 d. Experimental design was a completely random design with three replications, the experimental unit was a 192 m2 plot. Variables measured on plots were amount (dry matter basis), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and crude protein (CP) of forage on-offer, from mixed samples herbaceous and tree fodder. Weight and serum concentrations of Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, and Fe were measured in ewes, daily weight gain was calculated. On average forage on-offer and IVDMD concentration were 50 and 15% higher (p \u3c 0.05) in LMS than in native range, respectively, with no difference between LMS. CP concentration was 25% higher (p \u3c 0.05) in native range than both LMS, with no difference between them. LMS’s showed no difference (p \u3e 0.05) between them on ewe daily weight gain, on average 59.2 g, and were higher than native range where ewes showed a mean daily weight loss of 14.8 g. Serum concentrations of the 8 minerals measured were similar (p \u3e 0.05) across all ewes regardless the treatments. It was concluded that the Leucaena leucocephala-Megathyrsus maximus CV Mombasa silvopastoral system is an option to improve livestock productivity compared with unimproved native range due to higher forage on-offer

Ewe Daily-Weight Gain Grazing \u3ci\u3eLeucaena leucocephala-Megathyrsus maximus\u3c/i\u3e CV Mombasa Silvopastoral System and Tropical Native Unimproved Range

Silvopastoral systems are a viable option to increase livestock productivity, The silvopastoral arrangement of Leucaena leucocephala associated with Megathyrsus maximus CV Mombasa (LMS) is successfully cultivated in tropical environments.. The objective of the study was to determine ewe daily-weight gain grazing LMS and a tropical unimproved native range. Two LMS were tested: high and low leucaena densities, 4700 and 2383 plants/ha, respectively. Grazing was rotational, lasted 150 d (rainy season) at equivalent stocking rate of 59 ewes/ha/150 d. Experimental design was a completely random design with three replications, the experimental unit was a 192 m2 plot. Variables measured on plots were amount (dry matter basis), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and crude protein (CP) of forage on-offer, from mixed samples herbaceous and tree fodder. Weight and serum concentrations of Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, and Fe were measured in ewes, daily weight gain was calculated. On average forage on-offer and IVDMD concentration were 50 and 15% higher (p \u3c 0.05) in LMS than in native range, respectively, with no difference between LMS. CP concentration was 25% higher (p \u3c 0.05) in native range than both LMS, with no difference between them. LMS’s showed no difference (p \u3e 0.05) between them on ewe daily weight gain, on average 59.2 g, and were higher than native range where ewes showed a mean daily weight loss of 14.8 g. Serum concentrations of the 8 minerals measured were similar (p \u3e 0.05) across all ewes regardless the treatments. It was concluded that the Leucaena leucocephala-Megathyrsus maximus CV Mombasa silvopastoral system is an option to improve livestock productivity compared with unimproved native range due to higher forage on-offer

Impact exercise strategies in the HRQOL of the sedentary adults

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la eficacia de diferentes estrategias de intervención del ejercicio físico y relacionarlas con la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en adultos mayores sedentarios. Participaron 100 sujetos, con edades comprendidas entre los 60 y 70 años, que fueron divididos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos: control, recomendación, prescripción y monitorización. La intervención de ejercicio físico tuvo una duración de 6 meses. Para la valoración de la CVRS se utilizó el cuestionario SF-36. Los grupos monitorización y prescripción obtuvieron los mayores valores en todos los dominios en el análisis intragrupos. La función física y la salud general y mental obtienen los mayores valores significativos entre grupos (p<.05). Entre los grupos prescripción y monitorización no existen diferencias significativas en ninguna dimensión. Sin embargo el grupo de monitorización obtuvo valores superiores en salud mental, no siendo así en salud físicaThe aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of different intervention strategies of exercise and relate the perception of quality of life related to health (HRQOL) in sedentary older adults. It involved 100 subjects, aged between 60 and 70, who were randomly divided into four groups: control, recommend, prescribe and monitor. The exercise intervention lasted 6 months. The SF-36 questionnaire was used for the assessment of HRQOL. The monitoring and prescription groups had higher values in all domains in the intragroup analysis. Physical function and health and mental health obtain the highest significant values between groups (p <.05). There are no significant differences at all in any domain among prescription and monitoring groups. However, the monitoring group obtained higher values in mental health, but were not in physical healt

Antidote use in a pediatric emergency department

INTRODUCTION: Poisoning is an infrequent cause of consultation in a pediatric emergency department (PED), but it can be potentially serious. Pediatricians should know how to use the available antidotes properly. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the use of antidotes in a PED and to assess the suitability of their indications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of antidote use in a PED between January 2008 and June 2012. Inclusion criteria were age younger than 18 years and consultation for suspicious poisoning by a substance that could be treated with an antidote. The adequacy of antidote indication was based on the recommendations of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergencies (SSPE). RESULTS: A total of 1728 consultations for suspicious poisoning (0.4% of the total visits in the PED) were recorded. In 353 cases (20.4%) the involved poison could be treated with an antidote. Sixty-seven patients received an antidote (3.9% of consultations for suspicious poisoning), and a total of 69 administrations of an antidote were made: 100% oxygen (46), N-acetylcysteine (10), flumazenil (4), naloxone (3), deferoxamine (2), vitamin K (2), bicarbonate (1), and carnitine (1). In 3 cases there was no indication for administration: flumazenil without respiratory depression, and vitamin K following coumarin exposure. As side effects, agitation was noted after the use of flumazenil, and a decrease in the prothrombin time during infusion of N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of antidotes in this PED is uncommon and, mainly, in accordance with the SSPE recommendations, and without serious side effects. The use of flumazenil needs to be limited to the cases with a clear indication and without any contraindication

Generation of femtosecond paraxial beams with arbitrary spatial distribution

We present an approach to generate paraxial laser beams with arbitrary spatial distribution in the femtosecond time regime. The proposed technique is based upon a pair of volume phase holographic gratings working in parallel arrangement. It exploits the spatial coherence properties of the incoming laser beam in a compact and robust setup that mitigates angular and spatial chirp. The gratings were recorded in a photopolymerizable glass with a high optical damage threshold and a large optical throughput. Setup performance is studied and experimentally demonstrated by generating Laguerre-Gaussian femtosecond pulses. © 2010 Optical Society of America.We thank Fransisco del Monte for valuable advice and CAI-UCM facilities. The financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under projects TEC 2008-04105, CTQ2008-02578/BQU and Consolider SAUUL CSD2007-00013 is acknowledged. M. P. H.-G. and P. V. acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (Brazil) for financial support, respectively.Peer Reviewe

A Newborn AGN in a Starforming Galaxy

We report on the finding of a newborn AGN, i.e. current AGN activity in a galaxy previously classified as non-active, and characterize its evolution. Black hole ignition event candidates were selected from a parent sample of spectrally classified non-active galaxies (2.394.312 objects), that currently show optical flux variability indicative of a type I AGN, according to the ALeRCE light curve classifier. A second epoch spectrum for a sample of candidate newborn AGN were obtained with the SOAR telescope to search for new AGN features. We present spectral results for the most convincing case of new AGN activity, for a galaxy with a previous star-forming optical classification, where the second epoch spectrum shows the appearance of prominent, broad Balmer lines without significant changes in the narrow line flux ratios. Long term optical lightcurves show a steady increase in luminosity starting 1.5 years after the SDSS spectrum was taken and continuing for at least 7 years. MIR colors from the WISE catalog have also evolved from typical non active galaxy colors to AGN-like colors and recent X-ray flux detections confirm its AGN nature.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A Letter